Alzheimer s & Dementia,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
20(2), P. 1436 - 1458
Published: Oct. 31, 2023
Plasma
amyloid
beta
(Aβ)
and
tau
are
emerging
as
accessible
biomarkers
for
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
However,
many
assays
exist
with
variable
test
performances,
highlighting
the
need
a
comparative
assessment
to
identify
most
valid
future
use
in
AD
apply
other
settings
which
same
may
be
useful,
namely,
cerebral
angiopathy
(CAA).
CAA
is
progressive
cerebrovascular
characterized
by
deposition
of
Aβ
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(2), P. 1173 - 1173
Published: Jan. 18, 2024
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
characterized
by
amyloid
beta
(Aβ)
plaques
and
hyperphosphorylated
tau
in
the
brain.
Aβ
precede
cognitive
impairments
can
be
detected
through
amyloid-positron
emission
tomography
(PET)
or
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF).
Assessing
plasma
Aβ42/Aβ40
ratio
seems
promising
for
non-invasive
cost-effective
detection
of
brain
accumulation.
This
approach
involves
some
challenges,
including
accuracy
blood-based
biomarker
measurements
establishment
clear,
standardized
thresholds
to
categorize
risk
developing
pathology.
Plasma
was
measured
277
volunteers
without
dementia,
70
AD
patients
18
non-AD
using
single-molecule
array.
Patients
(
General Psychiatry,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
37(1), P. e101310 - e101310
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD)
is
a
common
cause
of
dementia,
characterised
by
cerebral
amyloid-β
deposition,
pathological
tau
and
neurodegeneration.
The
prodromal
stage
AD
(pAD)
refers
to
patients
with
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI)
evidence
AD’s
pathology.
At
this
stage,
disease-modifying
interventions
should
be
used
prevent
the
progression
dementia.
Given
inherent
heterogeneity
MCI,
more
specific
biomarkers
are
needed
elucidate
underlying
Although
uses
cerebrospinal
fluid
positron
emission
tomography
widely
accepted
methods
for
detecting
pathology,
their
clinical
applications
limited
high
costs
invasiveness,
particularly
in
low-income
areas
China.
Therefore,
improve
early
detection
Alzheimer's
pathology
through
cost-effective
screening
methods,
panel
45
neurologists,
psychiatrists
gerontologists
was
invited
establish
formal
consensus
on
pAD
supportive
grades
recommendations
based
systematic
literature
review
focus
group
discussion.
National
meetings
were
held
allow
participants
review,
vote
provide
expert
opinions
reach
consensus.
A
majority
(two-thirds)
decision
questions
which
could
not
reached.
Recommended
presented
publication,
including
neuropsychological
assessment,
peripheral
brain
imaging.
In
addition,
general
workflow
China
established,
will
help
clinicians
identify
individuals
at
risk
determine
therapeutic
targets.
Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
8, P. 100063 - 100063
Published: April 18, 2023
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
is
an
age-related
neurodegenerative
and
the
leading
cause
of
dementia
worldwide.
AD
associated
with
several
neuropathologic
changes
including
progressive
accumulation
extracellular
amyloid-β
(Aβ)
plaques,
intracellular
neurofibrillary
tau
tangles,
neuroinflammation,
cerebral
small
vessel
neurodegeneration,
many
which
are
known
to
begin
years
before
onset
clinical
symptoms.
As
such,
there
a
growing
interest
in
developing
biomarkers
that
can
be
used
detect
these
brains
at-risk
individuals
facilitate
earlier
more
accurate
diagnosis.
This
may
allow
for
intervention
disease-modifying
therapies
slow
progression
irreversible
neurodegeneration
improve
quality
life.
The
current
review
seeks
provide
concise
overview
neuropathology
genetics
underlying
AD,
then
summarize
most
promising
clinically
available
experimental
AD.
These
include
structural
neuroimaging,
functional
magnetic
resonance
imaging
(fMRI),
positron
emission
tomography
(PET),
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF),
blood-based
assays.
Multiple
potential
uses
described,
screening
populations
disease,
aiding
differential
diagnosis
mild
cognitive
impairment
(MCI),
monitoring
impact
lifestyle
modifying
therapies,
identification
treatment
neuropsychiatric
symptoms
dementia,
planning
end
life
care.
Finally,
additional
areas
future
research
discussed,
replication
biomarker
studies
diverse
patient
cohorts,
characterization
real-world
psychological
impacts
testing,
as
well
novel
currently
under
investigation.
Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(3), P. 397 - 407
Published: Feb. 10, 2023
Abstract
Objective
White
matter
damage
is
a
feature
of
Alzheimer's
disease,
yet
little
known
about
how
facets
the
disease
process
relate
to
key
features
white
structure.
We
examined
association
(Aß
42/40
ratio;
pTau181),
neuronal
injury
(NfL),
and
reactive
astrogliosis
(GFAP)
biomarkers
with
MRI
measures
myelin
content
axonal
density.
Methods
Among
cognitively
normal
participants
in
BLSA
GESTALT
studies
who
received
(defined
by
water
fraction
[MWF])
density
neurite
index
[NDI]),
we
quantified
plasma
levels
Aβ
42
,
40
pTau181,
NfL,
GFAP.
Linear
regression
models
adjusted
for
demographic
variables
were
used
these
biomarker
measures.
Results
In
total,
119
MWF
imaging
(age:
56
[SD
21]),
which
43
NDI
50
18]).
found
no
relationship
between
total
brain
content.
However,
secondary
analysis
higher
GFAP
was
associated
lower
temporal
lobes
(
ß
=
−0.13;
P
0.049).
Further,
NfL
−0.22;
0.009)
−0.29;
0.002)
Secondary
analyses
ratio
pTau181
also
density,
but
only
select
regions.
These
results
remained
similar
after
additionally
adjusting
cardiovascular
risk
factors.
Interpretation
Plasma
are
reduced
region‐specific
Axonal
loss
demyelination
may
co‐occur
neurodegeneration
ahead
clinically
meaningful
cognitive
decline.
Alzheimer s & Dementia,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
20(2), P. 1436 - 1458
Published: Oct. 31, 2023
Plasma
amyloid
beta
(Aβ)
and
tau
are
emerging
as
accessible
biomarkers
for
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD).
However,
many
assays
exist
with
variable
test
performances,
highlighting
the
need
a
comparative
assessment
to
identify
most
valid
future
use
in
AD
apply
other
settings
which
same
may
be
useful,
namely,
cerebral
angiopathy
(CAA).
CAA
is
progressive
cerebrovascular
characterized
by
deposition
of
Aβ
