Non-Invasive Retinal Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 283 - 283

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the brain associated with ageing and most prevalent form dementia, affecting an estimated 55 million people worldwide, projections suggesting this number will exceed 150 by 2050. With its increasing prevalence, AD represents significant global health challenge potentially serious social economic consequences. Diagnosing particularly challenging as it requires timely recognition. Currently, there no effective therapy for AD; however, certain medications may help slow progression. Existing diagnostic methods such magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), positron emission (PET), biomarker analysis in cerebrospinal fluid tend to be expensive invasive, making them impractical widespread use. Consequently, research into non-invasive biomarkers that enable early detection screening crucial area contemporary clinical investigation. One promising approach diagnosis retinal imaging. As extension central nervous system, retina offers distinctive opportunity structure function assessment. Considering their shared embryological origins vascular immunological similarities between eye brain, alterations indicate pathological changes including those specifically related AD. Studies suggest structural retina, within neuronal network blood vessels, act markers cerebral caused These have potential diagnosis. Since typically diagnosed only after loss has occurred, identifying could intervention prevent Non-invasive techniques, optical coherence (OCT) OCT angiography, provide accessible linked This review article focuses on Investigating connections processes significantly enhance diagnosis, monitoring, treatment AD, paving way new therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

Retinal Structure and Microcirculation Alterations in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: An Optical Coherence Tomography and Angiography Study

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 66(4), P. 73 - 73

Published: April 24, 2025

This study aimed to compare the retinal thickness, vessel density, and perfusion density in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) healthy controls using optical coherence tomography (OCT) OCT angiography. And investigating influence of serological parameters signs structural microcirculatory PTC patients. cross-sectional included 174 (345 eyes) 179 subjects (358 eyes). Serological (complete blood count, function, lymphocyte subsets) thickness flow were compared between two groups, correlations group. We investigated effect (tumor size, focus location, lymphatic metastasis, surrounding tissue invasion, BRAF mutations) on parameters. exhibited significantly thinner reduced macular superficial vascular plexus controls. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios thyroglobulin inversely correlated parameters, CD4+ T cells positively correlated. Aggressive thicken more than nonaggressive cases. The findings indicate a trend toward thinning dysfunction patients, these changes may be related chronic inflammation immune dysregulation secondary cancer progression. angiography show potential as noninvasive tools for detecting subclinical abnormalities alterations serve surrogate marker systemic inflammation. However, further studies are needed address confounders establish causality.

Language: Английский

Evaluation of retinal and choroidal microvascular alteration after ICL V4c implantation based on OCTA

BMC Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

To evaluate the changes of retinal and choroidal microvascular including superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep (DCP), choriocapillaris (CC), central thickness (CRT) in high myopic eyes after implantable collamer lens with a hole (ICL V4c) implantation using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). This retrospective study included 30 patients (14 males 16 females) who underwent ICL V4c Tianjin Aier Eye Hospital from October 2022 to May 2023. Uncorrected distant visual acuity (UDVA), best corrected distance (BDVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), spherical equivalent (SE), axial length (AL), (OCTA) were measured assessed before surgery, 1 week, month, 3 months surgery. OCTA was used image measure several key indicators: foveal avascular zone (FAZ), vascular density (VD) SCP DCP, blood flow (BD) CC, CRT. All measurement data obtained utilizing instrument's proprietary software, ensuring accuracy consistency. UDVA significant improvements at BDVA, FAZ, CRT maintained stable, however, IOP higher week post-operation compared 1-month post-operation. The statistically difference identified within S3, S7, S9 each time point surgery (P1 = 0.004; P2 0.014; P3 0.037). However, paired analyses showed that there decrease VD S3 (P < 0.05), which then returned preoperative levels by month > increase S7 region implantation, is post-surgery, but not levels. An overall comparison BD CC (2 mm) 0.029). offers safe efficient therapy patients. need be paid attention post-ICL

Language: Английский