BioResources,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
19(2), P. 2029 - 2044
Published: Feb. 5, 2024
Biochar
(BC)
was
used
in
Trichoderma
sp.
culture
to
produce
high-activity
cellulase
on
a
laboratory
scale.
The
biochar
added
into
the
flask
before
being
applied
fermenter
identify
enhancement
effect
and
determine
best
amount
of
addition
most
suitable
incubation
period.
Cellulase
production
performed
with
working
volume
4
L,
enzymatic
hydrolysis
conducted
evaluate
saccharification
ability
enzyme.
During
incubation,
activities
three
enzymes
(Endoglucanase
(EG),
β-glucosidase
(BGL),
cellobiohydrolase
(CBH))
were
measured
for
days,
activity
determined
using
filter
paper
unit
(FPU).
In
scale,
EG,
BGL,
CBH
increased
by
1.4,
2.1,
1.8
folds,
respectively,
period
shortened
adding
BC.
noticeably
enhanced
12.1,
5.8,
7.2
FPU
42.1
(9.8
folds).
Additionally,
conversion
rates
cellulose
steam
exploded
softwood
hardwood
109.4%,
75.4%,
87.3%,
which
similar
commercial
enzyme
(Cellic
CTecⅡ).
This
study
demonstrated
that
could
be
shorter
suggests
novel
method
effective
production.
Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(1), P. 5 - 5
Published: Jan. 31, 2024
Fungal
cellulases
are
the
most
sought-after
biological
molecules
produced
from
microbial
sources
in
last
four
decades.
Owing
to
their
emerging
applications
bioenergy
industry
for
hydrolyzing
cellulose,
which
they
abundant
source
on
this
planet,
research
trends
shifting
heavily
toward
adapting
submerged
fermentation.
However,
filamentous
fungal
species,
efficient
cellulase
producers,
well-adapted
low-moisture
solid
support
as
substrate,
such
nature.
Therefore,
various
fermentation
strategies
currently
being
investigated
adapt
them
large
and
high-quality
production
of
cellulases.
Emerging
trends,
use
inexpensive
feedstocks,
nutrient
and/or
culture
optimization,
innovative
bioreactor
designs,
microparticle-assisted
growth,
genetic
engineering
approaches,
some
recent
efforts
by
researchers
exploit
full
potential
these
molecules.
This
review
discusses
success
rates
conditions.
In
addition,
specific
focus
was
provided
both
increasing
market
value
required
enhance
an
industrial
scale.
Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 21, 2025
Abstract
Over
the
past
few
decades,
several
developments
and
innovations
have
made
denim
a
"classic"
in
today's
fashion
cycle.
Modern
consumers
today
are
concerned
with
clothing
comfort,
environmental
sustainability,
aesthetic
appeal.
Sustainability
washing
is
pressing
concern
industry,
affecting
consumers'
purchasing
decisions.
Sustainable
alternatives
for
enthusiasts
now
include
eco-friendly
alternative
garments
dry
wet
processes
through
nontoxic
chemicals,
process
optimization,
recipe
optimization.
Previous
research
focused
solely
on
physical
properties
of
samples
following
use
hazardous
conventional
techniques;
yet
those
did
not
adequately
represent
empirical
assessments
impact
measurement,
chromatic
values,
visual
uniformity
vintage
effects
vat-dyed
denim.
This
compares
three
techniques
such
as
dark,
medium,
light
washes
their
sustainable
counterparts,
analyzing
impacts
evaluation.
tend
to
be
more
efficient,
saving
at
least
15.5-21.5
minutes
per
wash.
While
medium
dark
save
14.44
L/kg
19.4
water,
respectively,
saves
3.9
L/kg.
economical
also
consume
less
energy
lower
chemical
scores
than
washes.
The
Environmental
Impact
Measurement
(EIM)
scoring
system
implies
0–33
low
impact,
34–66
>66
high
impact.
EIM
score
methods
(42
light,
51
57
wash)
greater
that
(8
13
17
wash).
Evaluations
indicate
decline
color
strength
(K/S),
chromaticity
(C*),
hue
angle
(h)
light-washed
types.
Conversely,
show
higher
difference
(ΔE),
CIE
L*a*b*
values
comparison
dark-washed
provides
comprehensive
assessment
using
metrics
like
score,
differences,
strength,
chromaticity,
angle.
