CD73/adenosine dynamics in treatment-induced pneumonitis: balancing efficacy with risks of adverse events in combined radio-immunotherapies

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Consolidation with PD-1/PD-L1-based immune checkpoint blockade after concurrent platinum-based chemo-radiotherapy has become the new standard of care for advanced stage III unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. In order to further improve therapy outcomes, innovative combinatorial treatment strategies aim target additional immunosuppressive barriers in tumor microenvironment such as CD73/adenosine pathway. CD73 and adenosine are known crucial endogenous regulators homeostasis inflammation, but also contribute an microenvironment. Furthermore, pathway can limit immune-activating effects cytotoxic therapies by degrading pro-inflammatory danger molecule ATP, which is released into normal tissue upon therapy-induced damage. Thus, while targeting may enhance efficacy radio-immunotherapies mitigating escape improving immune-mediated killing, it raises concerns about increased immune-related adverse events (irAEs) tissue. fact, combined bear risk irAEs lungs, pharmacologic inhibition overwhelming or overlapping pulmonary toxicity thereby outcome. This review explores how therapeutic interventions dynamics could radiation-induced activation radio-immunotherapies, whilst potentially driving lung. We specifically investigate interactions between radiotherapy radiation pneumonitis. Additionally, we compare incidence (radiation) pneumonitis reported relevant trials determine if there clinical setting. By understanding these dynamics, inform future optimizing radio-immunotherapy regimens, ensuring effective control preserving integrity patient quality life.

Language: Английский

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Chemokines and their receptors in the esophageal carcinoma tumor microenvironment: key factors for metastasis and progression

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 11, 2025

Esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) is a highly malignant tumor with the highest incidence in Eastern Asia. Although treatment modalities for ESCA have advanced recent years, overall prognosis remains poor, as most patients are diagnosed at an stage of disease. There urgent need to promote early screening increase survival rates and improve patient outcomes. The development closely linked complex microenvironment (TME), where chemokines their receptors play pivotal roles. Chemokines class small-molecule, secreted proteins constitute largest family cytokines. They not only directly regulate growth proliferation but also influence cell migration localization through specific receptor interactions. Consequently, affect invasion metastatic spread. Furthermore, immune cells, including macrophages regulatory T within TME. recruitment these cells further leads immunosuppression, creating favorable conditions metastasis. This review examines impact ESCA-associated on ESCA, emphasizing critical involvement

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cells attenuate diabetic vascular complication by reducing irregular extracellular matrix production in human blood vessel organoids

Lab on a Chip, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

MSC infiltration of diabetic vasculature.

Language: Английский

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Engineering Dual Active Sites and Defect Structure in Nanozymes to Reprogram Jawbone Microenvironment for Osteoradionecrosis Therapy

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 17, 2024

Four to eight percent of patients with head and neck cancer will develop osteoradionecrosis the jaw (ORNJ) after radiotherapy. Various radiation-induced tissue injuries are associated reactive oxygen nitrogen species (RONS) overproduction. Herein, Fe doping is used in VO

Language: Английский

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