Intra-specific variation in relative embryo length and germination of wild Daucus carota across climate gradients in North America and Europe DOI Creative Commons
Filip Vandelook, Ann Van de Vyver, Elias Soltani

et al.

Seed Science Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 207 - 217

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Abstract Although seed trait variations and their relationship to the ecological niche have been studied extensively at species level, they do not necessarily reflect population level. In this study, we explored intra-specific variation in relative embryo length, mass germination speed 40 populations of Daucus carota distributed across Europe North America. By including information on local climate conditions, aimed examine impact geographical origin various functional traits detect potential adaptation. No significant difference was observed final for European American seeds incubated 20°C, nor viability. populations, length significantly increased with increasing mass, but no such relation found populations. Larger dispersal resulted both Populations drier areas typically had larger lengths. Precipitation-related variables showed a negative indicating reduction precipitation. clear between observed. We can conclude that D. are adapted as gradient , which associated climate. This less pronounced America, be explained by its relatively recent introduction continent.

Language: Английский

Adaptation and Acclimation of Gametophytic Traits to Heat Stress in a Widely Distributed Wild Plant Along a Steep Climatic Gradient DOI Creative Commons
Donam Tushabe, Franziska Altmann,

Erik Koehler

et al.

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4)

Published: March 30, 2025

ABSTRACT Climate change‐induced heat waves often reduce seed yields and quality via high‐temperature effects in the gametophytic phase. Yet, contrast to model crop species, ability of pollen ovules adapt or acclimate stress wild plants remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we examined adaptation acclimation potential six traits 11 Silene vulgaris populations across a temperature gradient Europe. First, cultivated common garden reveal differences indicative adaptation. Next, assessed their by subjecting flowering two chronic (CHS) treatments: moderate (35°C/30°C) severe (40°C/35°C) for 18 days. Also, estimated CHS on quantity quality. The experiment showed no intraspecific variation gradient, suggesting these may not influence reproductive local habitats. During CHS, female gametophyte was less temperature‐sensitive than male. Moderate led larger ovaries with more large‐sized ovules, while reduced ovule numbers but increased size. Both treatments decreased grain numbers, size, anther length, causing greater reductions. These reductions lower yield Under both treatments, did vary along except size under which warmer climates. Our findings revealed lack mechanisms (except size) gradient. suggest that rely alternative strategies, such as shifts physiology biochemistry phenology, respond thermal associated waves.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Genetic variation in susceptibility of Phytophthora cinnamomi-infected holm oak in the absence or presence of severe drought DOI
Raúl de la Mata, B. Cuenca,

Laura Luquero

et al.

Forestry An International Journal of Forest Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Abstract The evergreen oaks Quercus ilex and suber are exposed to widespread Phytophthora infestation in natural forests. To restore diseased forests, deploying trees less susceptible combined stress is the most promising approach. We aimed determine whether drought affects susceptibility of Q. seedlings cinnamomi (Pc) differently. Additionally, provide scientific support for a genetic improvement program reduce holm oak decline, variation heritability Pc absence or presence were estimated. About 7000 66 9 from Extremadura region (Spain) inoculated with at age 1. following year, half experimental blocks regularly watered severe drought, again Pc. In was more than (mortality 97% 59%, respectively), but after infection species equally (~97% plant mortality). It could therefore be expected that under climate change scenarios predicted south Iberian Peninsula, offspring will as compromised soil by Significant additive observed (hi2 = 0.46 time death plants), indicating breeding tolerance possible. Family variance component estimates highest control decreased over increased. This first study define production population against oak.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Predicting potential reforestation areas by Quercus ilex (L.) species using machine learning algorithms: case of upper Ziz, southeastern Morocco DOI
Mohamed Manaouch, Mohamed Sadiki, Quoc Bao Pham

et al.

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 195(9)

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

5
A classification system for germination in desiccation-sensitive Fagaceae acorns: with particular focus on physiological and epicotyl dormancy DOI
Ganesh K. Jaganathan, Shyam S. Phartyal

Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 30, 2024

Abstract Since the 17th century, understanding germination ecology of Fagaceae fruits has attracted considerable interest. However, several questions remain, including: (i) How widespread is coexistence dormancy and desiccation-sensitivity (DS)? (ii) What kind do fruits/acorns have? (iii) common epicotyl in fruits/acorns? (iv) influence embryonic axis position relation to germination? Our literature synthesis shows that most—but not all—Fagaceae are desiccation-sensitive. Many Quercus species have either physiological (PD) or (ePD), though latter been hitherto underestimated. Here, we propose a new classification system for identify two types: Type-I Type-II. Further, subdivide into Type-IA adjacent lingular (radicle extends through apex shoots develop close fruits/acorns) Type-IS near scar fruits/acorns), Type-II Type-IIA remote tubular, where radicle (Type-IIS), but emerge at distance from fruits/acorns. Why varies between cannot be explained based on phylogenetic relationships.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Tree Germination Sensitivity to Increasing Temperatures: A Global Meta‐Analysis Across Biomes, Species and Populations DOI
Eduardo Vicente,

Marta Benito Garzón

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

ABSTRACT Aim Climate change is altering forest communities at an unprecedented pace. Current knowledge on trees' responses to climate shifts based mostly adults. Yet, germination traits and intraspecific variation can notably modulate species niches. This paper provides a quantitative review about warming effects tree species' germination, the role of population its implications under future climate. Location Global; covering boreal, temperate, Mediterranean tropical–subtropical biomes. Time Period 1996–2024. Major Taxa Studied Tree species. Methods We reviewed 50 papers addressing 63 250 populations. Then, we conducted meta‐analysis assess percentage time, how modulated by seed origin. further evaluated populations' adaptation local temperature 27 Finally, estimated population‐based niches in eight these current conditions 2080 scenario (SSP5‐8.5). Results Warming induced more consistent time than across biomes, hastening germination. Temperature origin shaped boreal temperate In species, different were associated with precipitation‐related variables. Local was frequent from tropics, while lags towards warmer‐than‐today observed other Simulation yielded slight although extensive reductions climate, whereas ones showed overall increases. Main Conclusions Population‐level adjustments are key moderators phenology response warming. Their roles vary depending prevailing each biome. important factor modulating responses, variables relevant ones. tropical increases their vulnerability

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Adaptation and acclimation of gametophytic traits to heat stress in a widely distributed wild plant along a steep climatic gradient DOI Creative Commons
Donam Tushabe, Franziska Altmann,

Erik Koehler

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 2, 2024

Abstract Climate change-induced heat waves often result in reduced seed yields and quality via high-temperature effects the gametophytic phase. Surprisingly, ability of pollen ovules, particularly among wild plant populations, to adapt or acclimate stress remains poorly understood. To address this gap, we examined adaptive acclimation potential six traits eleven distinct populations Silene vulgaris across a temperature gradient Europe. First, cultivated plants common garden reveal differences indicative adaptation. Next, assessed these by subjecting flowering two chronic (CHS) treatments: moderate (35/30 °C) severe (40/35 °C), for 18 days. Findings from experiment indicated no intraspecific variation gradient, suggesting that may not influence plant’s sexual adaptation its local habitat. Plants originating colder climates produced more larger seeds than those warmer climates. During CHS treatments, female gametophyte was less sensitive compared male gametophyte. Moderate led ovaries with more, large-sized while ovule numbers but increased their size. In contrast, both treatments decreased grain numbers, size, anther length, causing significant reductions. These reductions ultimately translated lower yield quality, which threaten sustained existence natural over time. Under did vary along except size under CHS, regions. Our findings suggest lack mechanisms (except size) indicates rely on alternative strategies, such as shifts time, respond thermal stress.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Intra-specific variation in relative embryo length and germination of wild Daucus carota across climate gradients in North America and Europe DOI Creative Commons
Filip Vandelook, Ann Van de Vyver, Elias Soltani

et al.

Seed Science Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(4), P. 207 - 217

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Abstract Although seed trait variations and their relationship to the ecological niche have been studied extensively at species level, they do not necessarily reflect population level. In this study, we explored intra-specific variation in relative embryo length, mass germination speed 40 populations of Daucus carota distributed across Europe North America. By including information on local climate conditions, aimed examine impact geographical origin various functional traits detect potential adaptation. No significant difference was observed final for European American seeds incubated 20°C, nor viability. populations, length significantly increased with increasing mass, but no such relation found populations. Larger dispersal resulted both Populations drier areas typically had larger lengths. Precipitation-related variables showed a negative indicating reduction precipitation. clear between observed. We can conclude that D. are adapted as gradient , which associated climate. This less pronounced America, be explained by its relatively recent introduction continent.

Language: Английский

Citations

0