Vagus nerve stimulation: a physical therapy with promising potential for central nervous system disorders DOI Creative Commons
Chaoran Wang, Bangqi Wu,

Ruolan Lin

et al.

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

The diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) often cause irreversible damage to human body and have a poor prognosis, posing significant threat health. They brought enormous burdens society healthcare systems. However, due complexity their causes mechanisms, effective treatment methods are still lacking. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), as physical therapy, has been utilized in various diseases. VNS shown promising outcomes some CNS approved by Food Drug Administration (FDA) United States for epilepsy depression. Moreover, it demonstrated potential stroke, consciousness disorders, Alzheimer’s disease. Nevertheless, exact efficacy VNS, its beneficiaries, mechanisms action remain unclear. This article discusses current clinical evidence supporting diseases, providing updates on progress, potential, producing effects

Language: Английский

Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota and its effect on α-synuclein and prion protein misfolding: consequences for neurodegeneration DOI Creative Commons

Nasir Uddin Mahbub,

Md Minarul Islam, Seong‐Tshool Hong

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abnormal behavior of α-synuclein and prion proteins is the hallmark Parkinson’s disease (PD) illnesses, respectively, being complex neurological disorders. A primary cause protein aggregation, brain injury, cognitive loss in illnesses misfolding normal cellular (PrP C ) into an infectious form Sc ). Aggregation causes disruptions processes (PD), leading to dopamine-producing neurons motor symptoms. Alteration composition or activity gut microbes may weaken intestinal barrier make it possible for prions go from brain. The gut-brain axis linked neuroinflammation; metabolites produced by microbiota affect aggregation α-synuclein, regulate inflammation immunological responses, influence course neurotoxicity proteins, even if their targets are distinct proteins. This thorough analysis explores interactions that exist between neurodegenerative particularly involvement microbiota, a collection bacteria, archaea, fungi, viruses etc., various becoming increasingly recognized. microbiome influences neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter synthesis, mitochondrial function, integrity through axis, which contributes development progression disease. review delves molecular mechanisms underlie these relationships, emphasizing effects microbial such as bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) regulating functioning. Additionally, looks at how environmental dietary decisions whether they could be risk factors illnesses. study concludes highlighting critical role plays It also provides promising direction future research treatment approaches. People afflicted difficult ailments find hope new preventive therapeutic approaches diseases better understood.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS): recent advances and future directions DOI Creative Commons
Christopher W. Austelle,

Stewart S. Cox,

Kristin E Wills

et al.

Clinical Autonomic Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Mechanisms of vagus nerve stimulation for the treatment of neurodevelopmental disorders: a focus on microglia and neuroinflammation DOI Creative Commons

Makenna Gargus,

Benneth Ben‐Azu,

Antonia Landwehr

et al.

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The vagus nerve (VN) is the primary parasympathetic nerve, providing two-way communication between body and brain through a network of afferent efferent fibers. Evidence suggests that altered VN signaling linked to changes in neuroimmune system, including microglia. Dysfunction microglia, resident innate immune cells brain, associated with various neurodevelopmental disorders, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum (ASD), epilepsy. While mechanistic understanding linking VN, disorders remains incomplete, stimulation (VNS) may provide better VN’s mechanisms act as possible treatment modality. In this review we examine important role modulating system inflammatory reflex, which involves cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, releases acetylcholine. Within central nervous (CNS), direct release acetylcholine can also be triggered by VNS. Homeostatic balance CNS notably maintained Microglia facilitate neurogenesis, oligodendrogenesis, astrogenesis, promote neuronal survival via trophic factor release. These monitor microenvironment complex sensome, groups receptors proteins enabling microglia modify health neurochemistry. Given limitations pharmacological interventions for seeks explore application VNS an intervention conditions. Accordingly, established action, e.g., modulation neurotransmitter pathways, well emerging preclinical clinical evidence supporting VNS’s impact on symptoms such those related inflammation induced infections. We discuss potential adapting non-invasive prevention these Overall, intended increase alleviating microglial dysfunction involved ADHD, ASD, Additionally, aim reveal new concepts field could serve understand development therapies disorders.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation Protects Neurons in the Perihematomal Region and Improves the Outcomes in a Rat Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage DOI
Eder Cáceres, Pascal Salazar,

Satoka Shidoh

et al.

Neurocritical Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Enteric nervous system dysfunction as a driver of central nervous system disorders: The Forgotten brain in neurological disease DOI

Orabi Hajjeh,

Islam Rajab, Mohammad Bdair

et al.

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 572, P. 232 - 247

Published: March 13, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Non-neuronal cholinergic system in the heart influences its homeostasis and an extra-cardiac site, the blood-brain barrier DOI
Yoshihiko Kakinuma

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 27, 2024

The non-neuronal cholinergic system of the cardiovascular has recently gained attention because its origin. final product this is acetylcholine (ACh) not derived from parasympathetic nervous but cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Accordingly, it defined as an ACh synthesis by This plays a dispensable role in heart which confirmed pharmacological genetic studies using murine models, such models with deletion vesicular transporter gene modulation choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) gene. In these sustained physiological function heart, prevented development cardiac hypertrophy, negatively regulated metabolism reactive oxygen species production, resulting homeostasis. Further, extra-cardiac organs, revealed heart-specific ChAT transgenic (hChAT tg) mice. They showed enhanced functions blood-brain barrier (BBB), indicating that augmented influences BBB through vagus nerve. Therefore, indirectly brain function. mini-review summarizes critical phenotypes hChAT tg mice focuses on effect functions. We discuss possibility signal or nerve expression component proteins to consolidate barrier, leading downregulation inflammatory responses brain, dysfunction-related effects brain. also discusses possible interventions system.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
From Gut to Brain: Unraveling the Intricate Link Between Microbiome and Stroke DOI
Neha R. Raghani, Humzah Postwala, Yesha Shah

et al.

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 3, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Therapy in Epilepsy: An Overview of Technical and Surgical Method, Patient Selection, and Treatment Outcomes DOI Creative Commons
Myriam Abdennadher, Pratik Rohatgi, Aneeta Saxena

et al.

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 675 - 675

Published: July 2, 2024

Epilepsy affects over 65 million people worldwide. One-third of with epilepsy do not respond to medication and may benefit from surgery. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is the first neuromodulation therapy for treatment drug-resistant epilepsy. This method used in combination anti-seizure medications adults pediatric population. VNS has also been demonstrated have benefits some comorbidities, such as depression, can be other therapies The authors present an overview physiology, patient selection, surgery risks, therapy, application comorbidities.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The brain-gut axis: communication mechanisms and the role of the microbiome as a neuroprotective factor in the development of neurodegenerative diseases: A literature overview DOI Creative Commons

mgr Natalia Białoń,

dr hab. n. o zdr. Dariusz Górka,

mgr Mikołaj Górka

et al.

AIMS neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 289 - 311

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

<p>The study of the brain-gut axis and its impact on cognitive function in development neurodegenerative diseases is a very timely topic interest to researchers. This review summarizes information basic mechanisms gut-brain communication. We then discuss roles gut microbiome as neuroprotective factor neurodegeneration. The microbiota extremely important maintaining body's homeostasis, shaping human immune system proper functioning brain. intestinal microflora affects processes neuroplasticity, synaptogenesis, neuronal regeneration. aims explain changes composition bacterial population among patients with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's multiple sclerosis. Abnormalities are also noted stress, depression, or autism spectrum development. New observations psychobiotic supplementation alleviating symptoms presented.</p>

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Vagus nerve stimulation: a physical therapy with promising potential for central nervous system disorders DOI Creative Commons
Chaoran Wang, Bangqi Wu,

Ruolan Lin

et al.

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Dec. 13, 2024

The diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) often cause irreversible damage to human body and have a poor prognosis, posing significant threat health. They brought enormous burdens society healthcare systems. However, due complexity their causes mechanisms, effective treatment methods are still lacking. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), as physical therapy, has been utilized in various diseases. VNS shown promising outcomes some CNS approved by Food Drug Administration (FDA) United States for epilepsy depression. Moreover, it demonstrated potential stroke, consciousness disorders, Alzheimer’s disease. Nevertheless, exact efficacy VNS, its beneficiaries, mechanisms action remain unclear. This article discusses current clinical evidence supporting diseases, providing updates on progress, potential, producing effects

Language: Английский

Citations

1