The gut microbiome, immune modulation, and cognitive decline: insights on the gut-brain axis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

The gut microbiome has emerged as a pivotal area of research due to its significant influence on the immune system and cognitive functions. Cognitive disorders, including dementia Parkinson’s disease, represent substantial global health challenges. This review explores relationship between microbiota, modulation, decline, with particular focus gut-brain axis. Research indicates that bacteria produce metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which affect mucosal immunity, antigen presentation, responses, thereby influencing A noteworthy correlation been identified imbalances in impairments, suggesting novel pathways for treatment disorders. Additionally, factors such diet, environment, pharmaceuticals play role shaping composition microbiome, subsequently impacting both health. article aims clarify complex interactions among regulation, evaluating their potential therapeutic targets. goal is promote microbiome-based treatments lay groundwork future this field.

Language: Английский

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A colorimetric nano-enzyme assay with Ni@Pt nanoparticles as signal labels for rapid and sensitive detection of exosomal Aβ42 in plasma

Microchimica Acta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 192(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Endothelial Cell-Related Genes EIF1 and HSPA1B Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease by Modulating Peripheral Immunoinflammatory Responses

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 205 - 205

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Emerging evidence suggests that peripheral immunoinflammatory responses contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, and endothelial cells (ECs) are involved in these responses. Nevertheless, the potential molecular mechanisms signaling pathways by which ECs modulate thus AD pathogenesis not fully understood. The single-cell RNA sequencing dataset GSE157827 was analyzed, key genes were screened using LASSO regression random forest algorithms. Functional enrichment analyses of conducted gene set analysis (GSEA) variation analysis. Immune cell infiltration for performed single-sample GSEA, their correlations with factors assessed TISIDB database. Peripheral blood data from our cohort utilized validate expression patterns EC-related investigate association cognition. most significant contributors among all brain subpopulations. For first time, EIF1 HSPA1B identified as associated progression. These two may participate modulating levels significantly altered during progression, correlated cognitive functions clinical continuum patients. findings underscore critical roles biomarkers this disease.

Language: Английский

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Advances in Understanding Biomarkers and Treating Neurological Diseases -Role of the Cerebellar Dysfunction and Emerging Therapies

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102519 - 102519

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advancements and challenges in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease

Trends in Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Xinnaoxin capsule alleviates neuropathological changes and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer’s disease mouse model induced by D-galactose and aluminum chloride via reducing neuroinflammation and protecting synaptic proteins

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 119323 - 119323

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Affordable mRNA Novel Proteins, Recombinant Protein Conversions, and Biosimilars—Advice to Developers and Regulatory Agencies

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 97 - 97

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

mRNA technology can replace the expensive recombinant for every type of protein, making biological drugs more affordable. It also expedite entry new drugs, and copies approved products be treated as generic or biosimilar due to their chemical nature. The introduction hundreds protein have been blocked high cost development. low CAPEX OPEX associated with bring it within reach developing countries that are currently deprived life-saving drugs. In this paper, we advise developers introduce novel proteins switch manufacturing delivery, further regulatory authorities allow approval less testing. We anticipate will make such natural engineered proteins, monoclonal antibodies, vaccines, accessible billions patients worldwide.

Language: Английский

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A case of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with initial symptoms of cognitive impairment

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a type of that often ignored in the initial stages. Slight fever, fatigue and night sweats are common presentations, but cognitive decline rare. Case presentation: A 69-year-old patient with early-stage CLL presented rapid decline. The was taken by his wife to seek medical attention our hospital. In reports from other hospitals, Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE) score 10, Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA) zero since he could not cooperate. MRI revealed bilateral hippocampal atrophy. apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene test genotype e3/e4. blood also high leucocyte lymphocyte counts. Peripheral immunotyping subsequently performed, results abnormal monoclonal mature B cells. final diagnosis CLL. Discussion: To knowledge, memory loss rare primary phase However, we linked this patient’s impairment

Language: Английский

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An overview in interactions and biosensors of multiple biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 161121 - 161121

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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TBG096 Ameliorates Memory Deficiency in AD Mouse Model via Promoting Neurogenesis and Regulation of Hsc70/HK2/PKM2/LAMP2A Signaling Pathway

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 2804 - 2804

Published: March 20, 2025

In previous studies, we isolated a series of novel gentisides with nerve growth factor (NGF)-mimic activities from Gentiana rigescens Franch and conducted continuous structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies. Recently, lead compound named TBG096 was discovered significant NGF-mimic activity, low toxicity, ability to pass through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). At cell level, exerts activity by regulation heat-shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) downstream proteins. Subsequently, high-fat diet (HFD)-induced Alzheimer disease (AD) mouse models were used evaluate anti-AD efficacy compound. significantly improved memory dysfunction AD mice at doses 0.1, 5, 20 mg/kg, respectively. order elucidate mechanism action against AD, RNA-sequence analysis transcriptomics, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), immunofluorescence staining, Western blot performed using animal samples. increased expression Wnt gene family (Wnt10b, Wnt5a, Wnt1) number mature neurons newborn in hippocampus cerebral cortex mice, same time, it reduced microglia, astrocyte cells, inducible nitric oxide synthase (INOS) brain. Moreover, this phosphorylated-adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated kinase (AMPK), Hsc70, lysosomal-associated membrane 2a (LAMP2A) decreased hexokinase 2 (HK2), pyruvate M2 (PKM2), amyloid precursor (APP), microtubule-associated tau (Tau), phosphoryl-Tau, β-amyloid (Aβ) level. These results suggest that produced effect via promoting neurogenesis modification Hsc70/HK2/PKM2/LAMP2A signaling pathway, proposing potential approach counteracting cognitive decline developing small molecules promote Hsc70 pathway.

Language: Английский

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