Overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors

Parasites & Vectors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 31, 2022

Abstract This article presents an overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors. It first briefly summarises some the disease-causing pathogens vectored insects and emphasises need for innovative methods counter threat resistance both vector pesticides therapeutic drugs. Subsequently, state art is described, which particularly ingenious method currently under development in many important that could provide additional powerful tool use integrated pest programmes. The requirements recent advances technique are detailed given microorganisms selected genetic modification, effector molecules be expressed environmental spread transgenic bacteria into wild populations. results experimental models developed with triatomines, mosquitoes, sandflies tsetse flies analysed. Finally, regulatory safety rules satisfied successful release genetically engineered organisms produced considered. Graphical

Language: Английский

---

Different roles of host and habitat in determining the microbial communities of plant-feeding true bugs

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

The true bugs (Heteroptera) occupy nearly all of the known ecological niches insects. Among them, as a group containing more than 30,000 species, phytophagous are making increasing impacts on agricultural and forestry ecosystems. Previous studies proved that symbiotic bacteria play important roles in these insects fitting various habitats. However, it is still obscure about evolutionary patterns microorganisms whole with comprehensive taxon sampling.Here, order to explore between plant-feeding their microorganisms, 209 species belonging 32 families 9 superfamilies had been sampled, which covered major bugs. microbial communities were surveyed by full-length 16S rRNA gene ITS amplicons respectively for fungi using PacBio platform. We revealed hosts mainly affect dominant communities, while habitats generally influence subordinate ones. Thereafter, we carried out ancestral state reconstruction found dramatic replacements occurred early Cretaceous formed newly stable relationships accompanying radiation insect families. In contrast, be horizontally transmitted, makes fungal distinctive different but not significantly related hosts.Host habitat determine roles. bacterial both shaped host ways. Nevertheless, influenced host. These findings shed light general framework future microbiome research Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

---

Supergroup F Wolbachia with extremely reduced genome: transition to obligate insect symbionts

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Abstract Background Wolbachia belong to highly abundant bacteria which are frequently found in invertebrate microbiomes and manifest by a broad spectrum of lifestyles from parasitism mutualism. supergroup F is particularly interesting clade as it gave rise symbionts both arthropods nematodes, some its members obligate mutualists. Investigations on evolutionary transitions among the different symbiotic stages have been hampered lack known diversity genomic data for members. Results Based amplicon screening, short- long-read WGS approaches, laser confocal microscopy, we characterize five new strains four chewing lice species. These reached represent two remarkably types symbiont genomes. Three genomes resemble other supergroup, while show typical signs ongoing gene inactivation removal (genome size, coding density, low number pseudogenes). Particularly, w Meur1, fixed Menacanthus eurysternus across continents, possesses reduced genome 733,850 bp. The horizontally acquired capacity pantothenate synthesis localization specialized bacteriocytes suggest nutritional role. Conclusions Meur1 strain, M. microbiome, represents smallest currently first example has completed streamlining symbionts. This points out that despite large amount great strains, potential these still remains underexplored. indicates this vast parasitic group may provide suitable models further investigations.

Language: Английский

---

Tissue-specific diversity of bacterial endophytes in Mexican husk tomato plants (Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Horm.), and screening for their multiple plant growth-promoting activities

Current Research in Microbial Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100028 - 100028

Published: March 18, 2021

The endophytic bacterial diversity of root, stem, and leaf tissues Mexican husk tomato plants (Physalis ixocarpa) was compared deciphered, screened for their plant growth-promoting activity antagonism against fungal phytopathogens. Total 315 isolates (108 roots, 102 stems, 105 leaves) were obtained characterized by 16S ribosomal gene sequencing. most abundant genera Bacillus, Microbacterium, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas. Unique species found each tissue analyzed, along with B. thuringiensis, toyonensis, Neobacillus drentensis, Paenibacillus castaneae, P. fluorescens, poae, S. maltophilia present throughout the plant. Biodiversity indices did not show significant differences, but root showed highest abundance endophytes. Several excellent promotion activities in Physalis ixocarpa seedlings, increasing length weight total biomass, chlorophyll content. Various also exhibited pathogens. Among isolates, drentensis CH23 all compartments, exhibiting antagonism. Strain other endophytes production indoleacetic acid, siderophores, proteases, solubilization phosphates. These results demonstrate that endobiome has a high potential as bioinoculating agent agriculturally important crops.

Language: Английский

---

Crosstalk between the microbiota and insect postembryonic development

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 181 - 196

Published: Sept. 24, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Exposure to Trypanosoma parasites induces changes in the microbiome of the Chagas disease vector Rhodnius prolixus

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: March 10, 2022

Abstract Background The causative agent of Chagas disease, Trypanosoma cruzi , and its nonpathogenic relative, rangeli are transmitted by haematophagous triatomines undergo a crucial ontogenetic phase in the insect’s intestine. In process, parasites interfere with host immune system as well microbiome present digestive tract potentially establishing an environment advantageous for development. However, coherent interactions between host, pathogen microbiota have not yet been elucidated detail. We applied metagenome shotgun sequencing approach to study alterations Rhodnius prolixus major vector after exposure T. focusing also on functional capacities intestinal insect. Results R. was dominated bacterial orders Enterobacterales Corynebacteriales Lactobacillales Clostridiales Chlamydiales whereas latter conceivably originated from blood used exposure. anterior posterior midgut samples exposed insects showed reduced overall number organisms compared control group. we found enriched groups T . While relative abundance decreased considerably, mainly composed genus Enterococcus developed most abundant taxonomic This applies particular vectors challenged at early timepoints Furthermore, were able reconstruct four metagenome-assembled genomes elucidate their unique metabolic functionalities within triatomine microbiome, including genome recently described insect symbiont, Candidatus Symbiopectobacterium secondary metabolites producing bacteria Kocuria spp. Conclusions Our results facilitate deeper understanding processes that take place during colonisation trypanosomal highlight influential aspects pathogen-microbiota interactions. particular, mostly unexplored vector’s clearer, underlining role transmission disease.

Language: Английский

---

Species Identity Dominates over Environment in Driving Bacterial Community Assembly in Wild Invasive Leaf Miners

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(2)

Published: March 28, 2022

The microbiota of invasive animal species may be pivotal to their adaptation and spread, yet the processes driving assembly potential sources host-microbiota remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized four Liriomyza leaf miner fly totaling 310 individuals across 43 geographical populations in China assessed whether wild was acquired from soil or host plant microbiota, using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing. Bacterial communities differed significantly among but did not mirror phylogeny. Microbiota diversity native L. chinensis higher than three miners (i.e., trifolii, huidobrensis, sativae), microbial community exhibited a more connected complex network structure. Structural equation models revealed that identity important environmental factors (e.g., geography, climate, plants) shaping composition. Using neutral null model analyses, found deterministic like variable selection played primary role assembly, with some influence by stochastic drift. relative degree these governing likely correlated independent either climatic factors. Finally, source tracking analysis showed might acquire microbes rather soil. Our results provide robust assessment ecological bacterial miners. IMPORTANCE invasion foreign species, including miners, is major threat world biota. Host-associated facilitate adaption expansion variety ways. Thus, understanding drive imperative for better management species. However, how assemble during invasions predictable unexplored. This work quantitatively deciphers importance process microbiotas identifies miner-colonizing soil-plant-leaf continuum. study provides new insights into mechanisms underlying assembly.

Language: Английский

---

Highly abundant bacteria in the gut of Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) can inhibit the growth of Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastea: Trypanosomatidae)

Journal of Medical Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 61(6), P. 1333 - 1344

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

Abstract Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is a zoonosis primarily found in rural areas of Latin America. It considered neglected tropical and Triatoma dimidiata main vector parasite Central Despite efforts, disease continues to be public health concern, control remains primary tool reduce transmission. In this study, we tested hypothesis that highly abundant bacteria gut T. inhibit growth cruzi. To achieve this, bacterial diversity specimens from Costa Rica was characterized metabarcoding 16S rRNA, microbial isolation performed, effect freeze-dried supernatants isolates on cruzi investigated. Metabarcoding showed most genera were Corynebacterium, Tsukamurella, Brevibacterium, Staphylococcus. Barcoding sequences comparison confirmed 8 30 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) isolated, 2 them an inhibitory epimastigotes. These correspond Tsukamurella which respectively second sixth ASVs dimidiata. Notably, only isolate Brevibacterium significant difference inhibition against epimastigotes both strains tested. findings suggest microbiota may play active role modulating development.

Language: Английский

---

A new symbiotic lineage related to Neisseria and Snodgrassella arises from the dynamic and diverse microbiomes in sucking lice

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(9), P. 2178 - 2196

Published: Feb. 27, 2021

Abstract The phylogenetic diversity of symbiotic bacteria in sucking lice suggests that have a complex history symbiont acquisition, loss, and replacement throughout their evolution. These processes resulted the establishment different, phylogenetically distant as obligate mutualists different louse groups. By combining metagenomics amplicon screening across several populations three species (members genera Polyplax Hoplopleura ) we describe novel lineage related to Neisseria Snodgrassella , show its independent origin two genera. While genomes these symbionts are highly similar, respective distributions status within microbiomes indicate they functions history. In acanthopus Neisseriaceae‐related bacterium is dominant present host populations. contrast, dominated by Legionella polyplacis with co‐occurring only some samples much lower abundance. results thus support view compared other exclusively blood feeding insects, Anoplura possess unique capacity acquire from diverse groups bacteria.

Language: Английский

---

Microbiome Structure of a Wild Drosophila Community along Tropical Elevational Gradients and Comparison to Laboratory Lines

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89(5)

Published: May 8, 2023

Bacteria form microbial communities inside most higher-level organisms, but we know little about how the microbiome varies along environmental gradients and between natural host populations laboratory colonies. To explore such effects on insect-associated microbiomes, studied gut in four Drosophila species over two mountain tropical Australia.

Language: Английский

---