Big-data approaches lead to an increased understanding of the ecology of animal movement

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 375(6582)

Published: Feb. 17, 2022

Understanding animal movement is essential to elucidate how animals interact, survive, and thrive in a changing world. Recent technological advances data collection management have transformed our understanding of "movement ecology" (the integrated study organismal movement), creating big-data discipline that benefits from rapid, cost-effective generation large amounts on movements the wild. These high-throughput wildlife tracking systems now allow more thorough investigation variation among individuals species across space time, nature biological interactions, behavioral responses environment. Movement ecology rapidly expanding scientific frontiers through interdisciplinary collaborative frameworks, providing improved opportunities for conservation insights into wild animals, their causes consequences.

Language: Английский

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A guide for studying among-individual behavioral variation from movement data in the wild

Movement Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: June 29, 2020

Animal tracking and biologging devices record large amounts of data on individual movement behaviors in natural environments. In these data, ecologists often view unexplained variation around the mean as "noise" when studying patterns at population level. field behavioral ecology, however, focus has shifted from means to biological underpinnings means. Specifically, use repeated measures behavior partition variability into intrinsic among-individual reversible plasticity quantify: a) types (i.e. different average expression), b) responsiveness individuals environmental gradients), c) predictability residual within-individual mean), d) correlations among components suites behaviors, called 'behavioral syndromes'. We here suggest that partitioning animal movements will further integration ecology with other fields ecology. provide a literature review illustrating differences are insightful for wildlife conservation studies give recommendations regarding required addressing such questions. accompanying R tutorial we guide statistical approaches quantifying aspects variation. 35 African elephants show differ their three common rate which they adjusted over temporal gradient, (ranging more less predictable individuals). Finally, two were correlated syndrome (d), farther moving having shorter residence times. Though not explicitly tested here, can affect an individual's risk be hunted or poached could therefore open new avenues biologists assess viability. hope this review, tutorial, worked example encourage examine biology hidden behind mean.

Language: Английский

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A review of the global climate change impacts, adaptation strategies, and mitigation options in the socio-economic and environmental sectors

Journal of Environmental Science and Economics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(3), P. 36 - 58

Published: Sept. 17, 2023

Climate change causes long-term weather changes from the tropics to polls. It is a global threat that strains several sectors. The present study conducts review analysis theoretically explores how climatic variability degrading sector sustainability. Due irreversible variations, agricultural particularly vulnerable. In turn, it disrupting worldwide consumption patterns, especially in countries where agriculture central their economy and productivity. shifting optimum temperature ranges, climate also increasing biodiversity loss through modifying ecosystem architecture. increases risk of food, water, vector-borne diseases. Antimicrobial resistance, which developing due resistant pathogenic infections, accelerated by change. hurts forestry tourism business. This examines socio-economic environmental mitigation adaptation strategies economic consequences. According findings, knotted answerability resources laws created past generate progressive policy need government involvement for development. Thus, addressing change's dire consequences demands cooperation maintain world survival.

Language: Английский

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Behavioural ecology at the spatial–social interface

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(3), P. 868 - 886

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

ABSTRACT Spatial and social behaviour are fundamental aspects of an animal's biology, their spatial environments indelibly linked through mutual causes shared consequences. We define the ‘spatial–social interface’ as intersection individuals' phenotypes environments. Behavioural variation at spatial–social interface has implications for ecological evolutionary processes including pathogen transmission, population dynamics, evolution systems. link a foundation theory, vocabulary, methods. provide examples future directions integration introduce key concepts approaches that either implicitly or explicitly integrate processes, example, graph density‐dependent habitat selection, niche specialization. Finally, we discuss how movement ecology helps interface. Our review integrates behavioural identifies testable hypotheses

Language: Английский

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Quantifying the movement, behaviour and environmental context of group‐living animals using drones and computer vision

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92(7), P. 1357 - 1371

Published: March 21, 2023

Abstract Methods for collecting animal behaviour data in natural environments, such as direct observation and biologging, are typically limited spatiotemporal resolution, the number of animals that can be observed information about animals' social physical environments. Video imagery capture rich their but image‐based approaches often impractical due to challenges processing large complex multi‐image datasets transforming resulting data, locations, into geographical coordinates. We demonstrate a new system studying wild uses drone‐recorded videos computer vision automatically track location body posture free‐roaming georeferenced coordinates with high resolution embedded contemporaneous 3D landscape models surrounding area. provide two worked examples which we apply this approach gelada monkeys multiple species group‐living African ungulates. how simultaneously, classify individuals by age–sex class, estimate individuals' postures (poses) extract environmental features, including topography trails. By quantifying movement while reconstructing detailed model landscape, our opens door sensory ecology decision‐making within

Language: Английский

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Human Footprint and Forest Disturbance Reduce Space Use of Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) Across Europe

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Three‐quarters of the planet's land surface has been altered by humans, with consequences for animal ecology, movements and related ecosystem functioning. Species often occupy wide geographical ranges contrasting human disturbance environmental conditions, yet, limited data availability across species' constrained our understanding how pressure resource jointly shape intraspecific variation space use. Leveraging a unique dataset 758 annual GPS movement trajectories from 375 brown bears ( Ursus arctos ) range in Europe, we investigated effects (i.e., footprint index), predictability, forest cover disturbance, area‐based conservation measures on bear We quantified use at different spatiotemporal scales during growing season (May–September): home size; representing general requirements, 10‐day long‐distance displacement distances, routine 1‐day distances. found large all scales, which was profoundly affected index, vegetation productivity, recent disturbances creating opportunity pulses. Bears occupied smaller moved less more anthropized landscapes areas higher predictability. Forest reduced while contiguous promoted longer daily movements. The amount strictly protected roadless within too small to affect Anthropized may hinder expansion isolated populations, such as Apennine Pyrenean, obstruct population connectivity, example between Dinaric Pindos Alpine or Carpathian population. Our findings call actions maintain high footprint, maintaining integrity, support viable populations their functions.

Language: Английский

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The movement ecology of fishes

Journal of Fish Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 101(4), P. 756 - 779

Published: July 5, 2022

Abstract Movement of fishes in the aquatic realm is fundamental to their ecology and survival. can be driven by a variety biological, physiological environmental factors occurring across all spatial temporal scales. The intrinsic capacity movement impact fish individually ( e.g. , foraging) with potential knock‐on effects throughout ecosystem food web dynamics) has garnered considerable interest field ecology. advancement technology recent decades, combination ever‐growing threats freshwater marine systems, further spurred empirical research theoretical considerations. Given rapid expansion within its significant role informing management conservation efforts, contemporary multidisciplinary review about various components influencing outstanding. Using an established conceptual framework for as guide i.e. Nathan et al. 2008: 19052), we synthesized individual that affect fishes. Specifically, internal energy acquisition, endocrinology, homeostasis) external (biotic abiotic) elements are discussed, well different processes influence individual‐level (or population) decisions, such navigation cues, motion capacity, propagation characteristics group behaviours. In addition drivers factors, also explored how associated strategies help survival optimizing other biological states. Next, identified increasingly being incorporated into highlighting inherent benefits spatio‐temporal behaviour imbues policy, regulatory, remediation planning. Finally, considered future evaluating ongoing technological innovations both challenges opportunities these advancements create scientists managers. As ecosystems continue face alarming climate (and human‐driven) issues animal movements, comprehensive assessment will instrumental developing plans promote sustainability measures resources.

Language: Английский

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Behavioral plasticity can facilitate evolution in urban environments

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(12), P. 1092 - 1103

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Large‐scale movement patterns in a social vulture are influenced by seasonality, sex, and breeding region

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2023

Quantifying space use and segregation, as well the extrinsic intrinsic factors affecting them, is crucial to increase our knowledge of species-specific movement ecology design effective management conservation measures. This particularly relevant in case species that are highly mobile dependent on sparse unpredictable trophic resources, such vultures. Here, we used GPS-tagged data 127 adult Griffon Vultures Gyps fulvus captured at five different breeding regions Spain describe patterns (home-range size fidelity, monthly cumulative distance). We also examined how individual sex, season, region determined distance traveled overlap between consecutive home-ranges. Overall, exhibited very large annual home-range sizes 5027 ± 2123 km2, mean distances 1776 1497 km, showed a fidelity 67.8 25.5%. However, individuals from northern smaller home-ranges shorter than those southern ones. In all cases, were larger spring summer winter autumn, which could be related difference flying conditions food requirements associated with reproduction. Moreover, females less males, indicating latter tended similar areas throughout year. results indicate both modulate Vulture spatial segregation depends sex season level, without differences site fidelity. These have important implications for conservation, identifying key threat necessary improve actions policy decisions.Cuantificar el uso y la segregación del espacio, así como los factores extrínsecos e intrínsecos que afectan, es para aumentar nuestro conocimiento de ecología movimientos cada especie diseñar medidas eficaces gestión conservación. Esto especialmente relevante en caso especies con gran movilidad dependientes recursos tróficos escasos impredecibles, son buitres. En este trabajo se utilizaron datos GPS buitres leonados adultos capturados cinco regiones cría diferentes España describir patrones movimiento (tamaño fidelidad área campeo distancia acumulada mensual). También examinamos cómo sexo, estación año región determinaban recorrida tamaño solapamiento entre áreas mensuales consecutivas. conjunto, mostraron un anual muy extensa una mensual media km al Sin embargo, individuos las más septentrionales pequeñas recorrieron distancias cortas meridionales. todos casos, fueron mayores primavera verano otoño invierno, lo podría estar relacionado diferencias condiciones vuelo necesidades tróficas asociadas reproducción. Además, hembras menor machos, indica estos últimos tienden utilizar zonas similares durante todo año. nuestros resultados indican tanto modulan buitre leonado espacial depende sexo nivel individual, sin existan relevantes cuanto lugar. Estos podrían tener importantes implicaciones conservación, identificación principales necesarios mejorar decisiones políticas.

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Impact of climate warming on vegetation cover: positive effects of native artiodactyla vs. grazing pressure in Alborz Protected Area

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Introduction Climate warming, combined with grazing pressures, poses significant challenges to vegetation cover and ecosystem stability. In particular, livestock is a primary factor in degradation, adversely affecting plant diversity, soil health, key ecological interactions. Methods This study investigates the impact of on Alborz region Iran, focusing comparison between native herbivores (Artiodactyla) Central Protected Area (CAPA). We utilized 30 years NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data from May June (1994–2024) assess dynamics evaluate influence climate grazing. ANOVA, Pearson correlation, regression analyses were performed identify relationships cover, variables (temperature rainfall), intensity. Results show increase Golestanak (without livestock) exhibiting stronger positive response (R ² = 65%), while Zānoos (higher density) showed greater variability 58%). demonstrated more correlation temperature rainfall, reflecting resilience climatic stressors beneficial effect moderate by Artiodactyla. contrast, fluctuation trends due high pressure. Discussion highlights that warming can positively affect intensive impede these gains, underlining importance adaptive management strategies for maintaining health.

Language: Английский

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