Plant Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis and Transcriptional Regulation in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stress Conditions

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 968 - 968

Published: May 13, 2021

Plant secondary metabolites (SMs) play important roles in plant survival and creating ecological connections between other species. In addition to providing a variety of valuable natural products, help protect plants against pathogenic attacks environmental stresses. Given their sessile nature, must themselves from such situations through accumulation these bioactive compounds. Indeed, act as herbivore deterrents, barriers pathogen invasion, mitigators oxidative stress. The SMs are highly dependent on factors light, temperature, soil water, fertility, salinity. For most plants, change an individual factor can alter the content even if remain constant. this review, we focus how affect during both biotic abiotic stress conditions. Furthermore, discuss application elicitors culture systems well stimulating effects metabolites. Specifically, shikimate pathway aromatic amino acids produced pathway, which precursors range including terpenoids, alkaloids, sulfur- nitrogen-containing We also detail biosynthesis is altered by several genes related metabolite pathways. Genes responsible for various species conditions regulated transcriptional WRKY, MYB, AP2/ERF, bZIP, bHLH, NAC, discussed here.

Language: Английский

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Drought and Salinity Stress Responses and Microbe-Induced Tolerance in Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 13, 2020

Drought and salinity are among the most important environmental factors that hampered agricultural productivity worldwide. Both stresses can induce several morphological, physiological, biochemical, metabolic alterations through various mechanisms, eventually influencing plant growth, development, productivity. The responses of plants to these stress conditions highly complex depend on other factors, such as species genotype, age size, rate progression well intensity duration stresses. These have a strong effect response define whether mitigation processes related acclimation will occur or not. In this review, we summarize how drought extensively affect growth in agriculture ecosystems. particular, focus Moreover, discuss mechanisms underlying plant-microbe interactions confer abiotic tolerance.

Language: Английский

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Linking Plant Secondary Metabolites and Plant Microbiomes: A Review

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 2, 2021

Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) play many roles including defense against pathogens, pests, and herbivores; response to environmental stresses, mediating organismal interactions. Similarly, plant microbiomes participate in of the above-mentioned processes directly or indirectly by regulating metabolism. Studies have shown that plants can influence their microbiome secreting various and, turn, may also impact metabolome host plant. However, not much is known about communications between interacting partners phenotypic changes. In this article, we review patterns potential underlying mechanisms interactions PSMs microbiomes. We describe recent developments analytical approaches methods field. The applications these new increased our understanding relationships Though current studies primarily focused on model organisms, results obtained so far should help future agriculturally important facilitate development manipulate PSMs–microbiome with predictive outcomes for sustainable crop productions.

Language: Английский

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Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway in Response to Abiotic Stresses in Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. 621 - 621

Published: Jan. 17, 2020

Plants as immovable organisms sense the stressors in their environment and respond to them by means of dedicated stress response pathways. In stress, jasmonates (jasmonic acid, its precursors derivatives), a class polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived phytohormones, play crucial roles several biotic abiotic stresses. As major immunity hormone, participate numerous signal transduction pathways, including those gene networks, regulatory proteins, signaling intermediates, enzymes, molecules that act protect cells from toxic effects cellular hubs for integrating informational cues environment, significant alleviating salt drought heavy metal toxicity, micronutrient freezing ozone CO2 light stress. Besides these, are involved developmental physiological processes throughout plant life. this review, we discuss biosynthesis pathways JAs these responses

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between phytohormones and secondary metabolites in the drought stress tolerance of crop plants: A review

Physiologia Plantarum, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 172(2), P. 1106 - 1132

Published: Jan. 14, 2021

Drought stress negatively affects crop performance and weakens global food security. It triggers the activation of downstream pathways, mainly through phytohormones homeostasis their signaling networks, which further initiate biosynthesis secondary metabolites (SMs). Roots sense drought stress, signal travels to above-ground tissues induce systemic signaling. The signals trigger SMs stomatal closure prevent water loss. primarily scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) protect plants from lipid peroxidation also perform additional defense-related functions. Moreover, drought-induced volatile can alert plant mitigating functions in plants. Other phytohormone-induced responses include cell wall cuticle thickening, root leaf morphology alteration, anatomical changes roots, stems, leaves, turn minimize oxidative loss, other adverse effects drought. Exogenous applications genetic engineering pathways mitigate effects. Direct modulation biosynthetic pathway genes or indirect via phytohormones' regulation provides tolerance. Thus, play key roles development under environment

Language: Английский

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Plant Secondary Metabolites Produced in Response to Abiotic Stresses Has Potential Application in Pharmaceutical Product Development

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(1), P. 313 - 313

Published: Jan. 5, 2022

Plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) are vital for human health and constitute the skeletal framework of many pharmaceutical drugs. Indeed, more than 25% existing drugs belong to PSMs. One continuing challenges drug discovery industries is gaining access natural products, including medicinal plants. This bottleneck heightened endangered species prohibited large sample collection, even if they show biological hits. While cultivating pharmaceutically interesting plant may be a solution, it not always possible grow organism outside its habitat. Plants affected by abiotic stress present potential alternative source discovery. In order overcome environmental stressors, plants mount defense response producing diversity PSMs avoid cells tissue damage. either synthesize new chemicals or increase concentration (in most instances) chemicals, prominent bioactive lead compounds morphine, camptothecin, catharanthine, epicatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, resveratrol, kaempferol. Most produced under various conditions functionally anti-inflammatory antioxidative. The major PSM groups terpenoids, followed alkaloids phenolic compounds. We have searched literature on (primarily studied in simulated growth conditions) their (including pharmacological activities) from PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE Ovid, Google Scholar, Databases, journal websites. used search keywords: “stress-affected plants,” “plant metabolites, “abiotic stress,” “climatic influence,” “pharmacological activities,” “bioactive compounds,” “drug discovery,” “medicinal plants” retrieved published between 1973 2021. review provides an overview variation phytochemical production biodiscovery therapeutic excluded studies effects biotic

Language: Английский

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Synthesis, characterization and advanced sustainable applications of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: A review

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 212, P. 111978 - 111978

Published: Feb. 7, 2021

Nanotechnology is capturing great interest worldwide due to their stirring applications in various fields. Among nanoparticles (NPs), titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs have been widely used daily life and can be synthesized through physical, chemical, green methods. Green synthesis a non-toxic, cost-effective, eco-friendly route for the of NPs. Plenty work has reported on green, physical biological TiO2 these characterized high tech. instruments. In present review, dense data presented comparative with different characteristics wide range applications. techniques, methods proven efficient than chemical because less use precursors, time-effectiveness, energy-efficiency during procedures. Moreover, this review describes types plants (shrubs, herbs trees), microorganisms (bacteria, fungi algae), derivatives (proteins, peptides, starches) employed The effectively treatment polluted water positively affected plant physiology especially under abiotic stresses but response varied types, size, shapes, doses, duration exposure, metal species along other factors. This also highlights regulating features future standpoints measurable enrichment product perspectives reliable application.

Language: Английский

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Recent developments on solid-state fermentation for production of microbial secondary metabolites: Challenges and solutions

Bioresource Technology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 323, P. 124566 - 124566

Published: Dec. 19, 2020

Language: Английский

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Seed Priming: A Feasible Strategy to Enhance Drought Tolerance in Crop Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(21), P. 8258 - 8258

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

Drought is a serious threat to the farming community, biasing crop productivity in arid and semi-arid regions of world. adversely affects seed germination, plant growth, development via non-normal physiological processes. Plants generally acclimatize drought stress through various tolerance mechanisms, but changes global climate modern agricultural systems have further worsened productivity. In order increase production productivity, several strategies such as breeding tolerant varieties exogenous application growth regulators, osmoprotectants, mineral nutrients are followed mitigate effects stress. Nevertheless, complex nature makes these ineffective benefiting community. Seed priming an alternative, low-cost, feasible technique, which can improve enhanced advanced germination. Primed seeds retain memory previous enable protection against oxidative earlier activation cellular defense mechanism, reduced imbibition time, upsurge germination promoters, osmotic regulation. However, better understanding metabolic events during treatment needed use this technology more efficient way. Interestingly, review highlights morphological, physiological, biochemical, molecular responses for enhancing plants. Furthermore, challenges opportunities associated with methods also addressed side-by-side simple cost-efficient technique manner.

Language: Английский

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Biochemistry of Terpenes and Recent Advances in Plant Protection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(11), P. 5710 - 5710

Published: May 27, 2021

Biodiversity is adversely affected by the growing levels of synthetic chemicals released into environment due to agricultural activities. This has been driving force for embracing sustainable agriculture. Plant secondary metabolites offer promising alternatives protecting plants against microbes, feeding herbivores, and weeds. Terpenes are largest among PSMs have extensively studied their potential as antimicrobial, insecticidal, weed control agents. They also attract natural enemies pests beneficial insects, such pollinators dispersers. However, most these research findings shelved fail pass beyond laboratory greenhouse stages. review provides an overview terpenes, types, biosynthesis, roles in microbial pathogens, insect pests, weeds rekindle debate on using terpenes development environmentally friendly biopesticides herbicides.

Language: Английский

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