Exosome isolation and characterization for advanced diagnostic and therapeutic applications

Materials Today Bio, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31, P. 101613 - 101613

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mechanism of lactic acidemia-promoted pulmonary endothelial cells death in sepsis: role for CIRP-ZBP1-PANoptosis pathway

Military Medical Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Oct. 28, 2024

Abstract Background Sepsis is often accompanied by lactic acidemia and acute lung injury (ALI). Clinical studies have established that high serum lactate levels are associated with increased mortality rates in septic patients. We further observed a significant correlation between the of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) plasma bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well levels, severity post-sepsis ALI. The underlying mechanism, however, remains elusive. Methods C57BL/6 wild type (WT), Casp8 −/− , Ripk3 Zbp1 mice were subjected to cecal ligation puncture (CLP) sepsis model. In this model, we measured intra-macrophage CIRP lactylation subsequent release CIRP. also tracked internalization extracellular (eCIRP) pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (PVECs) its interaction Z-DNA binding 1 (ZBP1). Furthermore, monitored changes ZBP1 PVECs consequent activation cell death pathways. Results current study, demonstrate lactate, accumulating during sepsis, promotes macrophages, leading Once eCIRP internalized PVEC through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated endocytosis pathway, it competitively binds effectively blocks tripartite motif containing 32 (TRIM32), an E3 ubiquitin ligase targeting for proteasomal degradation. This interference mechanism stabilizes ZBP1, thereby enhancing ZBP1-receptor-interacting kinase 3 (RIPK3)-dependent PANoptosis, form involving simultaneous multiple pathways, exacerbating Conclusions These findings unveil novel pathway which macrophage-derived release, which, turn, mediates ZBP1-dependent PANoptosis sepsis-induced finding offers new insights into molecular mechanisms driving sepsis-related complications provides potential therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the role of exosomal long non-coding RNAs in drug resistance within female reproductive system cancers

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Exosomes, as key mediators of intercellular communication, have been increasingly recognized for their role in the oncogenic processes, particularly facilitating drug resistance. This article delves into emerging evidence linking exosomal lncRNAs to modulation resistance mechanisms cancers such ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancer. It synthesizes current research findings on how these influence cancer cell survival, tumor microenvironment, chemotherapy efficacy. Additionally, review highlights potential therapeutic strategies targeting lncRNAs, proposing a new frontier overcoming By mapping interface resistance, this aims provide comprehensive understanding that could pave way innovative treatments improved patient outcomes female reproductive system cancers.

Language: Английский

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Roles and Therapeutic Targeting of Exosomes in Sepsis‐Induced Cardiomyopathy

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 29(8)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Sepsis‐induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is a complex and fatal manifestation of sepsis, characterised by myocardial dysfunction that exacerbates the clinical prognosis in septic patients. While pathophysiology SICM remains incompletely understood, emerging evidence highlights multifaceted functions exosomes, small membrane‐bound extracellular vesicles, mediating inflammatory responses cardiac involved this condition. During exosomes are secreted various cells, such as cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells macrophages, which serve critical messengers, transferring proteins, lipids RNA molecules influence recipient thus affecting cellular disease progression. This review summarises basics focuses on exosome‐mediated mechanisms SICM, including their role inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury, offering novel insights into exosome‐based therapeutic strategies SICM.

Language: Английский

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Skin Telocytes Could Fundament the Cellular Mechanisms of Wound Healing in Platelet-Rich Plasma Administration

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(16), P. 1321 - 1321

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

For more than 40 years, autologous platelet concentrates have been used in clinical medicine. Since the first formula used, namely platelet-rich plasma (PRP), other experimented with, including fibrin and concentrated growth factor. Platelet three standard characteristics: they act as scaffolds, serve a source of factors cytokines, contain live cells. PRP has become extensively regenerative medicine for successful treatment variety (non-)dermatological conditions like alopecies, acne scars, skin burns, ulcers, muscle, cartilage, bone repair, an adjuvant post-surgery wound healing, with obvious benefits terms functionality aesthetic recovery affected tissues/organs. These indications were well documented, large amount evidence already published supporting efficacy this method. The primordial principle behind minimally invasive treatments is usage patient’s own platelets. transplantation thrombocytes are significant, representing fast economic method that requires only basic equipment training, it biocompatible, thus being low risk patient (infection immunological reactions can be virtually disregarded). Usually, structural applying attributed to fibroblasts only, considered most numerous cell population within interstitium. However, apparent simplistic explanation still eluding those different types interstitial cells (distinct from fibroblasts) residing stromal tissue, e.g., telocytes (TCs). Moreover, dermal TCs documented potential angiogenesis (extra-cutaneous, but also skin), their implication few dermatological was attested described ultrastructurally immunophenotypically. Interestingly, biochemically consists series factors, molecules, which proven positive expression. Thus, attractive hypothesize document any tissular collaboration between cutaneous administered local recovery/repair/regeneration. Therefore, could perceived missing link necessary provide solid good results achieved by administering skin-repairing processes.

Language: Английский

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Macrophages in sepsis-induced acute lung injury: exosomal modulation and therapeutic potential

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remains a leading cause of mortality in critically ill patients. Macrophages, key modulators immune responses, play dual role both promoting and resolving inflammation. Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles released by various cells, carry bioactive molecules that influence macrophage polarization responses. Emerging researchers have identified exosomes as crucial mediators modulate activity during sepsis-induced ALI. This review explores the modulating functions, focusing on cellular interactions within microenvironment their potential therapeutic targets. It highlights regulation macrophages derived from pathogenic germs, neutrophils, alveolar epithelial mesenchymal stromal cells. By understanding these mechanisms, it aims to uncover innovative strategies for

Language: Английский

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Pathogenic and therapeutic roles of extracellular vesicles in sepsis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Sepsis is a systemic injury resulting in vascular dysfunction, which can lead to multiple organ even shock and death. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by mammalian cells bacteria have been shown play important roles intercellular communication progression of various diseases. In past decades, the functional role EVs sepsis its complications has well explored. are one paracrine components cells. By delivering bioactive materials, promote immune responses, particularly development inflammation. addition, serve as beneficial tools for therapeutic cargos. this review, we discuss dual treatment sepsis, exploring their intricate involvement both inflammation tissue repair processes. Specifically, remarkable engineered strategies based on highlighted. The engineering EVs-mediated drug delivery release offer broad prospects effective sepsis. EVs-based approaches provide novel avenue diagnosing opportunities more precise intervention.

Language: Английский

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Plasma Exosomal circRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Patients with Septic Shock‐Induced Acute Kidney Injury

Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

ABSTRACT Sepsis‐induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is marked by high mortality and poor prognosis. Recent studies suggest that exosomal circRNAs regulate key pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, processes central to sepsis‐induced AKI. This study investigates the differential expression of their functional implications pathogenesis Patients with AKI healthy volunteers were recruited for research. Whole blood samples collected, exosomes isolated characterized through particle detection, transmission electron microscopy, Western blot marker proteins. Real‐time PCR was used analyze , including circ‐Fryl circ‐TLK1 circ‐PTK2 circ‐Ttc3 circ‐VMA21 circ_0091702 . Additionally, assays performed assess cell proliferation, uptake HK‐2 cells exposed from both control samples. Seven patients six individuals enrolled. Exosomal protein markers analyzed plasma groups. Exosomes group (mean diameter: 146.1 nm) 150.9 exhibited a characteristic spherical morphology. Plasma levels ( p < 0.05), 0.01), 0.01) notably lower relative group. showed upregulation downregulation Following exposure exosomes, viability decreased while apoptosis increased. such as hold potential candidate biomarkers therapeutic targets

Language: Английский

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Exosomes-based Therapeutics in Dermatology

Biomaterials Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 29

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Exosomes (Exos) are tiny extracellular vesicles containing a variety of active biomolecules that play important parts in intercellular communication and influence the functions target cells. The potential Exos treatment dermatological diseases has recently been well appreciated. This review highlights constituents, function, delivery Exos, with particular focus on their applications skin therapy. Firstly, we offer concise overview biochemical properties including sources, structures, internal constituents. Subsequently, biomedical latest advances extraction purification summarized. We further discuss modes underscore biomaterials this regard. Finally, summarize application Exo-aided therapy dermatology. Overall, objective is to provide comprehensive perspective recent advancements Exo-based approaches treating diseases, intention guiding future research efforts.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes and MicroRNAs: key modulators of macrophage polarization in sepsis pathophysiology

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: April 17, 2025

Sepsis is a highly dangerous and complex condition that can result in death. It characterized by strong reaction to an infection, causing dysfunction multiple bodily systems high risk of mortality. The transformation macrophages vital stage the procedure as they possess capability interchange between two separate types: M1, which promotes inflammation, M2, inhibits inflammation. choice greatly affects immune response host. This analysis underscores rapidly expanding roles exosomes microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating trajectory macrophage polarization during episodes sepsis. Exosomes, extremely small extracellular vesicles, facilitate cellular communication transferring biologically active compounds, including miRNAs, proteins, lipids. We investigate impact changes exosome production composition caused sepsis on function. Unique present play significant role controlling crucial signaling pathways govern phenotype macrophages. Through thorough examination recent progress this area, we clarify ways miRNAs derived from either aggravate or alleviate inflammatory reactions occur revelation not only deepens our comprehension underlying mechanisms sepsis, but it also reveals potential new biomarkers targets for treatment. assessment aims amalgamate diverse research investigations propose avenues future influence have body's These entities are essential host's hold important functions mechanism.

Language: Английский

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