Manipulating the microbiome alters regenerative outcomes inXenopus laevistadpoles via lipopolysaccharide signalling DOI Creative Commons
P. A. Chapman,

Campbell B. Gilbert,

Thomas J. Devine

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 10, 2021

ABSTRACT Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate functional tails, containing spinal cord, notochord, muscle, fin, blood vessels and nerves, except for a brief refractory period at around one week of age. At this stage, amputation the tadpole’s tail may either result in scarless wound healing, or activation regeneration programme, which replaces lost tissues. We recently demonstrated link between bacterial lipopolysaccharides successful stage tadpoles, proposed that could from binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Here, we have used 16S rRNA sequencing show tadpole skin microbiome is highly variable sibships community be altered by raising embryos antibiotic gentamicin. Six gram-negative genera, including Delftia Chryseobacterium , were over-represented underwent regeneration. Lipopolysaccharides purified commensal spp. XDS4 an exogenous spp . Escherichia coli significantly increase number antibiotic-raised attempted Conversely, quality was impaired native-raised exposed antagonistic lipopolysaccharide Rhodobacter sphaeroides Editing TLR4 using CRISPR/Cas9 also reduced quality, but not quantity, level cohort. However, found editing individual poor predictor regenerative outcome. In conclusion, our results suggest depends least part on signalling, signalling via cannot account all effect.

Language: Английский

The adaptive microbiome hypothesis and immune interactions in amphibian mucus DOI Creative Commons
Douglas C. Woodhams,

Julia A. McCartney,

Jenifer B. Walke

et al.

Developmental & Comparative Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 104690 - 104690

Published: March 29, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

34
From the organismal to biosphere levels: environmental impacts on the amphibian microbiota DOI Open Access
Obed Hernández‐Gómez, Jessica Hua

FEMS Microbiology Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 47(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Abstract This review summarizes the role of environmental factors on amphibian microbiotas at organismal, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere levels. At organismal-level, tissue source, disease status, experimental manipulations were strongest predictors variation in microbiotas. population-level, habitat quality, ancestry commonly documented as drivers microbiota turnover. community-level, studies focused how species’ niche influence structure function. ecosystem-level, abiotic biotic reservoirs important contributors to structure. biosphere-level, databases, sample banks, seminatural experiments used describe assembly mechanisms among temperate tropical amphibians. Collectively, our demonstrates that can through diverse all biological scales. Importantly, while occurring each different scales interact shape microbiotas, past 10 years research have mostly been characterized by targeted approaches individual Looking forward, efforts considering multiple organizational levels diversity function are paramount. Generating opportunities for meaningful cross-disciplinary interactions supporting infrastructure spans imperative addressing this gap.

Language: Английский

Citations

15
Manipulating the microbiome alters regenerative outcomes in Xenopus laevis tadpoles via lipopolysaccharide signalling DOI
P. A. Chapman,

Campbell B. Gilbert,

Thomas J. Devine

et al.

Wound Repair and Regeneration, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 636 - 651

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Abstract Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate functional tails, containing the spinal cord, notochord, muscle, fin, blood vessels and nerves, except for a brief refractory period at around 1 week of age. At this stage, amputation tadpole's tail may either result in scarless wound healing or activation regeneration programme, which replaces lost tissues. We recently demonstrated link between bacterial lipopolysaccharides successful stage proposed that could from binding to Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4). Here, we have used 16S rRNA sequencing show tadpole skin microbiome is highly variable sibships community be altered by raising embryos antibiotic gentamicin. Six Gram‐negative genera, including Delftia Chryseobacterium , were over‐represented underwent regeneration. Lipopolysaccharides purified commensal spp. XDS4 an exogenous spp . Escherichia coli significantly increase number antibiotic‐raised attempted Conversely, quality was impaired native‐raised exposed antagonistic lipopolysaccharide Rhodobacter sphaeroides Editing TLR4 using CRISPR/Cas9 also reduced quality, but not quantity, level cohort. However, found editing individual poor predictor regenerative outcome. In conclusion, our results suggest depends least part on signalling, signalling via cannot account all effect.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Strong restructuration of skin microbiota during captivity challenges ex-situ conservation of amphibians DOI Creative Commons
Léa Fieschi‐Méric, Pauline van Leeuwen, Kevin Hopkins

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 20, 2023

In response to the current worldwide amphibian extinction crisis, conservation instances have encouraged establishment of ex-situ collections for endangered species. The resulting assurance populations are managed under strict biosecure protocols, often involving artificial cycles temperature and humidity induce active overwintering phases, which likely affect bacterial symbionts living on skin. However, skin microbiota is an important first line defense against pathogens that can cause declines, such as chytrid Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Determining whether husbandry practices might deplete amphibians from their therefore essential success. Here, we characterize effect transitions wild captivity, between aquatic two newt While our results confirm differential selectivity species, they underscore captivity phase-shifts similarly community structure. More specifically, translocation associated with rapid impoverishment, decrease in alpha diversity strong species turnover communities. Shifts phases also changes composition microbiota, prevalence Bd-inhibitory phylotypes. Altogether, suggest strongly restructure microbiota. Although it remains be determined these reversible or deleterious effects hosts, discuss methods limit microbial loss emphasize importance integrating communities applied conservation.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Effects of cadmium and diethylhexyl phthalate on skin microbiota of Rana chinensis tadpoles DOI
Zhaoyang Jiang, Yujia Shen,

Ziyi Niu

et al.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 30(23), P. 64285 - 64299

Published: April 17, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

2
A Snapshot of the Global Trade of South African Native Vertebrate Species Not Listed on CITES DOI Creative Commons
Ndivhuwo Shivambu, Tinyiko C. Shivambu, Takalani Nelufule

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(19), P. 2782 - 2782

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) aims to prevent the overexploitation species by controlling their trade. However, there is currently no international regulatory framework protect trade non-CITES species. We examined LEMIS database, online trade, scientific literature with aim identifying compiling a list South African native traded as pets wildlife products. found that are 223 products 95 pets. Mammals birds were most taxa for products, while reptiles amphibians mostly At least, not facing extinction, categorized Least Concern. some endemic have an unknown population size, Sclerophrys pantherina Neamblysomus gunningi being Endangered. pet involves 10 countries, USA, Czech Republic, UK largest importers. 20 USA major importer. This study emphasizes necessity strict regulations cooperation control effectively.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Tail Tales: What We Have Learned About Regeneration from Xenopus Laevis Tadpoles DOI Open Access

Jessica Lara,

Camilla Mastela,

Magda Abd

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11597 - 11597

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

This review explores the regenerative capacity of Xenopus laevis, focusing on tail regeneration, as a model to uncover cellular, molecular, and developmental mechanisms underlying tissue repair. X. laevis tadpoles provide unique insights into biology due their regeneration-competent -incompetent stages ability regrow complex structures in tail, including spinal cord, muscle, skin, after amputation. The delves roles key signaling pathways, such those involving reactive oxygen species (ROS) molecules like BMPs FGFs, orchestrating cellular responses during regeneration. It also examines how mechanotransduction, epigenetic regulation, metabolic shifts influence restoration. Comparisons with other shed light evolutionary loss abilities underscore an invaluable for understanding constraints repair higher organisms. comprehensive synthesizes recent findings, suggesting future directions exploring regeneration mechanisms, potential implications advancing medicine.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Effect of captivity and water salinity on culture-dependent frog skin microbiota and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) infection DOI Open Access
Darislav Besedin, Brandon J. Turner, Permal Deo

et al.

Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 146(2), P. 273 - 294

Published: June 15, 2022

The world is undergoing a sixth mass extinction, and the drastic decline of amphibians in last several decades major contributing factor. spread deadly Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) fungus causative agent, captive breeding programs are under way to try save endangered populations. However, how captivity affects Bd infection skin microbiota not clear. We identified bacteria South Australian frog Crinia signifera showed that their culture-dependent moderately stable cohorts sampled from same location subsequent years. Their was also structurally different sympatric species, Limnodynastes tasmaniensis, indicating specific microbial signature. Twenty-four C. were placed into for four weeks, exposed range water salinity levels, during which time there significant reduction identifiable bacterial species diversity, richness, change structure. intensity significantly reduced captivity, with some frogs becoming completely clear infection, whilst level determinant or microbiota.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
The role of family and environment in determining the skin microbiome of captive aquatic frogs,Xenopus laevis DOI Creative Commons
P. A. Chapman,

Daniel T. Hudson,

Xochitl C. Morgan

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Abstract Background The amphibian skin microbiome has drawn interest due to the ecological threat posed by chytridiomycosis, which drives changes in symbiotic microbial communities and may be inhibited certain bacterial taxa. However, microbes also play a role tissue regeneration. Xenopus spp. are well-established model organisms used study development, regeneration, genetics disease. Husbandry protocols, including use of antibiotics other sterilising agents, affect experimental outcomes altering microbiomes. It is therefore essential improve our understanding characteristics inheritance. We undertook 16S rRNA based sampling captive, closed laevis colony. A total 16 female frogs, their eggs, tadpoles were sampled, covering multiple aquarium systems tanks, along with testes from males for vitro fertilisation range environmental samples. Results Tank environments supported most complex communities. Mother frogs harboured diverse frog life stages, tadpole microbiomes being relatively simple. Frog samples dominated Proteobacteria Bacteroidota. Rhizobium Chryseobacterium dominant tadpoles, whereas mothers high proportions Vogesella Acinetobacter as well . While mothers’ habitats contained low levels these taxa, tadpole’s very similar those on skin. 34 genera found differentially abundant between tadpoles. Analysis Bray-Curtis distances indicated that mother varied according system, tanks within them, individual mother. Source tracking analyses showed egg jelly received mean approximately two thirds via vertical transmission, although sizeable proportion came unknown sources at all stages. Conclusions appears select taxa otherwise present abundances environment. inherit egg, they support distinct less community than adult frogs. varies mothers, affected system tank occupies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Manipulating the microbiome alters regenerative outcomes inXenopus laevistadpoles via lipopolysaccharide signalling DOI Creative Commons
P. A. Chapman,

Campbell B. Gilbert,

Thomas J. Devine

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 10, 2021

ABSTRACT Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate functional tails, containing spinal cord, notochord, muscle, fin, blood vessels and nerves, except for a brief refractory period at around one week of age. At this stage, amputation the tadpole’s tail may either result in scarless wound healing, or activation regeneration programme, which replaces lost tissues. We recently demonstrated link between bacterial lipopolysaccharides successful stage tadpoles, proposed that could from binding to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Here, we have used 16S rRNA sequencing show tadpole skin microbiome is highly variable sibships community be altered by raising embryos antibiotic gentamicin. Six gram-negative genera, including Delftia Chryseobacterium , were over-represented underwent regeneration. Lipopolysaccharides purified commensal spp. XDS4 an exogenous spp . Escherichia coli significantly increase number antibiotic-raised attempted Conversely, quality was impaired native-raised exposed antagonistic lipopolysaccharide Rhodobacter sphaeroides Editing TLR4 using CRISPR/Cas9 also reduced quality, but not quantity, level cohort. However, found editing individual poor predictor regenerative outcome. In conclusion, our results suggest depends least part on signalling, signalling via cannot account all effect.

Language: Английский

Citations

0