Flavonoids and their role in oxidative stress, inflammation, and human diseases DOI Creative Commons
Klaudia Jomová, Suliman Yousef Alomar,

Richard Valko

et al.

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111489 - 111489

Published: March 1, 2025

Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are important drivers in the pathogenesis progression of many diseases, such as cancers breast, kidney, lung, others, autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis), cardiovascular (hypertension, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia), neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Huntington's disease), mental disorders (depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), gastrointestinal (inflammatory bowel colorectal cancer), other disorders. With increasing demand for less toxic more tolerable therapies, flavonoids have potential to effectively modulate responsiveness conventional therapy radiotherapy. Flavonoids polyphenolic compounds found fruits, vegetables, grains, plant-derived beverages. Six twelve structurally different flavonoid subgroups dietary significance include anthocyanidins (e.g. pelargonidin, cyanidin), flavan-3-ols epicatechin, epigallocatechin), flavonols quercetin, kaempferol), flavones luteolin, baicalein), flavanones hesperetin, naringenin), isoflavones (daidzein, genistein). The health benefits related their structural characteristics, number position hydroxyl groups presence C2=C3 double bonds, which predetermine ability chelate metal ions, terminate ROS radicals formed by Fenton reaction), interact with biological targets trigger a response. Based on these can exert both antioxidant or prooxidant properties, activity ROS-scavenging enzymes expression activation proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), induce apoptosis autophagy, target key signaling pathways, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) Bcl-2 family proteins. This review aims briefly discuss mutually interconnected aspects oxidative inflammatory mechanisms, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, mechanism resolution inflammation. major part this article discusses role alleviating inflammation, two common components human diseases. results epidemiological studies also presented.

Language: Английский

Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response and Its Prominent Suppression by Paspalum thunbergii Extract DOI Open Access

Bin Ha,

Ji-Hye Kang,

Do Hyun Kim

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 1611 - 1611

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

The extract of Paspalum thunbergii, a native perennial herb in Korea belonging to the rice family, was investigated for its anti-inflammatory activity and underlying mechanisms driving effects. Fifteen chemical components P. thunbergii extract, including rosmarinic acid isoquercitrin, were identified using LC-MS. showed antioxidative through DPPH ABTS cation radical scavenging activity. significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. expression lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS COX-2, which are inflammation-related enzymes. To explore mechanism, levels signal proteins related MAPK, NF-κB, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin signaling measured. As result, p-p38, p-JNK increased by LPS Additionally, it decreased LPS-induced p-IKKβ p-NF-κB p65 prevented migration into nucleus caused LPS. Notably, p-JAK1, p-STAT3, Wnt 3α, β-catenin, p-GSK-3β protein expressions also inhibited. Therefore, prominent may be via pathway.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Plasma tryptophan levels are linked to hippocampal integrity and cognitive function in individuals with mild cognitive impairment DOI
Ali Azargoonjahromi

Brain Imaging and Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 4, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Frozen Shoulder as a Metabolic and Immune Disorder: Potential Roles of Leptin Resistance, JAK-STAT Dysregulation, and Fibrosis DOI Open Access
Santiago Navarro‐Ledesma

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1780 - 1780

Published: March 6, 2025

Frozen shoulder (FS) is a complex and multifactorial condition characterized by persistent inflammation, fibrosis, metabolic dysregulation. Despite extensive research, the underlying drivers of FS remain poorly understood. Recent findings indicate coexistence pro-inflammatory fibrosis-resolving macrophages within affected tissues, suggesting dysregulated immune response influenced neuroendocrine factors. This review proposes that leptin resistance, hallmark syndrome chronic may play central role in pathogenesis impairing macrophage polarization, perpetuating disrupting fibrosis resolution. The JAK-STAT signaling pathway, critically modulated further contribute to dysregulation sustaining inflammatory activation interfering with tissue remodeling. Additionally, shares pathogenic features fibrotic diseases driven TGF-β signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, circadian disruption, linking systemic dysfunction localized pathology. Beyond regulation, alterations gut microbiota, bacterial translocation, psychosocial stress exacerbate inflammation imbalances, intensifying resistance. By examining intricate interplay between metabolism, function, remodeling, this highlights targeting sensitivity, modulation, restoration as novel therapeutic strategies for treatment. Future research should explore these interconnections develop integrative interventions address both FS, ultimately improving clinical outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The roles of algal polysaccharides in modulating tumor immune microenvironment DOI

Yinshan Wu,

Nan Jia, Jingyu Sun

et al.

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 140, P. 156610 - 156610

Published: March 9, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Flavonoids and their role in oxidative stress, inflammation, and human diseases DOI Creative Commons
Klaudia Jomová, Suliman Yousef Alomar,

Richard Valko

et al.

Chemico-Biological Interactions, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 111489 - 111489

Published: March 1, 2025

Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are important drivers in the pathogenesis progression of many diseases, such as cancers breast, kidney, lung, others, autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis), cardiovascular (hypertension, atherosclerosis, arrhythmia), neurodegenerative (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Huntington's disease), mental disorders (depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder), gastrointestinal (inflammatory bowel colorectal cancer), other disorders. With increasing demand for less toxic more tolerable therapies, flavonoids have potential to effectively modulate responsiveness conventional therapy radiotherapy. Flavonoids polyphenolic compounds found fruits, vegetables, grains, plant-derived beverages. Six twelve structurally different flavonoid subgroups dietary significance include anthocyanidins (e.g. pelargonidin, cyanidin), flavan-3-ols epicatechin, epigallocatechin), flavonols quercetin, kaempferol), flavones luteolin, baicalein), flavanones hesperetin, naringenin), isoflavones (daidzein, genistein). The health benefits related their structural characteristics, number position hydroxyl groups presence C2=C3 double bonds, which predetermine ability chelate metal ions, terminate ROS radicals formed by Fenton reaction), interact with biological targets trigger a response. Based on these can exert both antioxidant or prooxidant properties, activity ROS-scavenging enzymes expression activation proinflammatory cytokines (e.g., interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)), induce apoptosis autophagy, target key signaling pathways, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2 (Nrf2) Bcl-2 family proteins. This review aims briefly discuss mutually interconnected aspects oxidative inflammatory mechanisms, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, mechanism resolution inflammation. major part this article discusses role alleviating inflammation, two common components human diseases. results epidemiological studies also presented.

Language: Английский

Citations

0