Prospects and applications of on-chip lasers

eLight, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

Integrated silicon photonics has sparked a significant ramp-up of investment in both academia and industry as scalable, power-efficient, eco-friendly solution. At the heart this platform is light source, which itself, been focus research development extensively. This paper sheds conveys our perspective on current state-of-the-art different aspects application-driven on-chip lasers. We tackle from two perspectives: device-level system-wide points view. In former, routes taken integrating lasers are explored material systems to chosen integration methodologies. Then, discussion shifted towards applications that show great prospects incorporating photonic integrated circuits (PIC) with active devices, namely, optical communications interconnects, phased array-based LiDAR, sensors for chemical biological analysis, quantum technologies, finally, computing. By leveraging myriad inherent attractive features photonics, aims inspire further PICs in, but not limited to, these substantial performance gains, green solutions, mass production.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances in Tunable Metasurfaces: Materials, Design, and Applications

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(9), P. 13339 - 13369

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Metasurfaces, a two-dimensional (2D) form of metamaterials constituted by planar meta-atoms, exhibit exotic abilities to tailor electromagnetic (EM) waves freely. Over the past decade, tremendous efforts have been made develop various active materials and incorporate them into functional devices for practical applications, pushing research tunable metasurfaces forefront nanophotonics. Those include phase change (PCMs), semiconductors, transparent conducting oxides (TCOs), ferroelectrics, liquid crystals (LCs), atomically thin material, etc., enable intriguing performances such as fast switching speed, large modulation depth, ultracompactness, significant contrast optical properties under external stimuli. Integration offers substantial tunability conventional passive nanophotonic platforms. Tunable with multifunctionalities triggered stimuli bring in rich degrees freedom terms material choices device designs dynamically manipulate control EM on demand. This field has recently flourished burgeoning development physics design methodologies, particularly those assisted emerging machine learning (ML) algorithms. review outlines recent advances tuning mechanisms, applications. We conclude this paper providing future perspectives vibrant fast-growing field.

Language: Английский

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Monocular metasurface camera for passive single-shot 4D imaging

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

It is a grand challenge for an imaging system to simultaneously obtain multi-dimensional light field information, such as depth and polarization, of scene the accurate perception physical world. However, task would conventionally require bulky optical components, time-domain multiplexing, active laser illumination. Here, we experimentally demonstrate compact monocular camera equipped with single-layer metalens that can capture 4D image, including 2D all-in-focus intensity, depth, polarization target in single shot under ambient illumination conditions. The optimized have conjugate pair polarization-decoupled rotating single-helix point-spread functions are strongly dependent on object. Combined straightforward, physically interpretable image retrieval algorithm, perform high-accuracy sensing high-fidelity over extended both static dynamic scenes indoor outdoor environments. Such could enable new applications diverse areas ranging from machine vision microscopy.

Language: Английский

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Computational spectropolarimetry with a tunable liquid crystal metasurface

eLight, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: Nov. 4, 2022

Abstract While conventional photodetectors can only measure light intensity, the vectorial field contains much richer information, including polarization and spectrum, that are essential for numerous applications ranging from imaging to telecommunication. However, simultaneous measurement of multi-dimensional information typically requires multiplexing dispersive or polarization-selective elements, leading excessive system complexity. Here, we demonstrate a near-infrared spectropolarimeter based on an electrically-tunable liquid crystal metasurface. The tunable metasurface, which acts as encoder field, is tailored support high-quality-factor guided-mode resonances with diverse anisotropic spectral features, thus allowing full Stokes parameters spectrum incident be computationally reconstructed high fidelity. concept using metasurface encoding may open up new horizons developing sensors minimized size, weight, cost,

Language: Английский

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Electrically addressable integrated intelligent terahertz metasurface

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(41)

Published: Oct. 12, 2022

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) play an essential role in various applications, such as next-generation communication, uncrewed vehicles, and vital sign recognizers. However, the terahertz (THz) region, development of RISs is limited because lacking tunable phase shifters low-cost sensors. Here, we developed integrated self-adaptive metasurface (SAM) with THz wave detection modulation capabilities based on change material. By applying coding sequences, could deflect beams over angle range 42.8°. We established a software-defined sensing reaction system for manipulation. In system, SAM self-adaptively adjusted beam deflection stabilized reflected power response to detected signal without human intervention, showing vast potential eliminating coverage dead zones other applications communication. Our programmable controlled creates platform electromagnetic information processing regime.

Language: Английский

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Real-time programmable metasurface for terahertz multifunctional wave front engineering

Light Science & Applications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Abstract Terahertz (THz) technologies have become a focus of research in recent years due to their prominent role envisioned future communication and sensing systems. One the key challenges facing field is need for tools enable agile engineering THz wave fronts. Here, we describe reconfigurable metasurface based on GaN technology with an array-of-subarrays architecture. This subwavelength-spaced array, under control 1-bit digital coding sequence, can switch between enormous range possible configurations, providing facile access nearly arbitrary front signals near 0.34 THz. We demonstrate wide-angle beam scanning 1° angular precision over 70 GHz bandwidth, as well generation multi-beam diffuse fronts, switching speed up 100 MHz. device, offering ability rapidly reconfigure propagating beam-forming or diffusively scattered coverage scene, will open new realms possibilities sensing, imaging, networking.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Chiral Metasurfaces for Broadband Phase‐Gradient Holographic Displays

Advanced Optical Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5)

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Abstract Next‐generation holographic displays have promising applications in medical science, augmented/virtual reality, smart security, data encryption, etc. Although metasurfaces emerged as the suitable choice to provide compact displays, multifunctionality at broadband optical wavelengths is inevitable for abovementioned applications. Here, a metasurface demonstrated based on chiral structures introduce terms of multiple wavefront information depending upon polarization incident light. The proposed integrated with liquid crystal (LC) provides fast switching and dynamic response visible transmission mode. To avoid phase distortion embedded into single planar metasurface, z‐shaped meta‐atoms are used high diffraction efficiency chirality circularly polarized (CP) light illuminations. mask encoded using combination geometric modulation techniques. experimental validation designed performed reproduce spin‐dependent‐specific changing This research may pave way toward designing highly efficient multifunctional metadevices produce next‐generation healthcare, media, encryption.

Language: Английский

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Flexible Metasurfaces for Multifunctional Interfaces

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 2685 - 2707

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

Optical metasurfaces, capable of manipulating the properties light with a thickness at subwavelength scale, have been subject extensive investigation in recent decades. This research has mainly driven by their potential to overcome limitations traditional, bulky optical devices. However, most existing metasurfaces are confined planar and rigid designs, functions, technologies, which greatly impede evolution toward practical applications that often involve complex surfaces. The disconnect between two-dimensional (2D) structures three-dimensional (3D) curved surfaces is becoming increasingly pronounced. In past two decades, emergence flexible electronics ushered an emerging era for metasurfaces. review delves into this cutting-edge field, focus on both conformal design fabrication techniques. Initially, we reflect milestones trajectories modern complemented brief overview theoretical underpinnings primary classifications. We then showcase four advanced emphasizing promising prospects relevance areas such as imaging, biosensing, cloaking, multifunctionality. Subsequently, explore three key trends including mechanically reconfigurable digitally controlled Finally, summarize our insights ongoing challenges opportunities field.

Language: Английский

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High-Sensitivity Optical Sensors Empowered by Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum in a Hybrid Metal–Dielectric Metasurface

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(8), P. 6477 - 6486

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Enhancing light–matter interaction is a key requisite in the realm of optical sensors. Bound states continuum (BICs), possessing high quality factors (Q factors), have shown great advantages sensing applications. Recent theories elucidate ability BICs with hybrid metal–dielectric architectures to achieve Q and sensitivities. However, experimental validation performance such systems remains equivocal. In this study, we propose two symmetry-protected quasi-BIC modes metasurface. Our results demonstrate that, under normal incidence light, mode dominated by dielectric can factor 412 bulk sensitivity 492.7 nm/RIU (refractive index unit) figure merit (FOM) 266.3 RIU–1, while metal exhibits stronger surface affinity biotin–streptavidin bioassay. These findings offer promising approach for implementing metasurface-based sensors, representing paradigm high-sensitivity biosensing platforms.

Language: Английский

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Roadmap on electromagnetic metamaterials and metasurfaces

Journal of Physics Photonics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 032502 - 032502

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

properties of the optical surface plasmons in microwave and terahertz frequencies using subwavelength artificial structures to construct negative permittivity.The spoof also benefit from realization ultrathin corrugated metallic strips [14], as they are compatible with printed circuit boards (PCBs) integrated technologies.Since propagating localized were experimentally realized PCBs 2013 2014 [14, 15], this area flourishes prospective applications emerging circuits, sensing, wireless communications [16]. Roadmap Organization AimIn Roadmap, leading experts various significant branches metamaterials metasurfaces present comprehensive overviews these anticipate their trends.The key areas research technology addressed roadmap include: 1. Effective medium metamaterials: In Section 2, Luo Lai firstly introduce effective theories for non-Hermitian 2.1.Wang, Lin, Chen review refraction 2.2; while Wu discuss perfect lens superlens based on 2.3.Then 2.4, Yin, Zhao, investigate advances transformation optics, which provides precise control EM fields an engineered physical space.In 2.5, Wegener introduces challenges recent three-dimensional metamaterials.In 2.6, Li, Zhou, Engheta extreme parameters, especially epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) that have exhibited potential applications.In 2.7, Asadchy, Simovski, Tretyakov chiral bianisotropic 2.8, Yang Zhang photonic topological metamaterials. Metasurfaces -Physics applications:In 3, Sun Zhou light-bending both transmission reflection configurations generalized Snell's law 3.1.In 3.2, Xu impact advanced fabrication technologies high-performance metasurfaces.Then 3.3, complexamplitude metasurfaces, been widely investigated beam forming, Airy Beam generation, meta-holograms.In 3.4, et al. metasurface-assisted polarization a new platform develop devices micrometer-scale footprint unusual functionality.The real application advantages metalens reviewed by Li Zhu 3.5.Zhou describe multi-functional edge imaging 3.6.In 3.7, holographic imaging, offer excellent tool realize 3.8, Xiao discusses active tuning functions after fabrication, highly desirable promising platforms 6G communications, remote radar 3.9, Liu focus introducing metasurface biosensors.In 3.10, geometric phase-controlled nonlinear Tang al., exhibiting great flexibilities controlling phase, polarization, amplitude generated waves.In 3.11, Koshelev Kivshar provide brief summary some observed effects metasurfaces.In 3.12, can act novel demonstrate marvelous effects.In 3.13, Wang, Tsai, overview applied quantum technologies, provided wide variety source state manipulation, information processing, quantumA c e p t d M n u s r i metasurface, i.e., reconfigurable intelligent surfaces massive MIMO transceivers, sensing. Concluding RemarksFrom roadmap, we glad see big progresses achieved ranging optics microwaves.After decades fast developments, not only EM-wave manipulations, but bring out disciplines sciences communication technologies.The future looks bright, there exciting opportunities ahead fundamental engineering applications.

Language: Английский

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