Pulmonary toxicity of immune checkpoint immunotherapy

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 134(2)

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality on global scale. Lung cancer, specifically non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is prominent contributor to this burden. The management NSCLC has advanced substantially in recent years, with immunotherapeutic agents, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), improved patient outcomes. Although generally well tolerated, the administration ICIs can result unique side effects known immune-related adverse events (irAEs). occurrence irAEs involving lungs, inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP), have profound effect both future therapy options and overall survival. Despite CIP being one more common serious irAEs, limited treatment are currently available, part due lack understanding underlying mechanisms involved its development. In Review, we aim provide an overview epidemiology clinical characteristics CIP, followed by examination emerging literature pathobiology condition.

Language: Английский

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Safety profile of pembrolizumab monotherapy based on an aggregate safety evaluation of 8937 patients

European Journal of Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 199, P. 113530 - 113530

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Background Pembrolizumab has a manageable safety profile as described in its label, which was primarily based on 2799 patients who participated clinical trials for melanoma or non-small cell lung cancer. Here, we evaluated the of pembrolizumab broader population from 31 advanced cancer across 19 types. Methods Safety analyzed received at least one dose (200 mg every 3 weeks [Q3W], 10 mg/kg Q2W Q3W, 2 Q3W). Adverse events (AEs) and immune-mediated AEs infusion reactions were evaluated. Results data 8937 monotherapy pooled (median, 7 administrations; range, 1−59). Median duration treatment 4.1 months (range, 0.03−40.1). occurred 96.6% patients. Grade 3−5 50.6% led to discontinuation 12.7% death 5.9%. Immune-mediated 23.7% (4.6% experienced multiple AEs/infusion reactions) 3.6% 0.2%. 6.3% Serious 6.0% time AE onset 85 days 13–163). Of 2657 AEs, 22.3% initially treated with prednisone ≥40 mg/day equivalent, 8.3% lower steroid doses. Conclusions This analysis showed that consistent indications.

Language: Английский

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The correlation between immune-related adverse events and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 54(9), P. 949 - 958

Published: May 20, 2024

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer treatment by targeting the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 and programmed death-1/ligand-1. Although immune show promising therapeutic efficacy, they often cause immune-related adverse events. Immune-related events differ from side effects of conventional chemotherapy require vigilant monitoring. These predominantly affect organs, such as colon, liver, lungs, pituitary gland, thyroid skin, with rare cases affecting heart, nervous system other tissues. As result activation, indicating reinvigoration exhausted cells that attack both tumors normal tissues, it is theoretically possible may signal a better response to inhibitor therapy. Recent retrospective studies explored link between event development clinical efficacy; however, predictive value in remains unclear. Additionally, focused on events, timing onset immunosuppressive treatments. This review focuses pivotal association outcomes patients treated inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Multi-organ immune-related adverse events from immune checkpoint inhibitors and their downstream implications: a retrospective multicohort study

The Lancet Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 1053 - 1069

Published: July 15, 2024

Language: Английский

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Best practices in the management of thyroid dysfunction induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors

European Thyroid Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) frequently cause immune-related adverse events (irAEs), with thyroid irAEs being the most common endocrine-related irAEs. The incidence of overt ranged 8.9–22.2% in real-world settings, typically triggered by antibodies against PD-1 and PD-L1 rarely anti-CTLA-4 alone. representative clinical course involves biphasic changes function, transient thyrotoxicosis subsequent persistent hypothyroidism. identified risk factors for include presence autoantibodies, uptake 18F-FDG-PET, prior use tyrosine kinase (TKIs), high BMI, TSH levels. There is evidence that are associated good prognosis, at least non-small cell lung cancer. Although features have been well clarified, management strategies require further refinement. Routine monitoring function every 4 to 6 weeks during ICI therapy recommended early detection While generally requires observation only, hypothyroidism should be promptly treated levothyroxine replacement. Continuation feasible patients irAEs, provided their overall health remains stable. However, these were largely based on experience monotherapy. As combination therapies developed as first-line treatments, antitumor agents may modify For example, cytotoxic can delay onset while TKIs often linked early-onset hypothyroidism, independent use. Given increasing diversity complexity cancer immunotherapy, it essential vigilantly screen

Language: Английский

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