Dental biofilm serves as an ecological reservoir of acid-producer pathogens in head and neck cancer patients with radiotherapy-related caries DOI Creative Commons
Júlia S. Bruno, Vitor Heidrich, Felipe Cicci Farinha Restini

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Abstract Radiotherapy-related caries (RRC) is an aggressive and debilitating oral toxicity that affects about half of the patients who undergo radiotherapy (RT) for head neck cancer (HNC). However, aetiology RRC not fully established, there are no clinically validated methods preventing it. To gain a better understanding risk factors microbiome’s role in causing RRC, we compared clinicopathological characteristics, oncological treatment regimens toxicities, health condition, microbiome at three different sites RT-treated HNC with (RRC+) without (RRC-). We observed significant differences between these groups characteristics regimens. + were older had poorer conditions start RT treatment, lower number teeth higher proportion rehabilitated to RCC- patients. In general, diversity dental biofilm displayed striking alterations composition RRC- patients, including enrichment acidogenic species (such as Propionibacterium acidifaciens Lactobacillus fermentum) altered metabolic potential, abundance genes from caries-related Streptococcus mutants S. parasanguinis) linked energy-related pathways associated synthesis amino acids sugars. also tissue carious healthy subjects conventional (CC). showed bacterial diversity, prevalence Lactobacillus dominance (relative ≥ 40%), co-occurrence networks CC. provide insights understand aetiology, which point potential microbial-targeted therapies prevent treat RRC.

Language: Английский

Updated perspectives on the contribution of the microbiome to the pathogenesis of mucositis using the MASCC/ISOO framework DOI Creative Commons
Andrea M. Stringer,

Benjamin M. Hargreaves,

Rui Amaral Mendes

et al.

Supportive Care in Cancer, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(8)

Published: July 30, 2024

Advances in the treatment of cancer have significantly improved mortality rates; however, this has come at a cost, with many treatments still limited by their toxic side effects. Mucositis both mouth and gastrointestinal tract is common following anti-cancer agents, manifesting as ulcerative lesions associated symptoms throughout alimentary tract. The pathogenesis mucositis was first defined 2004 Sonis, almost 20 years on, model continues to be updated reflecting ongoing research initiatives more sophisticated analytical techniques. most recent update, published Multinational Association for Supportive Care Cancer International Society Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO), highlights numerous co-occurring events that underpin development. Most notably, role ecosystem microorganisms reside (the oral gut microbiota) explored, building on initial concepts proposed Sonis. However, questions remain regarding true causal contribution microbiota metabolome. This review aims provide an overview rapidly evolving area, synthesizing current evidence microbiota's development progression, highlighting (i) components 5-phase where microbiome may involved, (ii) methodological challenges hindered advances (iii) opportunities intervention.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Role of Oral Microbiota Balance and Probiotic Therapy in Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis DOI
Jing Wang, Meihua Chen

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Radiation therapy (RT) is a key treatment for head and neck cancers but often leads to radiation-induced oral mucositis (ROM), exacerbated by disruptions in the microbiota. Imbalances microbial ecosystem increase mucosal vulnerability radiation, worsening ROM. Probiotics present promising intervention restoring balance, enhancing barrier, reducing inflammation, producing antimicrobial agents vital health during RT. Studies have shown probiotics' efficacy treating ulcers, focusing on strain selection, dosage, synergy with conventional therapies. However, challenges persist, including specificity, interactions other treatments, safety concerns. This review explores role of microbiota mitigating ROM, emphasizing need innovative probiotic formulations, advanced delivery systems, integration novel Maintaining balance leveraging therapies hold potential improving ROM management future research.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Oral mucosal toxicities in oncology DOI
Alessandro Villa, Michele Lodolo, Stephen T. Sonis

et al.

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Oral mucosal toxicities are serious complications associated with conventional cytotoxic radiation and drug-based cancer regimens, novel treatments such as immunotherapy targeted agents. These toxicities, including oral mucositis, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor-associated stomatitis, immune-related adverse events, lichenoid lesions secondary to rituximab or imatinib, geographic tongue bevacizumab, sorafenib, sunitinib, axitinib, can lead significant morbidity, potentially compromising treatment outcomes by necessitating dose reductions, interruptions, discontinuation. This review discusses the epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathobiology, current management strategies for these toxicities. With evolution therapies, agents, have become more prevalent, presenting challenges. Advances in understanding pathobiology led development promising therapeutic strategies. However, variability patient responses underscores need precision medicine approaches that tailor individual molecular immunological profiles. While standardization trials has improved comparability interventions, therapies must be rigorously tested ensure they do not interfere oncologic efficacy treatments. Ongoing research is essential refine preventive approaches.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
New trends in supportive care of head and neck cancers DOI

Ilaria Mascagni,

Paolo Bossi

Current Opinion in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 24, 2025

Purpose of review Supportive care plays a vital role in the management head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, as disease often affects frail older population that is treated with multiple strategies associated severe symptoms. We will focus on mucositis, dermatitis, dysphagia, pain, cachexia, infections, they are among most common challenging symptoms encountered. Recent findings Efforts have focused multiomics approaches to decipher complex biological pathways drive symptom onset treatment-related toxicities, aim developing novel therapeutic strategies. A notable example ponsegromab, monoclonal antibody designed target cachexia. Other promising areas research, such machine-learning models oral gut microbiota cachexia actively being explored; however, their impact date remains limited. Summary In recent years, new knowledge has emerged regarding underlying causes predictive for supportive HNC patients. Unfortunately, this expanding body primarily adds complexity without translating into practical applications or substantial improvements Future efforts should prioritize standardization algorithms, generation robust evidence based existing preclinical models.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Gut microbiota and gastrointestinal tumors: insights from a bibliometric analysis DOI Creative Commons
Chaofan Chen, Xiaolan Wang, Xu Han

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: April 8, 2025

Despite the growing number of studies on role gut microbiota in treating gastrointestinal tumors, overall research trends this field remain inadequately characterized. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using publications retrieved from Web Science Core Collection (up to September 30, 2024). Analytical tools including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and an online platform were employed evaluate hotspots. Analysis 1,421 revealed significant geographical disparities output, with China United States leading contributions. Institutionally, University Adelaide, Zhejiang University, Shanghai Jiao Tong prominent contributors. Authorship identified Hannah R. Wardill as most prolific author, while International Journal Molecular Sciences emerged a journal. Rapidly frontiers include "proliferation," "inhibition," "immunotherapy," "drug delivery," "tumorigenesis." This study provides comprehensive overview highlights emerging directions, aiming advance scientific clinical applications tumor therapy.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dental biofilm serves as an ecological reservoir of acid-producer pathogens in head and neck cancer patients with radiotherapy-related caries DOI Creative Commons
Júlia S. Bruno, Vitor Heidrich, Felipe Cicci Farinha Restini

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Abstract Radiotherapy-related caries (RRC) is an aggressive and debilitating oral toxicity that affects about half of the patients who undergo radiotherapy (RT) for head neck cancer (HNC). However, aetiology RRC not fully established, there are no clinically validated methods preventing it. To gain a better understanding risk factors microbiome’s role in causing RRC, we compared clinicopathological characteristics, oncological treatment regimens toxicities, health condition, microbiome at three different sites RT-treated HNC with (RRC+) without (RRC-). We observed significant differences between these groups characteristics regimens. + were older had poorer conditions start RT treatment, lower number teeth higher proportion rehabilitated to RCC- patients. In general, diversity dental biofilm displayed striking alterations composition RRC- patients, including enrichment acidogenic species (such as Propionibacterium acidifaciens Lactobacillus fermentum) altered metabolic potential, abundance genes from caries-related Streptococcus mutants S. parasanguinis) linked energy-related pathways associated synthesis amino acids sugars. also tissue carious healthy subjects conventional (CC). showed bacterial diversity, prevalence Lactobacillus dominance (relative ≥ 40%), co-occurrence networks CC. provide insights understand aetiology, which point potential microbial-targeted therapies prevent treat RRC.

Language: Английский

Citations

1