Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment DOI Creative Commons
Guilong Tanzhu,

Liu Chen,

Jiaoyang Ning

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Abstract Metastatic brain tumors, also called metastasis (BM), represent a challenging complication of advanced tumors. Tumors that commonly metastasize to the include lung cancer and breast cancer. In recent years, prognosis for BM patients has improved, significant advancements have been made in both clinical preclinical research. This review focuses on originating from We briefly overview history epidemiology BM, as well current diagnostic treatment paradigms. Additionally, we summarize multiomics evidence mechanisms tumor occurrence development era artificial intelligence discuss role microenvironment. Preclinically, introduce establishment models, detailed molecular mechanisms, cutting‐edge methods. is primarily treated with comprehensive approach, including local treatments such surgery radiotherapy. For cancer, targeted therapy immunotherapy shown efficacy, while monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody–drug conjugates are effective BM. Multiomics approaches assist diagnosis treatment, revealing complex Moreover, agents often need cross blood–brain barrier achieve high intracranial concentrations, small‐molecule nanoparticles, peptide drugs. Addressing imperative.

Language: Английский

Remarkable response to low dose of selpercatinib in a patient with RET-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer. DOI Creative Commons
Jun Sakakibara‐Konishi,

Hirofumi Takahashi,

Kenichiro Ito

et al.

Respiratory Medicine Case Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 102176 - 102176

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Chromosomal rearrangements of the RET (rearranged during transfection) gene are detected in approximately 1-2% non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) and have function as oncogenic driver genes. Selpercatinib is a highly effective inhibitor for RET-rearranged patients with NSCLC shows mostly tolerable adverse events. However, hypertension, aspartate aminotransferase increase, alanine increase most common events, dose modification or discontinuation required occasionally. Here, we describe case who has response to 40 mg selpercatinib every other day because had be adjusted owing events such liver dysfunction. Dose selpercatinib, according event incidences, may considered, some cases even at very low concentrations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Selpercatinib in RET Fusion–Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Final Safety and Efficacy, Including Overall Survival, From the LIBRETTO-001 Phase I/II Trial DOI
Oliver Gautschi, Keunchil Park, Benjamin Solomon

et al.

Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

LIBRETTO-001 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03157128 ) is a registrational phase I/II, single-arm, open-label trial of selpercatinib in RET-dependent cancers. With 19 months additional follow-up, we report the final efficacy and safety results patients with RET fusion–positive non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who had previously received platinum-based chemotherapy (N = 247) or were treatment-naïve 69). The objective response rate (ORR) was 62% for pretreated 83% patients. Duration (DoR) 31.6 20.3 (median follow-up approximately 38 months). Median progression-free survival (PFS) 26.2 22.0 40 overall 47.6 not reached group 43 At 3-year landmark estimate, 57% 66% alive. Among 26 measurable CNS metastases at baseline, CNS-ORR 85% CNS-DoR 9.4 CNS-PFS 11.0 months. profile consistent previous reports. substantial continued to show durable responses intracranial activity, manageable NSCLC.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLCs) Harboring RET Gene Fusion, from Their Discovery to the Advent of New Selective Potent RET Inhibitors: “Shadows and Fogs” DOI Open Access
Gianluca Spitaleri, Pamela Trillo Aliaga, Ilaria Attili

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(16), P. 2877 - 2877

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

RET fusions are relatively rare in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLCs), being around 1–2% of all NSCLCs. They share the same clinical features as other fusion-driven NSCLC patients, follows: younger age, adenocarcinoma histology, low exposure to tobacco, and high risk spreading brain. Chemotherapy immunotherapy have a impact on prognosis these patients. Multitargeted inhibitors shown modest activity jeopardized by toxicity. New potent selective (RET-Is) (pralsetinib selpercatinib) achieved higher efficacy minimizing known toxicities multitargeted agents. This review will describe sensitivity immune-checkpoint (ICIs) fusion + well their experiences with ‘old’ multi-targeted inhibitors. focus advent new RET-Is. We main mechanisms resistance them. further proceed deal drugs strategies proposed overcome In last section, we also safety profile RET-Is, dealing but severe adverse events.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Brain Metastasis in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis and Management DOI
Antonio Prinzi, Evert F.S. van Velsen, Antonino Belfiore

et al.

Thyroid, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(10), P. 1194 - 1204

Published: Aug. 20, 2024

Brain metastases (BM) are the most common intracranial neoplasms in adults and a significant cause of morbidity mortality. The brain is an unusual site for distant thyroid cancer; indeed, sites lungs bones. In this narrative review, we discuss about clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment options patients with BM from differentiated cancer (DTC).

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Metastatic brain tumors: from development to cutting‐edge treatment DOI Creative Commons
Guilong Tanzhu,

Liu Chen,

Jiaoyang Ning

et al.

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2024

Abstract Metastatic brain tumors, also called metastasis (BM), represent a challenging complication of advanced tumors. Tumors that commonly metastasize to the include lung cancer and breast cancer. In recent years, prognosis for BM patients has improved, significant advancements have been made in both clinical preclinical research. This review focuses on originating from We briefly overview history epidemiology BM, as well current diagnostic treatment paradigms. Additionally, we summarize multiomics evidence mechanisms tumor occurrence development era artificial intelligence discuss role microenvironment. Preclinically, introduce establishment models, detailed molecular mechanisms, cutting‐edge methods. is primarily treated with comprehensive approach, including local treatments such surgery radiotherapy. For cancer, targeted therapy immunotherapy shown efficacy, while monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody–drug conjugates are effective BM. Multiomics approaches assist diagnosis treatment, revealing complex Moreover, agents often need cross blood–brain barrier achieve high intracranial concentrations, small‐molecule nanoparticles, peptide drugs. Addressing imperative.

Language: Английский

Citations

1