bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 5, 2023
Abstract
Disruption
of
the
circadian
clock
as
well
reduced
NAD
+
levels
are
both
hallmarks
aging.
While
rhythms
and
metabolism
have
been
linked
in
heart
disease,
their
relationship
during
cardiac
aging
is
less
clear.
Here,
we
show
that
leads
to
disruption
diurnal
gene
expression
heart.
Long-term
supplementation
with
precursor
nicotinamide
riboside
(NR)
boosts
levels,
reprograms
transcriptome
reverses
naturally
occurring
enlargement
aged
female
mice.
In
addition,
complete
abolishment
CMs
impairs
PER2::luc
oscillations,
which
rescued
by
NR
supplementation.
These
findings
reveal
an
essential
role
for
regulation
upon
aging,
opens
up
new
avenues
counteract
age-related
disorders.
iScience,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
27(5), P. 109698 - 109698
Published: April 9, 2024
Mounting
evidence
supports
the
role
of
neuroinflammation
in
radiation-induced
brain
injury
(RIBI),
a
chronic
disease
characterized
by
delayed
and
progressive
neurological
impairment.
Asparagine
endopeptidase
(AEP),
also
known
as
legumain
(LGMN),
participates
multiple
malignancies
neurodegenerative
diseases
may
potentially
be
involved
RIBI.
Here,
we
found
AEP
expression
was
substantially
elevated
cortex
hippocampus
wild-type
(
Catalysts,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1), P. 37 - 37
Published: Jan. 3, 2025
Nicotinamide
mononucleotide
(NMN)
has
emerged
as
a
promising
non-natural
cofactor
with
significant
potential
to
transform
biocatalysis,
synthetic
biology,
and
therapeutic
applications.
By
modulating
NAD⁺
metabolism,
NMN
offers
unique
advantages
in
enzymatic
reactions,
metabolic
engineering,
regenerative
medicine.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
analysis
of
NMN’s
biochemical
properties,
mechanisms
action,
diverse
Emphasis
is
placed
on
its
role
addressing
challenges
multi-enzyme
cascades,
biofuel
production,
the
synthesis
high-value
chemicals.
The
paper
also
highlights
critical
research
gaps,
including
need
for
scalable
methods,
improved
integration
into
systems,
toxicity
studies
use.
Emerging
technologies
such
AI-driven
enzyme
design
CRISPR-based
genome
engineering
are
discussed
transformative
tools
optimizing
NMN-dependent
pathways.
Furthermore,
synergistic
biology
innovations,
cell-free
systems
dynamic
regulatory
networks,
explored,
paving
way
precise
modular
biotechnological
solutions.
Looking
forward,
versatility
positions
it
pivotal
tool
advancing
sustainable
bioprocessing
precision
Addressing
current
limitations
through
interdisciplinary
approaches
will
enable
redefine
boundaries
innovation.
serves
roadmap
leveraging
across
scientific
industrial
domains.
Drugs and Drug Candidates,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
4(1), P. 7 - 7
Published: Feb. 17, 2025
Nicotinamide
adenine
dinucleotide
(NAD+)
is
one
of
the
most
essential
coenzymes
that
widely
distributed
in
human
tissues.
However,
with
progress
aging,
NAD+
level
gradually
decreases,
thus
impacting
metabolic
dynamics
and
heightening
susceptibility
to
various
pathologies.
Increasing
levels
are
expected
delay
aging
improve
age-related
degenerative
diseases.
Amino–carboxylic
semialdehyde
dehydrogenase
(ACMSD)
a
key
enzyme
involved
de
novo
synthesis
NAD+.
It
reduces
intermediate
products
pathway
by
catalyzing
degradation
α-amino-β-carboxyethylglutamic
acid-ε-semialdehyde
(ACMS),
reducing
production
Genetic
pharmacological
inhibition
ACMSD
has
been
demonstrated
increase
vitro
vivo,
making
it
potential
target
for
treatment
NAD+-deficient
In
this
mini-review,
we
detail
molecular
mechanisms
regulated
ACMSD.
We
also
discuss
efficacy
inhibitors
treating
Chemical Research in Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
37(2), P. 248 - 258
Published: Jan. 10, 2024
Pyridone-containing
adenine
dinucleotides,
ox-NAD,
are
formed
by
overoxidation
of
nicotinamide
dinucleotide
(NAD+)
and
exist
in
three
distinct
isomeric
forms.
Like
the
canonical
nucleosides,
corresponding
pyridone-containing
nucleosides
(PYR)
chemically
stable,
biochemically
versatile,
easily
converted
to
nucleotides,
di-
triphosphates,
dinucleotides.
The
4-PYR
isomer
is
often
reported
with
its
abundance
increasing
progression
metabolic
diseases,
age,
cancer,
oxidative
stress.
Yet,
pyridone-derived
nucleotides
largely
under-represented
literature.
Here,
we
report
efficient
synthesis
series
ox-NAD
pyridone
measure
biological
specimens
using
liquid
chromatography
coupled
mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS).
Overall,
demonstrate
that
all
forms
PYR
found
biospecimens
at
concentrations
ranging
from
nanomolar
midmicromolar
their
presence
affects
measurements
NAD(H)
when
standard
biochemical
redox-based
assays
applied.
Furthermore,
used
liver
extracts
1H
NMR
each
can
be
metabolized
respective
isomer.
Together,
these
results
suggest
a
need
for
better
understanding
context
human
physiology
since
species
endogenous
mimics
NAD+,
key
redox
cofactor
metabolism
bioenergetics
maintenance.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Oct. 24, 2023
Abstract
Nicotinamide
mononucleotide
(NMN)
is
a
major
precursor
for
NAD
+
metabolism
with
promising
effects
in
treating
-
and
aging-related
pathologies.
However,
measuring
live
cell
NMN
dynamics
was
not
possible,
leaving
key
questions
intracellular
uptake
regulation
unanswered.
Here
we
developed
genetically
encoded
bioluminescent
sensor
to
quantify
subcellular
cells
by
fusing
engineered
NMN-responsive
binding
domain
fluorescent
proteins
from
BRET
pairs.
The
dissected
the
multimechanistic
of
extracellular
precursors
cells.
We
then
captured
notably
low
mitochondrial
content
thereafter
vulnerable
NMN/NAD
ratio
SARM1
activation
mitochondria,
establishing
as
an
important
parameter
evaluating
boosting
strategies.
Moreover,
characterized
signature
regulating
enzymes
on
ratios,
which
Slc25a45
identified
be
potential
transporter
its
unique
fingerprint
ratio.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Feb. 14, 2024
Citation:
Dongoran
RA,
Mardiana
M,
Huang
C-Y
and
Situmorang
JH
(2024)
Boosting
NAD+
levels
through
fasting
to
aid
in
COVID-19
recovery.
Front.
Immunol.
15:1319106.
doi:
10.3389/fimmu.2024.1319106
