Finishing the egg

Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 226(1)

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

Gamete development is a fundamental process that highly conserved from early eukaryotes to mammals. As germ cells develop, they must coordinate dynamic series of cellular processes support growth, cell specification, patterning, the loading maternal factors (RNAs, proteins, and nutrients), differentiation structures enable fertilization ensure embryonic survival, other make functional oocyte. To achieve these goals, integrate complex milieu environmental developmental signals produce fertilizable eggs. Over past 50 years, Drosophila oogenesis has risen forefront as system interrogate sophisticated mechanisms drive oocyte development. Studies in have defined control meiosis, protect genome integrity, facilitate mRNA trafficking, nutrients. Work this provided key insights into establish egg chamber polarity patterning well ovulation activation. Using power genetics, field begun define molecular stresses nutrient availability with Importantly, majority reproductive are throughout evolution, many play critical roles somatic tissues well. In chapter, we summarize recent progress several areas impact ovulation. First, discuss storage trafficking during maturation vitellogenesis. Second, examine regulate follicle how impacts construction shell establishment polarity. Finally, regulatory ovulation, activation, successful fertilization.

Language: Английский

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Conserved and Unique Roles of bHLH-PAS Transcription Factors in Insects – From Clock to Hormone Reception

Journal of Molecular Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 436(3), P. 168332 - 168332

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

A dozen bHLH-PAS transcription factors have evolved since the dawn of animal kingdom; nine them mutual orthologs between arthropods and vertebrates. These proteins are master regulators in a range developmental processes from organogenesis, nervous system formation functioning, to cell fate decisions defining identity limbs or photoreceptors for color vision. Among functionally best conserved acting circadian clock. On other side spectrum fundamental physiological mechanisms such as those underlying xenobiotic detoxification, oxygen homeostasis, metabolic adaptation hypoxia, infection tumor progression. Predictably, malfunctioning leads pathologies. Performance individual is modulated at multiple levels including dimerization protein–protein interactions, proteasomal degradation, by binding low-molecular weight ligands. Despite vast evolutionary gap dividing vertebrates, differences their anatomy, many functions orthologous remarkably similar, molecular level. Our phylogenetic analysis shows that one protein type has been lost during vertebrate evolution. This unique function receptor sesquiterpenoid juvenile hormones insects crustaceans. Although some regulated small molecules, hormone presents an unprecedented case, all non-peptide activate members nuclear family. The purpose this review compare highlight parallels functioning

Language: Английский

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ETS transcription factors regulate precise matrix metalloproteinase expression and follicle rupture in Drosophila

Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 151(5)

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Drosophila matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) is specifically expressed in posterior follicle cells of stage-14 egg chambers (mature follicles) and crucial for the breakdown follicular wall during ovulation, a process that highly conserved from flies to mammals. The factors regulate spatiotemporal expression MMP2 remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate roles ETS-family transcriptional activator Pointed (Pnt) its endogenous repressor Yan regulation expression. We found Pnt overlaps with mature follicles. Genetic analysis demonstrated pnt both required sufficient cells. In addition, was temporally upregulated stage-13 fine-tune activity Furthermore, identified 1.1 kb core enhancer responsible contains multiple pnt/yan binding motifs. Mutation sites significantly impaired Mmp2 activity. Our data reveal mechanism which could be other biological systems.

Language: Английский

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Actomyosin contraction in the follicular epithelium provides the major mechanical force for follicle rupture during Drosophila ovulation

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(39)

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

Ovulation is critical for sexual reproduction and consists of the process liberating fertilizable oocytes from their somatic follicle capsules, also known as rupture. The mechanical force oocyte expulsion largely unknown in many species. Our previous work demonstrated that

Language: Английский

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