Shellfish as Biosensors in Online Monitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems: A Review of Russian Studies

Fishes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(2), P. 102 - 102

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

The use of biological objects in monitoring the state environment and changes caused by impact environmental pollution on marine fresh waters is a promising tool due to lower cost comparison traditional ability receive immediate information about ecosystem status. In this review, we summarize shellfish biomonitors results studies focused development bioindicator species early warning systems Russia. Since mid-1980s, Russian specialists have developed online biomonitoring systems; as rest world, there are two main approaches that currently applied study physiological status potential biosensor monitor freshwater systems: valvometry (registration gaping activity bivalve mollusks) photoplethysmography cardiac mollusks crustaceans). Valve movement responses stressors such abnormal conditions pollutants include closure shell valves for long period, decrease average distance between valves, rapid opening, higher closing frequency. Cardiac reactions stress factors increases heart rate index, variability than under normal conditions, longer periods required recovery after stress. most common bioindicators used disturbances ecosystems blue mussels, Iceland scallops, red king crabs cold-water habitats Black Sea mussels warmer well crayfish waters.

Language: Английский

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Coupling between fast and slow oscillator circuits in Cancer borealis is temperature-compensated

eLife, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Feb. 4, 2021

Coupled oscillatory circuits are ubiquitous in nervous systems. Given that most biological processes temperature-sensitive, it is remarkable the neuronal of poikilothermic animals can maintain coupling across a wide range temperatures. Within stomatogastric ganglion (STG) crab, Cancer borealis , fast pyloric rhythm (~1 Hz) and slow gastric mill (~0.1 precisely coordinated at ~11°C such there an integer number cycles per cycle (integer coupling). Upon increasing temperature from 7°C to 23°C, both oscillators showed similar temperature-dependent increases frequency, between was conserved. Thus, although rhythms show changes couple these their coordination over Such robustness could be part toolbox enables neural function despite global perturbations.

Language: Английский

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Brain connectivity inversely scales with developmental temperature in Drosophila

Cell Reports, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 37(12), P. 110145 - 110145

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Variability of synapse numbers and partners despite identical genes reveals the limits genetic determinism. Here, we use developmental temperature as a non-genetic perturbation to study variability brain wiring behavior in Drosophila. Unexpectedly, slower development at lower temperatures increases axo-dendritic branching, numbers, non-canonical synaptic partnerships various neurons, while maintaining robust ratios canonical synapses. Using R7 photoreceptors model, show that changing relative availability using DIPγ mutant ablates R7's preferred partner leads temperature-dependent recruitment reach normal numbers. Hence, specificity is not absolute but based on postsynaptic presynaptic control Behaviorally, movement precision robust, activity optimized for developmentally encountered temperature. These findings suggest genetically encoded scalable formation develop functional, identical, brains behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Two central pattern generators from the crab, Cancer borealis, respond robustly and differentially to extreme extracellular pH

eLife, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Dec. 28, 2018

The activity of neuronal circuits depends on the properties constituent neurons and their underlying synaptic intrinsic currents. We describe effects extreme changes in extracellular pH – from 5.5 to 10.4 two central pattern generating networks, stomatogastric cardiac ganglia crab, Cancer borealis. Given that physiological ion channels are known be sensitive within range tested, it is surprising these rhythms generally remained robust 6.1 8.8. sensitivity was highly variable between animals and, unexpectedly, ganglia. Animal-to-animal variability likely a consequence similar network performance arising sets conductances. Together, results illustrate potential difficulty generalizing environmental perturbation across circuits, even same animal.

Language: Английский

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Reciprocally inhibitory circuits operating with distinct mechanisms are differently robust to perturbation and modulation

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Reciprocal inhibition is a building block in many sensory and motor circuits. We studied the features that underly robustness reciprocally inhibitory two neuron used dynamic clamp to create circuits from pharmacologically isolated neurons of crab stomatogastric ganglion by injecting artificial graded synaptic (I Syn ) hyperpolarization-activated inward H currents. There continuum mechanisms generate antiphase oscillations, with ‘release’ ‘escape’ at extremes, mixed mode oscillations between these extremes. In release, active primarily controls off/on transitions. escape, inhibited characterized escape release alterations circuit parameters, temperature, neuromodulation. found rely on tight correlations conductances bursting but are resilient temperature increase. Release robust variations fragile The modulatory current MI restores has little effect Perturbations can alter balance oscillations. conclude same perturbation have dramatically different effects depending circuits’ mechanism operation may not be observable basal activity.

Language: Английский

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Mapping circuit dynamics during function and dysfunction

eLife, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: March 18, 2022

Neural circuits can generate many spike patterns, but only some are functional. The study of how and maintain functional dynamics is hindered by a poverty description circuit across dysfunctional states. For example, although the regular oscillation central pattern generator well characterized its frequency phase relationships between neurons, these metrics ineffective descriptors irregular aperiodic that under perturbation or in disease By recording well-studied pyloric Cancer borealis, we used statistical features times from neurons to visualize patterns generated this variety conditions. This approach captures both variability rhythms diversity atypical single map. Clusters map identify qualitatively different hinting at dynamic states circuit. State probability statistics transitions varied with environmental perturbations, removal descending neuromodulatory inputs, addition exogenous neuromodulators. analysis reveals strong mechanistically interpretable links complex changes collective behavior neural specific experimental manipulations, constrain hypotheses despite architecture perturbations.

Language: Английский

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Alterations in network robustness upon simultaneous temperature and pH perturbations

Journal of Neurophysiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 131(3), P. 509 - 515

Published: Jan. 24, 2024

Resilience to environmental fluctuations is important for all animals. It common that animals encounter multiple stressful events at the same time, cumulative impacts of which are largely unknown. This study examines effects temperature and pH on nervous system crabs live in fluctuating environments Northern Atlantic Ocean. The ranges tolerance one perturbation, temperature, reduced under influence a second, pH.

Language: Английский

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Degenerate Neuronal and Circuit Mechanisms Important for Generating Rhythmic Motor Patterns

Physiological Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 105(1), P. 95 - 135

Published: June 13, 2024

In 1996, we published a review article (Marder E, Calabrese RL.

Language: Английский

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Decoding Neuropeptide Complexity: Advancing Neurobiological Insights from Invertebrates to Vertebrates through Evolutionary Perspectives

ACS Chemical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

Neuropeptides are vital signaling molecules involved in neural communication, hormonal regulation, and stress response across diverse taxa. Despite their critical roles, neuropeptide research remains challenging due to low abundance, complex post-translational modifications (PTMs), dynamic expression patterns. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based neuropeptidomics has revolutionized peptide identification quantification, enabling the high-throughput characterization of neuropeptides PTMs. However, complexity vertebrate networks poses significant challenges for functional studies. Invertebrate models, such as Cancer borealis, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, offer simplified circuits, well-characterized systems, experimental tools elucidating roles neuropeptides. These models have revealed conserved families, including allatostatins, RFamides, tachykinin-related peptides, whose homologues regulate analogous physiological functions. Recent advancements MS techniques, ion mobility MALDI imaging, further enhanced spatial temporal resolution analysis, allowing insights into systems. not only expands our understanding functions but also informs translational applications development peptide-based therapeutics. This review highlights utility invertebrate discovery, emphasizing contributions uncovering fundamental biological principles relevance

Language: Английский

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Cardiac Transcriptome and Histology of the Heart of the Male Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) under High-Temperature Stress

Fishes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 92 - 92

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

High temperatures are important environmental stressors affecting the metabolism, growth, immunity, and mortality of Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis). In this study, were divided into two groups exposed to 35 °C (thermal stress group) or 25 (control for 24 h, transcriptome heart was analyzed. There 4007 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between thermal control groups, including 2660 upregulated 1347 downregulated genes. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) transcription factors (TFs) temperature-sensitive DEGs in crabs. mainly focused on protein processing endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome biogenesis, glycine, serine, threonine export, insect hormone biosynthesis pathways. A total 28,916 SSRs 59 TF families, 851 TFs, detected among all unigenes E. sinensis transcripts. The qRT-PCR results HSPs apoptotic from exhibited same trends as those data. Results light microscopy analyzing histological sections indicated that most myocardial fibers lysed, number nuclei connective tissue contents layers both reduced following exposure h.

Language: Английский

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