Unraveling host regulation of gut microbiota through the epigenome–microbiome axis

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(12), P. 1229 - 1240

Published: June 5, 2024

Recent studies of dynamic interactions between epigenetic modifications a host organism and the composition or activity its associated gut microbiota suggest an opportunity for to shape microbiome through alterations that lead changes in gene expression noncoding RNA activity. We use insights from microbiota-induced review potential epigenetically regulate microbiome, which bidirectional 'epigenome–microbiome axis' emerges. This axis embeds environmentally induced variation, may influence adaptive evolution host–microbe interactions. furthermore present our perspective on how epigenome–microbiome can be understood investigated within holo-omic framework with applications applied health food sciences.

Language: Английский

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Ecophysiological responses to heat waves in the marine intertidal zone

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 228(2)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

One notable consequence of climate change is an increase in the frequency, scale and severity heat waves. Heat waves terrestrial habitats (atmospheric waves, AHW) marine (marine MHW) have received considerable attention as environmental forces that impact organisms, populations whole ecosystems. Only one ecosystem, intertidal zone, experiences both MHWs AHWs. In this Review, we outline range responses zone organisms exhibit response to We begin by examining drivers thermal maxima develop a simple model daily maximum temperatures based on publicly available tide solar radiation models, compare it with logged, under-rock temperature data at site. then summarize experimental ecological studies how ecosystems respond across dimensions biotic response. Additional paid impacts extreme cellular physiology, including oxidative stress thermally induced mitochondrial overdrive dysfunction. examine energetic consequences these mechanisms they shift organismal traits, growth, reproduction immune function. conclude considering important future directions for improving organisms.

Language: Английский

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Archaeal diversity in the microbiomes of four wild bird species

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

ABSTRACT Archaea are generally low-abundance members of the vertebrate microbiota that require specific PCR primers to be detected in metabarcoding studies, and robust intraspecific sample size is necessary for well-supported conclusions about archaeal diversity. Using 16S rRNA gene amplicons generated using both Archaea-Specific Universal primers, we investigated prokaryotic diversity 110 fecal samples from four wild bird species different orders: Anna’s Hummingbird ( Calypte anna ), Saltmarsh Sparrow Ammospiza caudacuta Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Canada Goose Branta canadensis ). Our aim was test hypotheses would offer higher resolution ecologically distinct host have communities. resulted increases richness detection all birds compared primers. The ammonia-oxidizing order Nitrososphaerales species, methanogenic orders were enriched Geese. In Bacteria-Archaea co-occurrence networks, found many more significant interactions than alone. Methanogenic dominated Geese a lesser extent other suggesting an important functional role methanogens Overall, this study advances our knowledge component microbiome provides insight into potential roles play studies avian gastrointestinal microbiota. IMPORTANCE may persistent host-associated microbiomes across diverse taxa; their has been limited due low abundance inadequacy Large-scale historically had sizes conflicting results. This demonstrates improved capability detect widely used We also identified shared species-specific taxa with implications importance. Future interested comprehensively cataloging amplicon-based sequencing methods should include adequately probe

Language: Английский

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­­Pollution-Related Changes in Nest Microbiota: Implications for Growth and Fledging in Three Passerine Birds

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Non-ferrous smelters emit toxic metals into the environment, posing a threat to wildlife health. Despite acknowledged role of microbes in host health, impact such emissions on host-associated microbiota, especially wild birds, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates associations metal pollution, fitness, and nest microbiota (serving as proxy for early-life microbial environment) which may influence nestling health development. Our focuses three passerine great tit (Parus major), blue (Cyanistes caeruleus), pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca), within control metal-polluted sites around Finnish copper-nickel smelter. The polluted had been contaminated with arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn). We performed bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing analyses 90 nests monitored body mass, fledging success, various biotic abiotic factors. findings revealed species-specific responses exposure terms both fitness microbiota. P. major C. caeruleus showed sensitivity decreased growth zone. was accompanied by shift community composition, characterized an increase some pathogenic bacteria (in nests) decrease plant-associated (within nests). Conversely, F. hypoleuca their limited indicating greater tolerance pollution-induced environmental changes. Although pollution did not correlate alpha diversity or most abundant taxa across all species, certain potential pathogens were enriched environments negatively correlated parameters. results suggest that alter composition bird either directly indirectly through changes, promoting potentially impacting survival.

Language: Английский

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Pollution-related changes in nest microbiota: Implications for growth and fledging in three passerine birds

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 357, P. 124434 - 124434

Published: June 25, 2024

Non-ferrous smelters emit toxic metals into the environment, posing a threat to wildlife health. Despite acknowledged role of microbes in host health, impact such emissions on host-associated microbiota, especially wild birds, remains largely unexplored. This study investigates associations metal pollution, fitness, and nest microbiota (serving as proxy for early-life microbial environment) which may influence nestling health development. Our focuses three passerine great tit (Parus major), blue (Cyanistes caeruleus), pied flycatcher (Ficedula hypoleuca), within control metal-polluted sites around Finnish copper-nickel smelter. The polluted had been contaminated with arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn). We performed bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing analyses 90 nests monitored body mass, fledging success, various biotic abiotic factors. findings revealed species-specific responses exposure terms both fitness microbiota. P. major C. caeruleus showed sensitivity decreased growth zone. was accompanied by shift community composition, characterized an increase some pathogenic bacteria (in nests) decrease plant-associated (within nests). Conversely, F. hypoleuca their limited indicating greater tolerance pollution-induced environmental changes. Although pollution did not correlate alpha diversity or most abundant taxa across all species, certain potential pathogens were enriched environments negatively correlated parameters. results suggest that alter composition bird either directly indirectly through changes, promoting potentially impacting survival.

Language: Английский

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Lasting benefits of embryonic eavesdropping on parent-parent communication

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(35)

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Developing embryos have traditionally been viewed as passive agents in the evolution of family conflicts, with maternal substances within uterus or eggs main factors modulating later expression offspring solicitation behaviors. Yet, parent-offspring conflict theory predicts that might also rely on alternative cues to adjust demand response prenatal parental capacity for resource provisioning. Here, we show how embryonic experience vocalizations carried out by parents during nest-relief displays at incubation adaptively shapes avian development, providing lasting benefits offspring. Genetic siblings prenatally exposed different levels parent-parent communication showed differences epigenetic patterns, adrenocortical responsiveness, and food behavior. The correspondence between acoustic context positively influenced nutritional status growth rate reared communicative parents. Offspring can thus retain strong control over their own development gathering information about generosity.

Language: Английский

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