CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF ICU ADMITTED PATIENTS WITH VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN KHYBER TEACHING HOSPITAL PESHAWAR

Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(01), P. 38 - 43

Published: March 18, 2025

Objectives: To determine bacteriological profile of ICU admitted patients with ventilator associated pneumonia.Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2018 to April 2020 at department Medical ICU. total 172 were observed for clinical presentation in pneumonia. Data presented form frequency percentages.The p-value less than 0.05 considered as statistically significant.Results: Out patients, 24 (13.71%) 18 (10.2%) having Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Hypertension (HTN), respectively. Patients who received mechanical ventilation 0-5 days had a relatively low recovery rate 8.8%, the majority (91%) unfortunately expiring. In 6–10-day category, there slightly higher 14.8%, but still, (85%) did not survive. >16 ventilation, show (35.2%). The highest number bacteria isolated day’s while lowest growth 6-10 ventilated patients. antibiotics susceptibility, are variations antibiotic eff ectiveness across different bacterial strains antibiotics. Fosfomycin Tigecycline ect against all except Acinobacter baumannii Colistin effective Pseudomonas.Conclusion: on lower chances early days, those longer showed better outcomes. common comorbidities. Bacterial ventilation. Antibiotics like whereas also ective all, Pseudomonas.

Language: Английский

Legionnaires’ disease: A review of emerging public health threats

International Journal of One Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 62 - 77

Published: March 1, 2025

Background and Aim: Legionnaires’ disease (LD), caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Legionella pneumophila, has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its rising incidence high morbidity mortality rates. This review comprehensively examines etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, prevention of LD. The thrives in aquatic environments, often within biofilms protozoan hosts, contributing resilience widespread distribution natural man-made water systems. Transmission primarily occurs through inhalation contaminated aerosols, with immunocompromised individuals, elderly, smokers being at heightened risk. Clinically, LD presents severe pneumonia systemic involvement, diagnosis relies on culture, urinary antigen tests, molecular methods. treatment landscape is dominated macrolides fluoroquinolones, emerging research into alternative therapies combat antimicrobial resistance. Effective strategies, including rigorous management practices infection control measures, are vital mitigating risk outbreaks. aims enhance awareness inform initiatives elucidating complex interplay between bacterial virulence, host factors, environmental conditions that contribute transmission persistence. A better understanding these dynamics crucial for developing robust ultimately reducing global burden this potentially life-threatening disease. Keywords: disease, pneumonia, health, waterborne pathogens.

Language: Английский

Bacterial Superinfections After SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, Impact on Inflammatory Profiles, Severity Scores, and Clinical Outcomes

Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(5), P. 145 - 145

Published: May 9, 2025

Background and Objectives: Secondary bacterial pneumonia can substantially worsen the clinical trajectory of patients hospitalized for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to characterize superinfections in COVID-19, including pathogen profiles, resistance patterns, inflammatory responses, severity scores, ICU admission risk. Methods: In a retrospective cohort design, we reviewed 141 admitted single tertiary-care hospital between February 2021 December 2024. A total 58 had laboratory-confirmed superinfection by sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage, or blood cultures (superinfection group), whereas 83 COVID-19 without any documented pathogens (COVID-only group). We collected detailed microbiological data from lavage (BAL), cultures. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was performed using standard breakpoints multidrug (MDR). Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index) indices Acute Physiology Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, Confusion, Urea, Respiratory rate, Blood pressure (CURB), National Early Warning Score (NEWS) were measured at admission. Primary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) admission, mechanical ventilation, mortality. Results: Patients group showed significantly elevated scores compared COVID-only (mean APACHE II 17.2 vs. 13.8; p < 0.001). Pathogens most frequently isolated sputum BAL Klebsiella pneumoniae (27.6%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (20.7%). Multidrug-resistant strains 32.8% isolates. The higher admissions (37.9% 19.3%; = 0.01) more frequent ventilation (25.9% 9.6%; 0.01). Mortality trended among superinfected (15.5% 7.2%; 0.09). 34% prior antibiotic use, which independently predicted MDR (aOR 2.6, presence such as (OR 2.8), 2.5), Staphylococcus aureus 2.1) increases risk Conclusions: Bacterial exacerbates inflammation worsens patients,

Language: Английский