OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook DOI

OECD science, technology and innovation outlook, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 5, 2016

The OECD Science, Technology and Innovation Outlook 2023 is the latest in a series that reviews key trends science, technology, innovation (STI) policy countries several major partner economies.This edition focuses on longstanding -including climate change growing geopolitical tensions -and recent disruptions, notably COVID-19 pandemic, have highlighted risk, uncertainty resilience as conditions concerns for STI policy.Taken together, these contributed to "securitisation" of policy.As pandemic has shown, essential building capacity resiliency adaptation shocks.However, it can only perform this role effectively if well-prepared respond known risks unknown uncertainties.Good preparation requires long-term investments research development, skills infrastructures, but alone insufficient.It also needs strong relationships "normal times" among those who should mobilise rapidly deal with crisis situations, well "strategic intelligence" identify, monitor evaluate emerging responses.Ambitions systems absorb, to, recover from crises societal challenges they emerge represents distinct break status quo.Novel experimental configurations actors, institutions, practices are needed improve relevance outputs crises, challenges, everyday lives citizens.This particularly so emergency, which nothing short total transformation sociotechnical areas such energy, agrifood mobility.STI roles transformations, governments must be more ambitious act greater urgency their policies.They need design portfolios enable transformative new markets emerge, challenge existing fossil-based systems, create windows opportunity low-carbon technologies through.This calls larger directionality innovation, example, through mission-oriented policies, help direct compress cycle technologies.International co-operation will essential, rising tensions, including strategic competition technologies, could make difficult.Growing efforts reduce technology dependencies disrupt integrated global value chains deep extensive international science linkages built up over last 30 years.Coupled emphasis "shared values" development research, developments lead "decoupling" activities at time when change, require solutions underpinned by co-operation.A test multilateralism reconcile address like change.The six chapters explore other issues, governance policies net-zero, lessons scientific response pandemic.Taken highlight urgency, ambition, preparedness better equip tools capacities tackle build future shocks.

Language: Английский

Increasing diversity in developmental cognitive neuroscience: A roadmap for increasing representation in pediatric neuroimaging research DOI
Luz M. Garcini, Maria M. Arredondo, Obianuju O. Berry

et al.

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 101167 - 101167

Published: Oct. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

43
Spillover of Vaccine Hesitancy into Adult COVID-19 and Influenza: The Role of Race, Religion, and Political Affiliation in the United States DOI Open Access

Victoria Zhang,

Peiyao Zhu,

Abram L. Wagner

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 3376 - 3376

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Due to its potential lead vaccine delays and refusals, hesitancy has attracted increased attention throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. It is crucial investigate whether demographic patterns differ between adult general flu non-receipt.

Language: Английский

Citations

31
The political representation of minoritized groups in times of crisis: Covid-19 and beyond DOI Creative Commons
Stefanie Walter,

Saskia Glas

Ethnic and Racial Studies, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: June 14, 2024

Minoritized groups have been severely affected by the Covid-19 pandemic, highlighting need to better understand how they and their interests were (not) represented in political process during this challenging period. We identify common unique features of past crises, discuss why pandemic may a moment for change before identifying gaps research. Finally, we present seven articles Special Issue that analyze representation minoritized politics, news media online. This brings together diverse group scholars using different theoretical approaches, methodologies data sources. Using interdisciplinary intersectional perspectives, shed new light on people's across globe, focusing ethnic racial experienced themselves.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Addressing Anti‐Black Racism in Bioethics: Responding to the Call DOI
Faith E. Fletcher, Keisha Ray, Virginia Brown

et al.

The Hastings Center Report, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 52(S1)

Published: March 1, 2022

As a field concerned with ethical issues in health and care, particularly how structures, policies, practices unfairly advantage some disadvantage others, bioethics has moral obligation to address the long-standing challenges that racism posed overall well-being of Black, Indigenous, Latinx people other color. Arguably, premature death disease disproportionately affecting Black Americans well-documented association such illness are have not gained due attention bioethics. This multiauthored report highlights intergenerational work mostly scholars aims create an agenda for addresses anti-Black ways which this form threatens actualization justice only minoritized groups but also all people. special contains five major sections representing different approaches scholarship, including theoretical, empirical, narrative forms. The first section features two target articles focused on care settings, each article accompanied by commentaries. second includes four essays thematically centered around equity research practice. Section three explore next consists framing braver, bolder, broader We conclude powerful tribute late Marian Gray Secundy, luminary, friend, colleague, role model, mentor, tie binds together many who prioritize social their scholarship praxis.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
The importance of trustworthiness: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic DOI Creative Commons
Mary B. Leonard, DeWayne M. Pursley, Lisa A. Robinson

et al.

Pediatric Research, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 91(3), P. 482 - 485

Published: Dec. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

30
Addressing COVID-19 Testing Inequities Among Underserved Populations in Massachusetts: A Rapid Qualitative Exploration of Health Center Staff, Partner, and Resident Perceptions DOI Creative Commons
Rebekka M. Lee,

Veronica L. Handunge,

Samantha L. Augenbraun

et al.

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: March 24, 2022

Access to COVID-19 testing has been inequitable and misaligned with community need. However, health centers have played a critical role in addressing the needs of historically disadvantaged communities. The aim this paper is explore perceptions barriers six Massachusetts communities that are predominantly low income describe how these findings were used build tailored clinical-community strategies inequities.

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Racial disparities in EEG research and their implications for our understanding of the maternal brain DOI Open Access
Francesca Penner, Kathryn M. Wall, Kathleen Guan

et al.

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 1 - 16

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

22
Perceptions of COVID-19 self-testing and recommendations for implementation and scale-up among Black/African Americans: implications for the COVID-19 STEP project DOI Creative Commons
Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Chisom Obiezu‐Umeh,

Hassim Diallo

et al.

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: June 20, 2022

Abstract Background COVID-19 self-testing (ST) is an innovative strategy with the potential to increase access and uptake of testing ultimately limit spread virus. To maximize reach this promising inform intervention development scale up, research needed understand acceptability willingness use tool. This vital ensure that Black/African Americans are reached by Biden-Harris Administration’s free national ST program. study aimed explore recommendations promote scale-up among Americans. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional qualitative using semi-structured questionnaire assess barriers facilitators convenience sample 28 self-identified from schools, community centers, faith-based institutions in Ohio Maryland. Inductive content analysis was identify categories subcategories related for implementing scaling up communities. Results Participants perceived as acceptable tool beneficial prevent transmission address some associated health facility testing, such transportation cost human contact at facility. However, concerns were raised regarding accurate kits costs. Recommendations included engagement stakeholders disseminate information about creating culturally appropriate education tools knowledge clear instructions how properly kits. Based on these recommendations, STEP (Self-Testing Education Promotion) Project being developed will involve engaging partners barbers, church leaders, other community-based organizations Conclusion Findings showed most participants considered valuable encouraging testing. accuracy may pose barriers. Future work should consider interventions leverage benefits further extent which identified influence uptake.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
COVID-19 vaccination acceptability and experiences among people who inject drugs in San Diego County DOI Creative Commons
Chad J. Valasek, Samantha Streuli, Heather A. Pines

et al.

Preventive Medicine Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30, P. 101989 - 101989

Published: Sept. 19, 2022

People who inject drugs (PWID) face increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition and severe disease, yet COVID-19 vaccine uptake has been suboptimal. To inform vaccination interventions tailored for the needs this population, we explored acceptability experiences among PWID in San Diego County, USA. From September-November 2021, conducted qualitative interviews with aged ≥18 years were participating a prospective study infectious disease risks Diego. Thematic analysis coded interview transcripts focused on identifying barriers facilitators to vaccination. Of 28 participants, 15 reported having had ≥1 dose vaccine, primarily received through community health centers, pharmacies, jails, homeless shelters. We identified three key vaccination: (1) low perceived (or belief natural immunity), (2) institutional distrust (e.g., pharmaceutical companies government agencies that "rushed" development, approval, distribution), (3) conflicting information from news, social media, peers. also vaccination, including heightened personal interpersonal safety concerns, service outreach efforts make vaccines more accessible, delivered by trusted sources or workers). Tailored intervention strategies increase should involve literacy motivation while decreasing structural access.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
From the national to the local: Issues of trust and a model for community-academic-engagement DOI Creative Commons

Olufunmilayo Makinde Chinekezi,

Lauri Andress,

Etsemaye P. Agonafer

et al.

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 24, 2023

Inequities in health and care the United States have persisted for decades, impacts on equity from COVID-19 pandemic were no exception. In addition to disproportionate burden of disease across various populations, posed several challenges, which exacerbated these existing inequities. This has undoubtedly contributed deeply rooted public mistrust medical research healthcare delivery, particularly among historically structurally oppressed populations. summer 2020, given series social injustices by highly publicized incidents police brutality, notably murder George Floyd, Association American Medical Colleges (AAMC) enlisted help a national collaborative, AAMC Collaborative Health Equity: Act, Research, Generate Evidence (CHARGE) 1 establish three-way partnership that would gather prioritize community perspectives lived experiences multiple regions US role academic medicals centers (AMCs) advancing justice. Given physical gathering constraints pandemic, virtual interviews conducted with 30 racially ethnically diverse members country who expressed their views how education, clinical care, could or did impact experiences. These framed within context relationship between groups vaccine trials underway. From formed AAMC, CHARGE participants, groups, qualitative methods provided supporting other literature lack trust communities AMCs. led development Principles Trustworthiness (PoT) Toolkit, features ten principles inspired members' insights into AMCs can demonstrate they are worthy community's 2 . end, serves as successful model organizations engaged processes elicit describing relationships communities.

Language: Английский

Citations

11