Research Square (Research Square),
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 9, 2025
Abstract
Recent
scientific
and
technological
breakthroughs
have
led
to
the
development
of
highly
sensitive
biosensing
technologies
for
pathogen
identification.
Surface
plasmon
resonance
(SPR)
has
emerged
as
an
environmentally
friendly
efficient
label-free
detection
technique
in
clinical
research,
particularly
examining
biomolecular
interactions,
including
those
involving
hemoglobin.
Hematologic
malignancies
include
several
forms
malignancy
that
mostly
impact
blood,
bone
marrow,
lymphatic
system.
This
research
introduces
innovative
surface
biosensor
utilizing
silver
(Ag),
perovskite
oxide
(PO),
MXene
(Ti₃C₂Tₓ)
nanostructures
precise
blood
cancer
via
hemoglobin
concentration
assessment.
SPR
sensors
provide
label-free,
real-time
detection,
rendering
them
suitable
diagnostics,
especially
identification
hematologic
like
leukemia,
which
is
marked
by
changed
levels.
To
improve
sensor
performance,
we
methodically
examined
different
materials
(BaTiO₃,
SrTiO₃,
CaTiO₃,
PbTiO₃)
tuned
their
thicknesses.
Among
these
materials,
PbTiO₃
exhibited
exceptional
sensitivity
(up
664.28°/RIU
at
a
thickness
5
nm),
although
CaTiO₃
displayed
highest
quality
factor
(QF
=
110
RIU⁻¹),
signifying
remarkable
sharpness
precision.
The
integration
layers
enhanced
owing
optical
electrical
characteristics,
with
peak
around
580°/RIU.
Nonetheless,
incorporation
significantly
expanded
dip,
resulting
minor
decrease
factor.
A
comprehensive
investigation
revealed
optimum
arrangement
(Ag-PbTiO₃-MXene)
layer
thicknesses
d2
4
nm
(PbTiO₃)
d3
1
(MXene),
achieving
exemplary
equilibrium
between
elevated
(557.14°/RIU)
substantial
QF
(96.05
RIU⁻¹).
These
findings
underscore
essential
trade-offs
augmentation
sharpness,
highlighting
necessity
meticulous
material
selection
optimization.
suggested
design
exhibits
considerable
promise
sophisticated
biomedical
early
hematological
accurate
