Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(4), P. 812 - 812
Published: April 17, 2024
The
gut
microbiome
has
been
associated
with
visceral
fat
(VAT)
in
European
and
Asian
populations;
however,
associations
VAT
ectopic
fats
among
African-ancestry
individuals
are
not
known.
Our
objective
was
to
investigate
cross-sectional
of
fecal
microbiota
diversity
composition
fat,
as
well
body
mass
index
(BMI),
middle-aged
older
African
Caribbean
men.
We
included
our
analysis
n
=
193
men
(mean
age
62.2
±
7.6
years;
mean
BMI
28.3
4.9
kg/m2)
from
the
Tobago
Health
Study.
assessed
using
V4
16s
rRNA
gene
sequencing.
evaluated
multivariable-adjusted
features
(alpha
diversity,
beta
differential
abundance)
computed
tomography-measured
(pericardial
intermuscular
fat;
muscle
liver
attenuation).
Lower
alpha
higher
BMI,
somewhat
pericardial
fat.
VAT,
each
explained
similar
levels
variance
diversity.
Gram-negative
Prevotellaceae
Negativicutes
showed
positive
associations,
while
gram-positive
Ruminococcaceae
inverse
fats.
Fecal
measures
general
adiposity
also
extend
metabolically
pernicious
accumulation
Gut Microbes,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: April 30, 2023
The
gut
microbiota
is
a
complex
and
diverse
ecosystem
comprised
of
trillions
microbes
plays
an
essential
role
in
host's
immunity,
metabolism,
even
behaviors.
Environmental
host
factors
drive
the
huge
variations
microbiome
among
individuals.
Here,
we
summarize
accumulated
evidences
about
genetic
effect
on
microbial
compositions
with
emphases
correlation
between
kinship
similarity
compositions,
heritability
estimates
taxa,
identification
genomic
variants
associated
pigs
as
well
humans.
A
proportion
bacterial
taxa
have
been
reported
to
be
heritable,
numerous
diversity
or
specific
identified
both
humans
pigs.
LCT
ABO
gene
replicated
multiple
studies,
its
mechanism
elucidated
clearly.
We
also
discuss
main
advantages
challenges
using
experimental
animals
exploring
composition
provided
our
insights
perspectives
this
area.
Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
51(10), P. 983 - 996
Published: May 6, 2024
The
virome
is
the
most
abundant
and
highly
variable
microbial
consortium
in
gut.
Because
of
difficulties
isolating
culturing
gut
viruses
lack
reference
genomes,
has
remained
a
relatively
elusive
aspect
human
microbiome.
In
recent
years,
studies
on
have
accumulated
growing
evidence
showing
that
diet-modulated
widely
involved
regulating
health.
Here,
we
review
responses
to
dietary
intake
potential
health
implications,
presenting
changes
viral
community
preferences
members
particular
diets.
We
further
discuss
how
viral-bacterial
interactions
phage
lifestyle
shifts
shape
microbiota.
also
specific
functions
conferred
by
diet
bacterial
context
horizontal
gene
transfer,
as
well
import
new
along
with
diet.
Collating
these
will
expand
our
understanding
regulation
inspire
interventions
maintenance
strategies
targeting
JCO Precision Oncology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: May 1, 2024
The
increasing
focus
on
precision
medicine
to
optimize
cancer
treatments
and
improve
outcomes
is
an
opportunity
consider
equitable
engagement
of
people
racialized
as
Black
or
African
American
(B/AA)
in
biospecimen-based
research.
B/AA
have
the
highest
incidence
mortality
rates
compared
with
all
other
racial
ethnic
groups
United
States,
yet
are
under-represented
A
narrative
scoping
review
was
conducted
understand
current
literature
barriers,
facilitators,
evidence-based
strategies
associated
biospecimen
Three
comprehensive
searches
MEDLINE,
CINAHL,
Embase,
Scopus
were
conducted.
Of
770
studies
generated
by
search,
10
met
inclusion
criteria
for
this
review.
most
frequently
reported
barriers
research
lack
awareness,
fear
medical
harm,
violation
personal
health
information
privacy,
resource
constraints,
mistrust.
Key
facilitators
included
previous
exposure
research,
knowledge
about
underlying
genetic
causes
cancer,
altruism.
Recommended
increase
participation
community
engagement,
transparent
communication,
workforce
diversity,
education
training,
participant
incentives.
Inclusion
has
potential
advance
promise
oncology
patients
reduce
disparities
outcomes.
Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43, P. 100923 - 100923
Published: Dec. 11, 2024
Schizophrenia
is
a
chronic
psychiatric
disorder
characterized
by
variety
of
symptoms
broadly
categorized
into
positive,
negative,
and
cognitive
domains.
Its
etiology
multifactorial,
involving
complex
interplay
genetic,
neurobiological,
environmental
factors,
its
neurobiology
associated
with
abnormalities
in
different
neurotransmitter
systems.
Due
to
this
multifactorial
neurobiology,
leading
wide
heterogeneity
clinical
presentations,
current
antipsychotic
treatments
face
challenges,
underscoring
the
need
for
novel
therapeutic
approaches.
Recent
studies
have
revealed
differences
gut
microbiome
individuals
schizophrenia
compared
healthy
controls,
establishing
an
intricate
link
between
gastrointestinal
health,
suggesting
that
microbiota-targeted
interventions
could
help
alleviate
symptoms.
Therefore,
meta-analysis
investigates
whether
microbiota
manipulation
can
ameliorate
psychotic
outcomes
patients
receiving
pharmacological
treatment.
Nine
(n
=
417
participants)
were
selected
from
81
records,
comprising
seven
randomized
controlled
trials
two
open-label
studies,
all
low
risk
bias,
included
systematic
review
meta-analysis.
The
overall
combined
effect
size
indicated
significant
symptom
improvement
following
treatment
(Hedges'
g
0.48,
95%
CI
0.09
0.88,
p
0.004,
I2
62.35%).
However,
according
Hedges'
criteria,
was
small
(approaching
moderate),
study
moderate
based
on
criteria.
This
also
discusses
preclinical
elucidate
neural,
immune,
metabolic
pathways
which
manipulation,
particularly
Lactobacillus
Bifidobacterium
genera,
may
exert
beneficial
effects
via
gut-brain
axis.
Finally,
we
address
main
confounding
factors
identified
our
review,
highlight
key
limitations,
offer
recommendations
guide
future
high-quality
larger
participant
cohorts
explore
microbiome-based
therapies
as
primary
or
adjunctive
schizophrenia.
Microorganisms,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(4), P. 812 - 812
Published: April 17, 2024
The
gut
microbiome
has
been
associated
with
visceral
fat
(VAT)
in
European
and
Asian
populations;
however,
associations
VAT
ectopic
fats
among
African-ancestry
individuals
are
not
known.
Our
objective
was
to
investigate
cross-sectional
of
fecal
microbiota
diversity
composition
fat,
as
well
body
mass
index
(BMI),
middle-aged
older
African
Caribbean
men.
We
included
our
analysis
n
=
193
men
(mean
age
62.2
±
7.6
years;
mean
BMI
28.3
4.9
kg/m2)
from
the
Tobago
Health
Study.
assessed
using
V4
16s
rRNA
gene
sequencing.
evaluated
multivariable-adjusted
features
(alpha
diversity,
beta
differential
abundance)
computed
tomography-measured
(pericardial
intermuscular
fat;
muscle
liver
attenuation).
Lower
alpha
higher
BMI,
somewhat
pericardial
fat.
VAT,
each
explained
similar
levels
variance
diversity.
Gram-negative
Prevotellaceae
Negativicutes
showed
positive
associations,
while
gram-positive
Ruminococcaceae
inverse
fats.
Fecal
measures
general
adiposity
also
extend
metabolically
pernicious
accumulation
