Autism-related dietary preferences mediate autism-gut microbiome associations

Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 184(24), P. 5916 - 5931.e17

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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The plant endosphere world – bacterial life within plants

Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 1812 - 1829

Published: Sept. 21, 2020

Summary The plant endosphere is colonized by complex microbial communities and microorganisms, which colonize the interior at least part of their lifetime are termed endophytes. Their functions range from mutualism to pathogenicity. All organs tissues generally bacterial endophytes diversity composition depend on plant, organ its physiological conditions, growth stage as well environment. Plant‐associated in particular endophytes, have lately received high attention, because increasing awareness importance host‐associated microbiota for functioning performance host. Some endophyte known mostly lab assays, genome prediction few metagenome analyses; however, we limited understanding planta activities, particularly considering micro‐environments dynamics conditions. In our review, present recent findings environments, conditions colonization. Furthermore, discuss functions, interaction between plants methodological limitations research. We also provide an outlook needs future research improve role colonizing traits ecosystem functioning.

Language: Английский

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Microglial Depletion with CSF1R Inhibitor During Chronic Phase of Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury Reduces Neurodegeneration and Neurological Deficits

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 40(14), P. 2960 - 2974

Published: Feb. 24, 2020

Chronic neuroinflammation with sustained microglial activation occurs following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and is believed to contribute subsequent neurodegeneration neurological deficits. Microglia, the primary innate immune cells in brain, are dependent on colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling for their survival. In this preclinical study, we examined effects of delayed depletion chronically activated microglia functional recovery up 3 months postinjury. A CSF1R inhibitor, Plexxikon (PLX) 5622, was administered adult male C57BL/6J mice at month after controlled cortical impact remove microglia, inhibitor withdrawn 1-week later allow repopulation. Following TBI, repopulated displayed a ramified morphology similar that Sham uninjured mice, whereas vehicle-treated TBI showed typical chronic posttraumatic hypertrophic morphology. PLX5622 treatment limited TBI-associated neuropathological changes postinjury; these included smaller lesion, reduced hippocampal neuron cell death, decreased NOX2- NLRP3 inflammasome-associated neuroinflammation. Furthermore, led widespread transcriptome altered gene pathways involved neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuroplasticity. Using variety complementary neurobehavioral tests, PLX5622-treated also had improved long-term motor cognitive function through Together, studies demonstrate phase removal neurotoxic using inhibitors markedly reduce associated neurodegeneration, as well related SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Traumatic debilitating disorder can seriously patient's quality life. Microglial-mediated induced contributes deficits on-going neurodegenerative processes. Here, investigated effect breaking neuroinflammatory loop 1-month by pharmacological 5622. Overall, show short-term elimination during followed repopulation results improvements function, suppression stress pathways, reduction persistent These clinically relevant support new concepts therapeutic window may be far longer than traditionally if evolving microglial-mediated inhibited or regulated precise manner.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptional diversity and bioenergetic shift in human breast cancer metastasis revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing

Nature Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 310 - 320

Published: March 1, 2020

Language: Английский

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Environmental DNA reveals seasonal shifts and potential interactions in a marine community

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2020

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis allows the simultaneous examination of organisms across multiple trophic levels and domains life, providing critical information about complex biotic interactions related to ecosystem change. Here we used multilocus amplicon sequencing eDNA survey biodiversity from an eighteen-month (2015–2016) time-series seawater samples Monterey Bay, California. The resulting dataset encompasses 663 taxonomic groups (at Family or higher rank) ranging microorganisms mammals. We inferred changes in composition communities, revealing putative among taxa identifying correlations between these communities environmental properties over time. Community network provided evidence expected predator-prey relationships, linkages, seasonal shifts all life. conclude that eDNA-based analyses can provide detailed marine dynamics identify sensitive biological indicators suggest inform conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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