Gut microbiota of ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) vary across natural and captive populations and correlate with environmental microbiota

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: April 28, 2022

Inter-population variation in host-associated microbiota reflects differences the hosts' environments, but this characterization is typically based on studies comparing few populations. The diversity of natural habitats and captivity conditions occupied by any given host species has not been captured these comparisons. Moreover, intraspecific gut microbiota, generally attributed to diet, may also stem from differential acquisition environmental microbes-an understudied mechanism which microbiomes are directly shaped microbes. To more comprehensively characterize an ecologically flexible host, ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta; n = 209), while investigating role acquisition, we used 16S rRNA sequencing soil sampled up 13 settings, eight wilderness Madagascar five or U.S. Based matched fecal samples, microbial source tracking examine covariation between two types consortia.The microbes varied markedly within settings. Microbial was consistently greater wild than captive lemurs, indicating that metric necessarily indicator habitat condition. Variation composition inconsistent both with a single, representative community for conspecifics universal 'signal captivity' homogenizes consortia animals. Despite similar, commercial diets lemurs continents, were compositionally most suggesting non-dietary factors govern some variability. In particular, communities across geographic locations, samples different continents being distinct, there significant context-specific microbiota.As one broadest, single-species investigations primate our study highlights sensitive multiple scales differences. This finding begs reevaluation simple 'captive vs. wild' dichotomy. Beyond important implications animal care, health, conservation, mediate aspects further expands framework how interact landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Framework for valorizing waste- and by-products through insects and their microbiomes for food and feed

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 114358 - 114358

Published: April 19, 2024

One third of the food produced for human consumption is currently lost or wasted. Insects have a high potential converting organic waste- and by-products into feed growing population due to symbiosis with microorganisms. These symbioses provide an untapped reservoir functional microbiomes that can be used improve industrial insect production but are poorly studied in most species. Here we review current understanding challenges valorizing through insects their feed, emerging novel technologies investigate manipulate host(insects)-microbiome interactions. We further construct holistic framework, by integration including holo-omics, genome editing, breeding, phage therapy, administration prebiotics probiotics interactions, solutions achieving stakeholder acceptance sustainable production.

Language: Английский

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The biogeography of host‐associated bacterial microbiomes: Revisiting classic biodiversity patterns

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(6), P. 931 - 944

Published: March 18, 2023

Abstract Background The question of which ecological and evolutionary processes structure the distribution biodiversity has intrigued scientists for centuries, historically, inferences have been gained predominantly by studying animals plants. Although substantial progress made towards understanding multitude factors that shape host‐associated microbial communities (i.e., microbiomes), it remains largely unknown whether large‐scale geographical patterns in diversity observed macroorganisms also apply their microbiomes are shaped same appear key determining biogeographical hosts. microbiome We discuss challenges potential approaches biogeography, with goal inspiring future lines research can stimulate development new theory field. examples presented here focus specifically on bacterial microbiomes, we give an overview beginning to examine some classic central fields ecology evolution. Potential impacts variation host evolution Microbiome particularly important consider because microbes crucial many aspects biology how more comprehensive knowledge at individual population levels might be

Language: Английский

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Feeding Drosophila gut microbiomes from young and old flies modifies the microbiome

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 2, 2024

Abstract It is becoming increasingly evident that the myriad of microbes in gut, within cells and attached to body parts (or roots plants), play crucial roles for host. Although this has been known decades, recent developments molecular biology allow expanded insight into abundance function these microbes. Here we used vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster , investigate fitness measures across lifetime flies fed a suspension gut harvested from young or old flies, respectively. Our hypothesis was constitutively enriched with ‘Young microbiome’ would live longer be more agile at age (i.e. have increased healthspan) compared an ‘Old microbiome’. Three major take home messages came out our study: (1) microbiomes differ markedly; (2) feeding Young Old altered microbiome recipient (3) two different microbial diets did not any effect on locomotor activity nor lifespan contradicting working hypothesis. Combined, results provide novel interplay between hosts their clearly highlight phenotypic effects transplants probiotics can complex unpredictable.

Language: Английский

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Microbial solutions to dietary stress: experimental evolution reveals host–microbiome interplay in Drosophila melanogaster

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 292(2043)

Published: March 1, 2025

Can the microbiome serve as a reservoir of adaptive potential for hosts? To address this question, we leveraged approximately 150 generations experimental evolution in Drosophila melanogaster on stressful, high-sugar diet. We performed fully reciprocal transplant experiment using control and bacteria. If confers benefits to hosts, then recipients should gain fitness compared with controls. Interestingly, found that such exist, but their magnitude depends evolutionary history—mismatches between fly reduced fecundity potentially exerted costs, especially stressful The dominant bacteria ( Acetobacter pasteurianus ) uniquely encoded several genes enable uric acid degradation, mediating toxic effects accumulation due diet flies. Our study demonstrates host genotype × environment interactions have substantial phenotype, highlighting how ecological context together shape microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Population structure and adaptability analysis of Schizothorax o’connori based on whole-genome resequencing

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Feb. 6, 2024

Abstract Background Schizothorax o’connori is an endemic fish distributed in the upper and lower reaches of Yarlung Zangbo River China. It has experienced a fourth round whole gene replication events good model for exploring genetic differentiation environmental adaptability Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The uplift Plateau led to changes river system, thereby affecting exchange population between populations. With release genome data, resequencing been widely used evolutionary analysis screening selected genes fish, which can better elucidate basis molecular adaptation mechanisms fish. Therefore, our purpose this study was understand structure adaptive characteristics S. using whole-genome method . Results results showed that 23,602,746 SNPs were identified from seven populations, mostly on chromosomes 2 23. There no significant diversity relatively low. However, Zangga could be separated Bomi, Linzhi, Milin populations cluster analysis. Based historical dynamics population, size ancestral affected by late accelerated Qinghai Tibet Fourth Glacial Age. sites enriched pathways related DNA repair energy metabolism. Conclusion Overall, provides valuable insights into obvious at level upstream downstream River. current distribution pattern are influenced Ice metabolism adapt low temperature strong ultraviolet radiation environment high altitude.

Language: Английский

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The disciplinary matrix of holobiont biology

Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 386(6723), P. 731 - 732

Published: Nov. 14, 2024

Uniting life's seen and unseen realms guides a conceptual advance in research.

Language: Английский

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Population mixing mediates the intestinal flora composition and facilitates invasiveness in a globally invasive fruit fly

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Sept. 28, 2023

Changes in population heterozygosity and genetic diversity play important roles mediating life history traits of organisms; these changes often lead to phenotypic evolution offspring, which become superior their parents. In the present study, we examined differentiation, intestinal microbiome composition, metabolism shift oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) by comparing an inbred (monophyletic) original outbred (mixed) invasive population.The results showed that B. dorsalis had significantly higher biomass, adult longevity, fecundity than population. Additionally, microflora analysis revealed both Diutina rugosa Komagataeibacter saccharivorans were enriched with heterozygosity. D. enrichment altered amino acid tract, supplementing essential acids (e.g. histidine glutamine) diet led increase pupal weight transcriptome HSPA1S gene was downregulated involved activation JNK-MAPK pathway through negative regulation, caused upregulation juvenile hormone (JH), biomass flies.In conclusion, microbe transcriptional leading differentiation; this may be a potential mechanism driving global invasion dorsalis. Thus, multiple introductions could invasiveness enhancement mixing, providing preliminary evidence can promote biological invasion. Video Abstract.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the gut microbiome and the influence of host genetics on a critically endangered primate, the northern muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus)

Environmental DNA, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract The Northern muriqui ( Brachyteles hypoxanthus ) is one of the world's most critically endangered primates, with only ~1000 mature individuals remaining in wild. Habitat loss and hunting have led to its sharp decline, making conservation efforts crucial. Analyses gut microbiomes wild populations can provide valuable information on host health vulnerability, ultimately, contribute baseline knowledge toward improving programs reintroduction efforts. In this study, we analyzed microbiome (16S rRNA metabarcoding) fecal samples belonging 53 uniquely genotyped from three social groups Caparaó National Park, aiming first assessment diversity composition for species. Our results showed was predominantly composed phyla Bacteroidetes Firmicutes, dominant classes represented by Bacteroidia Clostridia. High similarity bacterial found distinct groups, suggesting a negligible geographical effect at fine spatial scale analyzed. No significant genotype heterozygosity levels microbiota recovered, but influence genetic distance community structure demonstrated. findings stress importance considering associations between genetics suggest that similar composition. This detailed aid actions, including future anthropogenic impact assessments animal reintroductions.

Language: Английский

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The overlooked biodiversity loss

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(10), P. 889 - 891

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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