COVID-19 Epidemiology in Fragile Contexts: A Descriptive Analysis of COVID-19 in Host Communities in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh During the First Year of the Pandemic DOI
Lindsay Salem-Bango,

Marhaeni Hasan,

Jogie Abucejo Agbogan

et al.

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Objectives In 2020, COVID-19 modeling studies predicted rapid epidemic growth and quickly overwhelmed health systems in humanitarian fragile settings due to preexisting vulnerabilities limited resources. Despite the growing evidence from Bangladesh, no study has examined epidemiology of out-of-camp Cox’s Bazar during first year pandemic (March 2020-March 2021). This paper aims fill this gap. Methods Secondary data analyses were conducted on case testing World Health Organization national information system via District Information Software 2. Results was characterized by a large peak June followed smaller wave August/September new March 2021. Males more likely be tested than females (68% vs. 32%, P < 0.001) had higher incidence rates (305.29/100 000 males 114.90/100 female, 0.001). Mortality significantly associated with age (OR: 87.3; 95% CI: 21.03-350.16, but not sex. Disparities existed among upazilas. Conclusions Incidence lower expected, indicators comparable national-level data. These findings are influenced younger population age, high isolation rates, low capacity. With extremely limited, true mortality higher, highlighting importance improving disease surveillance settings. Data incompleteness fragmentation main limitations.

Language: Английский

Adverse childhood experiences and lifelong health DOI
Zulfiqar A Bhutta,

Supriya Bhavnani,

Theresa S. Betancourt

et al.

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(7), P. 1639 - 1648

Published: July 1, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

73
COVID-19 related disruption and resilience in immunisation activities in LMICs: a rapid review DOI Creative Commons
Anna-Maria Hartner, Xiang Li, Katy A. M. Gaythorpe

et al.

BMJ Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(8), P. e076607 - e076607

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

We conducted a rapid review to determine the extent that immunisation services in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) were disrupted by COVID-19 pandemic synthesised factors can be used build resilience future. Rapid reported accordance with Preferred reporting for Systematic reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. PubMed Web of Science searched through 6 October 2023. included studies focused on disruption activities due LMICs. Outcomes routine vaccine coverage, supplementary activities, doses, timing vaccination, supply chain changes, contributing or resilience. Two independent reviewers standardised methods search, screen code studies. Quality assessment was performed using modified version Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative research. Findings summarised qualitatively. Of 4978 identified studies, 85 met eligibility criteria. Included showed declines across LMICs related pandemic. These reductions achieved cancellation postponement campaigns underimmunised cohorts. Immunisation most early months pandemic; however, recovery varied country, age-group vaccine. Though many observed partial 2020, continued into 2021. It has also been noted clinician staff shortages stock-outs caused disruptions contributed delays, but concern over transmission leading factor. Key resiliency community outreach healthcare worker support. There is limited information whether vaccination coverage delays have persisted beyond Further research needed assess ongoing identify missed

Language: Английский

Citations

3
A Low-Cost, Integrated Immunization, Health, and Nutrition Intervention in Conflict Settings in Pakistan—The Impact on Zero-Dose Children and Polio Coverage DOI Creative Commons
Amira M. Khan, Imran Ahmed, Muhammad Jawwad

et al.

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 185 - 185

Published: Feb. 20, 2024

Pakistan is one of two countries globally still endemic for poliovirus. While increasing immunization coverage a concern, providing equitable access to care also priority, especially conflict-affected populations. Recognizing these challenges, Naunehal, an integrated model maternal, newborn, and child health (MNCH), immunization, nutrition services delivered through community mobilization, mobile outreach, private-sector engagement was implemented in union councils (UCs) with high poliovirus transmission, including Kharotabad 1(Quetta, Balochistan) Bakhmal Ahmedzai (Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). A quasi-experimental pre–post-design used assess the impact interventions between April 2021 2022, baseline endline survey. For each intervention UCs, separate, matched-control UC identified. At endline, proportion fully immunized children increased significantly from 27.5% 51.0% UCs difference-in-difference (DiD) estimate 13.6%. The zero-dose non-recipients routine (NR-RI) decreased 31.6% 0.9% 31.9% 3.4%, respectively, significant decrease latter group. Scaling up assessing adoption feasibility improve can inform policymakers viability such contexts.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Enhancing Student Engagement and Performance Evaluation: An Integrated Approach for Quality Learning Management System DOI

Sazzad Hussain Farhaan,

Md Mahmudul Hasan,

Fahim Mahtabul Ghani

et al.

Lecture notes in networks and systems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 221 - 231

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Health care utilisation in Cox’s Bazar district, Bangladesh, during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-methods study among host communities DOI Creative Commons
Chiara Altare, Natalya Kostandova, Md. Abul Hasan

et al.

Global Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

To respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, countries introduced public health and social measures that had indirect societal, economic consequences. Concerns during epidemics include continuity of routine services. We investigate how healthcare utilisation seeking behaviour changed first year pandemic among host communities in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. This mixed-methods study combines quantitative analyses data population-based findings about behaviours. Trends consultations according facility level (higher-level facilities included Upazila Health Complexes District Hospitals; lower-level Community Clinics Union Family Welfare Centers). At pandemic’s beginning, drops were seen at higher-level for outpatient department (OPD) consultations, respiratory infections, antenatal care. Minor reductions or increases same Half subdistricts reported a cumulative increase OPD tract infection consultations. Most decrease Child vaccinations dropped all subdistricts, half which did not catch-up, resulting delivered doses. Fear contracting financial constraints main reasons decreased access. Drivers behaviours should be better understood guide preparedness service delivery modalities primary secondary levels.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
COVID-19 Epidemiology in Fragile Contexts: A Descriptive Analysis of COVID-19 in Host Communities in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh During the First Year of the Pandemic DOI
Lindsay Salem-Bango,

Marhaeni Hasan,

Jogie Abucejo Agbogan

et al.

Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Objectives In 2020, COVID-19 modeling studies predicted rapid epidemic growth and quickly overwhelmed health systems in humanitarian fragile settings due to preexisting vulnerabilities limited resources. Despite the growing evidence from Bangladesh, no study has examined epidemiology of out-of-camp Cox’s Bazar during first year pandemic (March 2020-March 2021). This paper aims fill this gap. Methods Secondary data analyses were conducted on case testing World Health Organization national information system via District Information Software 2. Results was characterized by a large peak June followed smaller wave August/September new March 2021. Males more likely be tested than females (68% vs. 32%, P < 0.001) had higher incidence rates (305.29/100 000 males 114.90/100 female, 0.001). Mortality significantly associated with age (OR: 87.3; 95% CI: 21.03-350.16, but not sex. Disparities existed among upazilas. Conclusions Incidence lower expected, indicators comparable national-level data. These findings are influenced younger population age, high isolation rates, low capacity. With extremely limited, true mortality higher, highlighting importance improving disease surveillance settings. Data incompleteness fragmentation main limitations.

Language: Английский

Citations

0