Climate‐related range shifts – a global multidimensional synthesis and new research directions

Ecography, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 38(1), P. 15 - 28

Published: June 2, 2014

Poleward and upward shifts are the most frequent types of range that have been reported in response to contemporary climate change. However, number reports documenting other – such as east‐west directions across longitudes or, even more unexpectedly, towards tropical latitudes lower elevations is increasing rapidly. Recent studies show these may not be so unexpected once local changes accounted for. We here provide an updated synthesis fast‐moving research on climate‐related shifts. By describing current state art geographical patterns species under change for plants animals both terrestrial marine ecosystems, we identified a shortfalls. In addition recognised geographic shortfall tropics, found taxonomic methodological shortfalls with knowledge gaps regarding prokaryotes, lowland plants, bathymetric plants. Based this review, agenda filling gaps. outline comprehensive framework assessing multidimensional distributions, which should then contrasted expectations based indices, velocity measures accounting complex changes. Finally, propose unified classification shifts, arranged bi‐dimensional space defined by species’ persistence movement rates. Placing observed expected into lead informed assessments extinction risks.

Language: Английский

---

Future HAB science: Directions and challenges in a changing climate

Harmful Algae, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 91, P. 101632 - 101632

Published: Sept. 30, 2019

There is increasing concern that accelerating environmental change attributed to human-induced warming of the planet may substantially alter patterns, distribution and intensity Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs). Changes in temperature, ocean acidification, precipitation, nutrient stress or availability, physical structure water column all influence productivity, composition, global range phytoplankton assemblages, but large uncertainty remains about how integration these climate drivers might shape future HABs. Presented here are collective deliberations from a symposium on HABs where research challenges understanding potential linkages between were considered, along with new directions better define linkages. In addition likely effects (temperature, salinity, stratification, light, changing storm intensity), chemical (nutrients, acidification), biological (grazer) microalgae (senso lato), participants explored more broadly subjects cyanobacterial HABs, benthic HAB fisheries, modelling challenges, contributions molecular approaches can bring studies. was consensus alongside traditional research, scientists must set courses practices deliver conceptual quantitative advances required forecast trends. These different encompass laboratory field studies, long-term observational programs, retrospectives, as well study socioeconomic aquaculture fisheries. anticipation growing problems, mitigation strategies should be priority. It recommended substantial portion among laboratories directed collectively at small sub-set species questions order fast-track our understanding. Climate-driven changes coastal oceanographic ecological systems becoming substantial, some cases exacerbated by localized human activities. That, combined slow pace decreasing carbon emissions, signals urgency for accelerate efforts across disciplines provide society necessary insights regarding

Language: Английский

---

A review of microcystin detections in Estuarine and Marine waters: Environmental implications and human health risk

Harmful Algae, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 31 - 45

Published: Nov. 29, 2016

Toxin production by harmful cyanobacteria blooms (CyanoHABs) constitutes a major, worldwide environmental threat to freshwater aquatic resources that is expected expand in scale and intensity with global climate change. Extensive literature exists on the most frequently encountered cyanotoxin, microcystin, environments. Yet, expansion of microcystin producing CyanoHABs transport contaminated inland waters estuarine coastal marine has only recently received attention. This paper synthesizes information salinity tolerance summarizes available case reports presence waters. We highlight potential food-borne exposure route humans reviewing growing body evidence shows microcystins can accumulate seafood. These cases reinforce importance nutrient reduction need for management efforts look beyond lacustrine riverine systems. Events reviewed here likely represent small proportion where affect strongly suggest increased monitoring research understand, react to, prevent ecological health problems associated problem toxic

Language: Английский

---

Observed and Projected Impacts of Climate Change on Marine Fisheries, Aquaculture, Coastal Tourism, and Human Health: An Update

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: April 19, 2016

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) states that climate change and ocean acidification are altering the oceans at a rate is unprecedented compared with recent past, leading to multifaceted impacts marine ecosystems, associated goods services, human societies. AR5 underlined key uncertainties remain regarding how synergistic changes in likely affect systems, humans respond these events. As research has accelerated rapidly following AR5, an updated synthesis of available knowledge necessary identify emerging evidence, thereby better inform policy discussions. This paper reviews literature capture corroborating, conflicting, novel findings published cut-off date for contribution AR5. Specifically, we highlight scientific developments climate-induced socioeconomic sectors, including fisheries, aquaculture tourism. New evidence continues support redistribution benefits losses multiple scales across coastal socio-ecological partly resulting from species ecosystem range shifts primary productivity. efforts have been made characterize value services context change, specific relevance ecosystem-based adaptation. Recent studies also explored interactions between climatic drivers, found strong variability different life stages. Although may improve conditions some types freshwater aquaculture, potentially providing alternative opportunities adapt wild poses risk shellfish fisheries aquaculture. increased prevalence disease under warmer temperatures uncertain, detrimentally health. induce tourism flows, substantial geospatial economic costs revenue infrastructure protection repairs. While promising, adaptation approaches still emerging, require improved understanding values communities order assess risk, aid development planning, build decision systems.

Language: Английский

---

Climate change in the Baltic Sea region: a summary

Earth System Dynamics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 457 - 593

Published: March 15, 2022

Abstract. Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge effects global warming past future changes climate Sea region is summarised assessed. The study an update Second Climate Change (BACC II) published 2015 focuses atmosphere, land, cryosphere, ocean, sediments, terrestrial marine biosphere. summaries gained palaeo-, historical, regional research, we find that main conclusions from earlier assessments still remain valid. However, new long-term, homogenous observational records, for example, Scandinavian glacier inventories, sea-level-driven saltwater inflows, so-called Major Inflows, phytoplankton species distribution, scenario simulations with improved models, glaciers, lake ice, food web, have become available. In many cases, uncertainties can now be better estimated than before because more models were included ensembles, especially Sea. With help coupled feedbacks between several components system been studied, multiple driver studies performed, e.g. projections web include fisheries, eutrophication, change. New datasets led to a revised understanding some variables such as salinity. Furthermore, it has evident natural variability, particular ocean multidecadal timescales, greater previously estimated, challenging our ability detect observed projected climate. context, first palaeoclimate regionalised are instructive. Hence, increased. addition well-known influence North Atlantic Oscillation, was found also other low-frequency modes internal Multidecadal Variability, profound region. Challenges identified, systematic discrepancy cloudiness trends difficulty confidently attributing large ecosystems Finally, compare results coastal sea assessments, Region (NOSCCA), change differ those Sea, since oceanography very different seas While dynamics dominated by tides, characterised brackish water, perennial vertical stratification southern subbasins, seasonal ice cover northern subbasins.

Language: Английский

---

Large-Scale Nutrient Dynamics in the Baltic Sea, 1970–2016

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: March 22, 2018

The Baltic Sea is one of the world's marine areas well covered by both long-term observations and oceanographic studies. It also a large coastal area in which eutrophication had already been recognised half century ago. While mechanisms are largely understood, several features less sometimes neglected, including: a) natural anthropogenic North-South East-West nutrient gradients within drainage basin ecosystems; b) compensatory potential interconnectivity between basins; c) long residence times high buffer capacity system, resulting slow responses to load reductions. Particularly important interaction d) naturally occurring saltwater inflows sporadically ventilating deep water layers e) partly man-made intensification biological oxygen consumption. Resulting redox alterations biogeochemical nitrogen phosphorus cycles locked "vicious circle" that promotes cyanobacterial fixation, thereby hindering reduction sustaining an elevated trophic state. This tight coupling environmental variation human impacts complicates scientific studies management recommendations. Our primary objective describe all these with best available data on loads, unique estimates basin-wide pools. These presented as time series empirical budgets. analysis supplemented results modelling. A second, more practical make community.

Language: Английский

---

Impact of Environmental Factors on the Regulation of Cyanotoxin Production

Toxins, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 6(7), P. 1951 - 1978

Published: June 25, 2014

Cyanobacteria are capable of thriving in almost all environments. Recent changes climatic conditions due to increased human activities favor the occurrence and severity harmful cyanobacterial bloom over world. Knowledge regulation cyanotoxins by various environmental factors is essential for effective management toxic bloom. In recent years, progress field molecular mechanisms involved cyanotoxin production has paved way assessing role on production. this review, we present an overview influence major group cyanotoxins, including microcystins, nodularin, cylindrospermopsin, anatoxins saxitoxins.

Language: Английский

---

Managing marine disease emergencies in an era of rapid change

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 371(1689), P. 20150364 - 20150364

Published: Feb. 16, 2016

Infectious marine diseases can decimate populations and are increasing among some taxa due to global change our reliance on environments. Marine become emergencies when significant ecological, economic or social impacts occur. We prepare for manage these through improved surveillance, the development iterative refinement of approaches mitigate disease its impacts. Improving surveillance requires fast, accurate diagnoses, forecasting risk real-time monitoring disease-promoting environmental conditions. Diversifying impact mitigation involves host resilience disease, reducing pathogen abundance managing factors that facilitate disease. Disease be adaptive if informed by research advances catalysed communication observers, researchers decision-makers using information-sharing platforms. Recent increases in awareness threats posed may lead policy frameworks responses management require.

Language: Английский

---

Application of Environmental DNA Metabarcoding for Predicting Anthropogenic Pollution in Rivers

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 13, 2018

Rivers are among the most threatened freshwater ecosystems, and anthropogenic activities affecting both river structures water quality. While assessing organisms can provide a comprehensive measure of river's ecological status, it is limited by traditional morphotaxonomy-based biomonitoring. Recent advances in environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding allow to identify prokaryotes eukaryotes one sequencing run, could thus unprecedented resolution. Whether such eDNA-based data be used directly predict pollution status rivers as complementation remains unknown. Here we eDNA explore main stressors along which community structure changes, method's potential for predicting based on data. We showed that broad range taxa bacterial, protistan, metazoan communities profiled with eDNA. Nutrients were driving stressor communities' structure, alpha diversity, network. specifically observed relative abundance indicative OTUs was significantly correlated nutrient levels. These up 79% accuracy testing sets. Thus, our study gives novel approach

Language: Английский

---

Patterns in the Composition of Microbial Communities from a Subtropical River: Effects of Environmental, Spatial and Temporal Factors

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 8(11), P. e81232 - e81232

Published: Nov. 14, 2013

Microbes are key components of aquatic ecosystems and play crucial roles in global biogeochemical cycles. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics planktonic microbial community composition riverine still poorly understood. In this study, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis PCR-amplified 16S 18S rRNA gene fragments multivariate statistical methods to explore patterns driving factors bacterial eukaryotic communities subtropical Jiulong River, southeast China. Both varied significantly time were spatially structured according upper stream, middle-lower stream estuary. Among all environmental measured, water temperature, conductivity, PO4-P TN/TP best related distribution community, while NOx-N transparency closest variation community. Variation partitioning, based on partial RDA, revealed that played most important structuring assemblages by explaining 11.3% 17.5% variation. pure spatial (6.5% for bacteria 9.6% eukaryotes) temporal (3.3% 5.5% also explained some distribution, thus inherent should be considered when assessing impact communities.

Language: Английский

---