Abiotic Stress in Crop Species: Improving Tolerance by Applying Plant Metabolites

Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 186 - 186

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Reductions in crop yields brought about by abiotic stress are expected to increase as climate change, and other factors, generate harsher environmental conditions regions traditionally used for cultivation. Although breeding genetically modified edited organisms have generated many varieties with greater tolerance, their practical use depends on lengthy processes, such biological cycles legal aspects. On the hand, a non-genetic approach improve yield involves exogenous application of natural compounds, including plant metabolites. In this review, we examine recent literature related different primary (proline, l-tryptophan, glutathione, citric acid) secondary (polyols, ascorbic acid, lipoic glycine betaine, α-tocopherol, melatonin) metabolites improving tolerance stress. We focus drought, saline, heavy metal, temperature parameters that forecast become more extreme or frequent continues alter. The benefits applications often evaluated measuring effects metabolic, biochemical, morphological variety plants, which usually result improved when applied greenhouse field. As strategy has proven be an effective way raise stress, also discuss prospect its widespread implementation short term.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin Mediates Enhancement of Stress Tolerance in Plants

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(5), P. 1040 - 1040

Published: Feb. 27, 2019

Melatonin is a multifunctional signaling molecule, ubiquitously distributed in different parts of plants and responsible for stimulating several physiological responses to adverse environmental conditions. In the current review, we showed that biosynthesis melatonin occurred by themselves, accumulation fluctuated sharply modulating its metabolic pathways under stress Melatonin, with precursors derivatives, acted as powerful growth regulator, bio-stimulator, antioxidant, which delayed leaf senescence, lessened photosynthesis inhibition, improved redox homeostasis antioxidant system through direct scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen (RNS) abiotic biotic addition, exogenous boosted growth, photosynthetic, activities plants, confirming their tolerances against drought, unfavorable temperatures, salinity, heavy metals, acid rain, pathogens. However, future research, together recent advancements, would support emerging new approaches adopt strategies overcoming effect hazardous environments on crops may have potential implications expanding crop cultivation harsh Thus, farming communities consumers will benefit from elucidating food safety concerns.

Language: Английский

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Arabidopsis serotonin N‐acetyltransferase knockout mutant plants exhibit decreased melatonin and salicylic acid levels resulting in susceptibility to an avirulent pathogen

Journal of Pineal Research, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 58(3), P. 291 - 299

Published: Feb. 5, 2015

Abstract Serotonin N ‐acetyltransferase ( SNAT ) is the penultimate enzyme in melatonin biosynthesis pathway plants. We examined effects of gene inactivation two Arabidopsis T‐ DNA insertion mutant lines. After inoculation with avirulent pathogen Pseudomonas syringe pv. tomato DC 3000 harboring elicitor avrRpt2 Pst ‐avrRpt2), levels snat knockout lines were 50% less than wild‐type Col‐0 The exhibited susceptibility to infection that coincided decreased induction defense genes including PR 1 , ICS and PDF . 2 Because acts upstream salicylic acid SA synthesis, reduced led compared wild‐type, suggesting increased could be attributed subsequent attenuation induction. Exogenous treatment failed induce expression nahG plants, but restored In addition, caused translocation NPR (nonexpressor 1) protein from cytoplasm into nucleus indicating melatonin‐elicited resistance response attack ‐dependent

Language: Английский

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Melatonin and Its Protective Role against Biotic Stress Impacts on Plants

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 54 - 54

Published: Dec. 28, 2019

Biotic stress causes immense damage to agricultural products worldwide and raises the risk of hunger in many areas. Plants themselves tolerate biotic stresses via several pathways, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which trigger immunity plant resistance (R) proteins. On other hand, humans use non-ecofriendly methods control stresses, such as chemical applications. Compared with control, melatonin is an ecofriendly compound that economical alternative strategy can be used protect animals plants from attacks pathogens. In plants, bactericidal capacity was verified against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, well multidrug-resistant Gram-negative -positive bacteria under vitro conditions. Regarding plant-bacteria interaction, has presented effective antibacterial activities phytobacterial plant-fungi interaction models, found play a key role Botrytis cinerea, increase fungicide susceptibility, reduce tolerance Phytophthora infestans. plant-virus not only efficiently eradicated apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) shoots (making it useful for production virus-free plants) but also reduced tobacco mosaic (TMV) viral RNA concentration infected Nicotiana glutinosa Solanum lycopersicum seedlings. Indeed, unique advantages growth regulation increasing effectiveness different forms abiotic stress. Although considerable work been done regarding its remains unclear requires clarification. our review, we summarize accomplished so far; highlight melatonin's function pathogens bacteria, viruses, fungi; determine direction required future studies on this topic.

Language: Английский

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Melatonin increases chilling tolerance in postharvest peach fruit by alleviating oxidative damage

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 10, 2018

Melatonin has been reported to alleviate chilling symptoms in postharvest peach fruit during cold storage, however, the mechanism involved is largely unknown. To better understand its role tolerance, here we investigated effects of melatonin on oxidative damage subjected after harvest. Chilling injury peaches was dramatically reduced by treatment. induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content at early stage storage but inhibited accumulation thereafter. Meanwhile, also up-regulated expression genes antioxidant responses peaches. In addition, compared control fruit, treated with displayed higher transcript abundance ascorbic acid (AsA) biosynthetic and consequently increased AsA content. Our results suggested that response chilling, high H2O2 level initial time may work as a signaling molecule induce protective mechanisms via up-regulating antioxidative increasing On other hand, transient increase peaches, efficiently removed because activated systems, which associated tolerance melatonin.

Language: Английский

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