Identification of wood-boring beetles (Cerambycidae and Buprestidae) intercepted in trade-associated solid wood packaging material using DNA barcoding and morphology

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2017

Abstract Global trade facilitates the inadvertent movement of insect pests and subsequent establishment populations outside their native ranges. Despite phytosanitary measures, nonnative insects arrive at United States (U.S.) ports entry as larvae in solid wood packaging material (SWPM). Identification wood-boring larval is important for pest risk analysis management, but difficult beyond family level due to highly conserved morphology. Therefore, we integrated DNA barcoding rearing identify SWPM. From 2012 2015, obtained 338 longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae) 38 metallic boring (Buprestidae) intercepted SWPM associated with imported products six U.S. ports. We identified 265 specimens species or genus using barcodes. Ninety-three were reared adults morphologically. No conflict was found between two approaches, which together 275 cerambycids (23 genera) 16 buprestids (4 genera). Our approach confirmed novel barcodes seven (10 specimens) woodborers not public databases. This study demonstrates utility a tool regulatory agencies. provide documentation potential beetle that may cross country borders through pathway.

Language: Английский

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Success stories and emerging themes in conservation physiology

Conservation Physiology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 4(1), P. cov057 - cov057

Published: Jan. 1, 2016

The potential benefits of physiology for conservation are well established and include greater specificity management techniques, determination cause-effect relationships, increased sensitivity health disturbance monitoring capacity predicting future change. While descriptions the specific avenues in which can be integrated readily available important to continuing expansion discipline 'conservation physiology', date there has been no assessment how field specifically contributed success. However, goal is foster solutions it therefore assess whether physiological approaches contribute downstream outcomes decisions. Here, we present eight areas concern, ranging from chemical contamination invasive species ecotourism, where have led beneficial changes human behaviour, or policy. We also discuss shared characteristics these successes, identifying emerging themes discipline. Specifically, conclude that physiology: (i) goes beyond documenting change provide solutions; (ii) offers a diversity metrics glucocorticoids (stress hormones); (iii) includes transferable among species, locations times; (iv) simultaneously allows use wildlife; (v) characterized by successes difficult find primary literature. Overall, submit strong foundation achievements issues, taxa, traits, ecosystem types spatial scales. hope concrete will encourage continued evolution tools within conservation-based research plans.

Language: Английский

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Ancient and modern colonization of North America by hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), an invasive insect from East Asia

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 2065 - 2080

Published: Feb. 16, 2016

Hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae, is an invasive pest of hemlock trees (Tsuga) in eastern North America. We used 14 microsatellites and mitochondrial COI sequences to assess its worldwide genetic structure reconstruct colonization history. The resulting information about life cycle, biogeography host specialization could help predict invasion by insect herbivores. identified eight endemic lineages adelgids central China, western Ulleung Island (South Korea), America, two each Taiwan Japan, with the Japanese specializing on different Tsuga species. Adelgid cycles varied at local continental scales sexual, obligately asexual facultatively lineages. Adelgids America exhibited very high microsatellite heterozygosity, which suggests ancient asexuality. earliest diverged Asia during Pleistocene glacial periods, as estimated using approximate Bayesian computation. Colonization was have occurred prior last period directly ancestral those southern perhaps carried birds. modern from Japan caused extreme bottleneck just closely related clones detected throughout introduced range. Both events involved shifts unrelated These results suggest that diversity, phylogeny are not predictive adelgid invasion. Monitoring non-native sentinel focusing pathways might be more effective methods preventing than making predictions species traits or evolutionary

Language: Английский

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Economics and Politics of Bark Beetles

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 585 - 613

Published: Jan. 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Reducing the risk of invasive forest pests and pathogens: Combining legislation, targeted management and public awareness

AMBIO, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 45(S2), P. 223 - 234

Published: Jan. 7, 2016

Intensifying global trade will result in increased numbers of plant pest and pathogen species inadvertently being transported along with cargo. This paper examines current mechanisms for prevention management potential introductions forest insect pests pathogens the European Union (EU). Current legislation has not been found sufficient preventing invasion, establishment spread within EU. Costs associated future invasions are difficult to estimate but past have led negative economic impacts invaded country. The challenge is combining free movement products (within EU) protection against invasive pathogens. Public awareness may mobilise public detection and, simultaneously, increase support eradication control measures. We recommend focus on commodities addition pathways, an approach EU using a centralised response unit critically, engage general battle these harmful

Language: Английский

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