Global-change controls on soil-carbon accumulation and loss in coastal vegetated ecosystems

Nature Geoscience, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 685 - 692

Published: Aug. 30, 2019

Language: Английский

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Habitat characteristics provide insights of carbon storage in seagrass meadows

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 134, P. 106 - 117

Published: Feb. 17, 2018

Language: Английский

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Blue Carbon Storage Capacity of Temperate Eelgrass (Zostera marina) Meadows

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 32(10), P. 1457 - 1475

Published: Sept. 19, 2018

Abstract Despite the importance of coastal ecosystems for global carbon budgets, knowledge their storage capacity and factors driving variability in is still limited. Here we provide an estimate on magnitude stocks within a widely distributed marine foundation species throughout its distribution area temperate Northern Hemisphere. We sampled 54 eelgrass ( Zostera marina ) meadows, spread across eight ocean margins 36° latitude, to determine abiotic biotic influencing organic (C org sediments. The C (integrated over 25‐cm depth) showed large ranged from 318 26,523 g C/m 2 with average 2,721 . projected obtained by extrapolating top 1 m sediment between 23.1 351.7 Mg C/ha, which line estimates other seagrasses blue ecosystems. Most variation was explained five environmental variables (sediment mud content, dry density degree sorting, salinity water depth), while plant attributes such as biomass shoot were less important stocks. Carbon isotopic signatures indicated that at most sites <50% derived seagrass, lower than reported previously seagrass meadows. high spatial urges caution geographical areas well species.

Language: Английский

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It's time to broaden what we consider a ‘blue carbon ecosystem’

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Photoautotrophic marine ecosystems can lock up organic carbon in their biomass and the associated sediments they trap over millennia are thus regarded as blue ecosystems. Because of ability to for millennia, is receiving much attention within United Nations' 2030 Agenda Sustainable Development a nature‐based solution (NBS) climate change, but classically still focuses on seagrass meadows, mangrove forests, tidal marshes. However, other coastal could also be important storage, remain largely neglected both cycling budgets NBS strategic planning. Using meta‐analysis 253 research publications, we identify ecosystems—including mud flats, fjords, coralline algal (rhodolith) beds, some components or coral reef systems—with strong capacity act sinks certain situations. Features that promote burial these ‘non‐classical’ included: (1) balancing release by calcification via uptake at individual ecosystem levels; (2) high rates allochthonous supply because particle trapping capacity; (3) preservation low remineralization rates; (4) location depositional environments. Some features context‐dependent, meaning were locations, not others. Therefore, provide universal framework evaluate likelihood given behave sink context. Overall, this paper seeks encourage consideration non‐classical strategies, allowing more complete accounting.

Language: Английский

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Reviews and syntheses: &lt;sup&gt;210&lt;/sup&gt;Pb-derived sediment and carbon accumulation rates in vegetated coastal ecosystems – setting the record straight

Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 15(22), P. 6791 - 6818

Published: Nov. 15, 2018

Abstract. Vegetated coastal ecosystems, including tidal marshes, mangroves and seagrass meadows, are being increasingly assessed in terms of their potential for carbon dioxide sequestration worldwide. However, there is a paucity studies that have effectively estimated the accumulation rates sediment organic (Corg), also termed blue carbon, beyond mere quantification Corg stocks. Here, we discuss use 210Pb dating technique to determine rate these habitats. We review most widely used models assess limitations often composed heterogeneous sediments with varying inputs material, disturbed by natural anthropogenic processes resulting mixing changes sedimentation or erosion. Through range simulations, consider relevant impact records vegetated ecosystems evaluate how anomalies specific activity profiles affect rates. Our results show discrepancy derived between anomalous ideal within 20 % if process causing such well understood. While discrepancies might be acceptable determination mean over last century, they may not always provide reliable geochronology historical reconstruction. Reliable estimates difficult at sites slow sedimentation, intense and/or affected multiple sedimentary processes. Additional tracers geochemical, ecological data need validate 210Pb-derived results. The framework provided this study can instrumental reducing uncertainties associated sediments.

Language: Английский

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Blue Carbon Storage in Tropical Seagrass Meadows Relates to Carbonate Stock Dynamics, Plant–Sediment Processes, and Landscape Context: Insights from the Western Indian Ocean

Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 21(3), P. 551 - 566

Published: July 10, 2017

Globally, seagrass ecosystems are considered major blue carbon sinks and thus indirect contributors to climate change mitigation. Quantitative estimates multi-scale appraisals of sources that underlie long-term storage sedimentary vital for understanding coastal dynamics. Across a tropical–subtropical continuum in the Western Indian Ocean, we estimated organic (Corg) inorganic (Ccarb) stocks sediment. Quantified levels variability two were evaluated with regard relative importance environmental attributes terms plant–sediment properties landscape configuration. The explored habitats encompassed low moderate Corg (ranging from 0.20 1.44% on average depending species- site-specific variability) but higher than unvegetated areas 0.09 0.33% variability), suggesting some (at tropical Zanzibar particular) potentially important as sinks. amount carbonate clearly corresponded levels, carbonates may represent source, this could diminish strength sediments region. Partial least squares modelling indicated variations Ccarb primarily predicted by sediment density (indicating negative relationship content stocks) configuration positive effect meadow area, area other habitats, stocks), while structural complexity also contributed, though lesser extent, model performance. findings suggest accurate sink assessments require an processes well better knowledge how dynamics driven cross-habitat links sink–source relationships scale-dependent context, which should be priority conservation.

Language: Английский

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High variability of Blue Carbon storage in seagrass meadows at the estuary scale

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 3, 2020

Seagrass meadows are considered important natural carbon sinks due to their capacity store organic (Corg) in sediments. However, the spatial heterogeneity of storage seagrass sediments needs be better understood improve accuracy Blue Carbon assessments, particularly when strong gradients present. We performed an intensive coring study within a sub-tropical estuary assess variability sedimentary Corg associated with seagrasses, and identify key factors promoting this variability. found pattern estuary, from 52.16 mg cm-3 upper parts, declining 1.06 at mouth, despite general gradient increasing cover habitat extent opposite direction. The underneath came principally allochthonous (non-seagrass) sources (~70-90 %), while contribution seagrasses was low (~10-30 %) throughout entire estuary. Our results showed that stored can highly variable attributed largely accumulation fine inputs sources. Local features existence must estimates coastal ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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The potential to integrate blue carbon into MPA design and management

Aquatic Conservation Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 27(S1), P. 100 - 115

Published: Sept. 1, 2017

Abstract Oceans and coasts provide a wide array of services to humans, including climate regulation, food security, livelihoods. Managing them well is vital human well‐being as the maintenance marine biodiversity ocean‐dependent economies. Carbon sequestration storage increasingly recognized valuable service provided by coastal vegetation. sequestered stored mangrove forests, tidal marshes, seagrass meadows known ‘blue’ carbon. These habitats capture store carbon within plants themselves in sediment below them. When are destroyed, much their released back atmosphere ocean contributing global change. Therefore, blue ecosystem protection becoming greater priority management an area interest scientists, policy makers, communities, private sector those that contribute degradation but also looking reduce footprint. A range responses aim loss, establishment protected areas (MPAs). This paper explores how MPA design, location, could be used protect increase ensure integrity through conservation restoration activities. While additional research necessary validate proposed recommendations, this describes needed first steps highlights potential for finance mechanisms sustainable funding MPAs.

Language: Английский

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Factors Determining Seagrass Blue Carbon Across Bioregions and Geomorphologies

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(6)

Published: May 21, 2021

Abstract Seagrass meadows rank among the most significant organic carbon (C org ) sinks on earth. We examined variability in seagrass soil C stocks and composition across Australia identified main drivers of variability, applying a spatially hierarchical approach that incorporates bioregions geomorphic settings. Top 30 cm were similar settings (min‐max: 20–26 Mg ha −1 ), but formed by large species (i.e., Amphibolis spp. Posidonia spp.) showed higher (24–29 than those smaller (e.g., Halodule, Halophila, Ruppia, Zostera, Cymodocea, Syringodium ; 12–21 ). In temperate coastal dominated species, mainly derived from (72 ± 2%), while allochthonous small tropical estuarine (64 5%). meadows, enhanced low hydrodynamic exposure associated with high mud contents. contributions , to moderate solar radiation, human pressure. energy, rainfall, radiation. These results showcase bioregion setting are not necessarily good predictors site‐specific estimates based local environmental factors needed for Blue Carbon projects greenhouse gases accounting purposes.

Language: Английский

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Species Traits and Geomorphic Setting as Drivers of Global Soil Carbon Stocks in Seagrass Meadows

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 36(10)

Published: Sept. 28, 2022

Abstract Our knowledge of the factors that can influence stock organic carbon (OC) is stored in soil seagrass meadows evolving, and several causal effects have been used to explain variation stocks observed at local national scales. To gain a global‐scale appreciation drivers cause OC stocks, we compiled data on published species‐specific traits from monospecific mixed multiple geomorphological settings. Species identity was recognized as an influential driver despite their large intraspecific variation. The most important species associated with were number leaves per shoot, belowground biomass, leaf lifespan, aboveground lignin, breaking force plus coastal geomorphology area, particularly for lagoon environments. A revised estimate global average 20 cm depth 15.4 Mg C ha −1 lower than previously reported. largest still recorded Mediterranean meadows. results specifically identify Posidonia oceanica and, more generally, persistent key providing climate regulation services, priority conservation this specific ecosystem service.

Language: Английский

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