Urbanisation drivers and underlying mechanisms of terrestrial insect diversity loss in cities

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46(4), P. 757 - 771

Published: April 30, 2021

1. Urbanisation is one of the main land‐use changes behind global insect collapse. Despite that previous studies have described negative effects urbanisation on communities, so far there no synthesis considers multiple urban drivers, their combined effects, and role species traits altogether. 2. Here we developed an integrative framework underlying mechanisms terrestrial loss in cities by exploring five leading drivers: impervious surfaces, habitat fragmentation, heat island, pollution, exotic plants. For each driver, identified direct indirect (mediated through interactions or resources) populations emphasising as moderators such effects. 3. Body size, mobility, oviposition/nesting requirements were frequently defined vulnerability to drivers. Urban island pollution deserve further research from a community‐level approach. Direct drivers dominated literature, while most paths mediated resources rather than interactions. 4. In conclusion, our review showed challenges recognising particular for driver By doing so, intended encourage researchers address some gaps noticed order fully understand how affecting communities. Finally, outlined recent planning strategies future successfully conserve biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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A conceptual framework for urban ecological restoration and rehabilitation

Basic and Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 52, P. 82 - 94

Published: Feb. 17, 2021

Urban greenspace has gained considerable attention during the last decades because of its relevance to wildlife conservation, human welfare, and climate change adaptation. Biodiversity loss ecosystem degradation worldwide require formation new concepts ecological restoration rehabilitation aimed at improving functions, services, biodiversity conservation in cities. Although relict sites natural semi-natural ecosystems can be found urban areas, environmental conditions species composition most are highly modified, inducing development novel hybrid ecosystems. A consequence this novelty is lack (semi-) reference systems available for defining targets assessing success areas. This hampers implementation In consideration these challenges, we present a conceptual framework that provides guidance support by formulating different levels (i.e., historic, hybrid, ecosystems). To facilitate ecosystems, recommend using established species-rich well-functioning as reference. Such likely many Highlighting their value comparison degraded stimulate guide initiatives. As approaches must consider local history site conditions, well citizens’ needs, it may also advisable focus strongly altered on selected services and/or values. Ecosystem cities either relatively inexpensive or costly, but even expensive measures pay off when they effectively improve such mitigation recreation. Successful re‐shaping re-thinking involving citizens other stakeholders will help make our more sustainable future.

Language: Английский

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Native or Exotic: A Bibliographical Review of the Debate on Ecological Science Methodologies: Valuable Lessons for Urban Green Space Design

Land, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(8), P. 1201 - 1201

Published: July 30, 2022

Knowledge from ecological sciences is an important reference for landscape design as Urban Green Spaces (UGS) play a critical role in the protection of cities. There ongoing debate among ecologists on value exotic vegetation to ecosystem resilience and integrity, with authors arguing that order ecosystems survive future climates, species similar conditions their current range must be considered. Others deem biodiversity vital functions services, stating most losses are man-induced should addressed through enhancement native communities. Through literature review, we confronted arguments used this debate, aim conducting comprehensive analysis potential different aspects vegetation’s performance. The outcomes assessment assemblages within UGS projects. Despite strong regarding performative adaptive capacity, conclude exotics pose significant risks have multiple negative impacts processes. Natives not only present high but also provide additional benefits biodiversity, people. In broader framework, demonstrates preference use situations.

Language: Английский

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Enhanced urban roadside vegetation increases pollinator abundance whereas landscape characteristics drive pollination

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 109980 - 109980

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Roads cause pollution, habitat degradation and fragmentation, while recent studies report that roadside vegetation can benefit plant insect diversity. However, the factors drive effects of on pollinator abundance pollination need further attention. Our main interest in this study was to evaluate urban enhancement by identifying direct indirect local resource availability landscape characteristics quality pollination, using functionally different phytometer plants. Thus, we established 34 species-rich wildflower patches along roads, monitored flowering species floral density at scale. At scale measured amount impervious surface within a radius 500 m around patches, as well edge all major land-use types, distance city center. As control, used with existing species-poor green. The pollinators, i.e., honeybees, wild bees, hoverflies, sampled colored pan traps. Pollination based fruit number weight three species, Fragaria × ananassa, Ranunculus acris, Trifolium pratense, differ flower morphology color, attract pollinators. Pollinator positively related richness plants density. scale, proportion but negatively Phytometer-specific were moderated characteristics: Fruit mass F. x. ananassa highest inner city, R. acris lower areas high density, whereas T. pratense increased surface. There no via pollination. revealed directly support production crops cities. Thereby, influenced set, which also depended individual reproductive adaptations. This stresses importance set complementary experiments, especially gain insights into ecosystem functioning coarser spatial scales.

Language: Английский

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Plant native: comparing biodiversity benefits, ecosystem services provisioning, and plant performance of native and non-native plants in urban horticulture

Urban Ecosystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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Ecological restoration and biodiversity-friendly management of urban grasslands – A global review on the current state of knowledge

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 368, P. 122220 - 122220

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

In the face of global biodiversity decline, ecological restoration measures to actively enhance urban and options for biodiversity-friendly greenspace management are high on agenda many governments city administrations. This review aims summarize advance current knowledge grassland by synthesizing research findings approaches globally. Indeed, we found be generally effective in increasing biodiversity; yet, there were variations outcomes due difference soil disturbance methods, regimes, set species introduced a site, specific local setting. Based reviewed studies, formulated recommendations maximizing success grasslands through: i) creating network heterogeneous greenspaces enhancing connectivity between them; ii) maintaining spontaneous vegetation vacant lots wasteland sites that can provide habitats various invertebrate species; iii) evaluating actual conditions, seed bank, rain before efforts take place since these sources could considerably affect outcomes, iv) preserving nutrient-poor conditions instead introducing nutrient-rich topsoil; v) shifting less intensive, reducing mowing frequency avoiding use chemicals; vi) utilizing native dry climate adaptation without irrigation. We further identified gaps regarding city-scale regional-scale effects restoration, interventions multiple taxa ecosystem services, small versus mega-cities, south. These should addressed future studies making general guidelines broadly applicable.

Language: Английский

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Urban native vegetation remnants support more diverse native bee communities than residential gardens in Australia's southwest biodiversity hotspot

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 265, P. 109408 - 109408

Published: Dec. 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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Urbanization decreases species richness, and increases abundance in dry climates whereas decreases in wet climates: A global meta-analysis

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 859, P. 160145 - 160145

Published: Nov. 14, 2022

Soil invertebrates have an essential role in decomposition, nutrient turnover and soil structure formation, all of which are strongly threatened by urbanization. Sealing, compaction trampling pollution destroy degrade city soils potentially damage soil-living invertebrates. The existing literature on how urbanization affects is inconsistent, presenting both negative positive effects. Therefore, here we aimed to synthesize the effects considering their taxonomic (Acari, Annelida, Carabidae, Collembola, Gastropoda, Isopoda, Myriapoda, Nematoda) functional (soil living vs. soil-related; mobility) identities, as well examine overall effect modulated climatic conditions (total annual precipitation, mean ambient temperature), urban heat island (based temperature differences between rural areas) population. In a systematic review using hierarchical categorical meta-analyses, extracted 158 sizes from 75 studies abundance 125 84 species richness. Invertebrate showed increase (r = 0.085), whereas richness significantly decreased with increasing −0.168). reason behind this could be that few generalist can adapt environment achieve elevated densities. annelids −0.301), springtails −0.579), snails −0.233) advancing urbanization, most probably because these animals sensitive pollution, common consequences did not modify but precipitation modified −0.457). Abundance increased drier climates, irrigation moisture, it wet areas were than surroundings. Making future cities more climate-neutral better sustain biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Rice Terrace Experience in Japan: An Ode to the Beauty of Seasonality and Nostalgia

Land, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 64 - 64

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Rice terraces are a time-honored agricultural feature that overcomes rough terrain and hostile growing conditions. In addition to playing an essential role in production land conservation, rice have been recognized as living cultural landscapes, important heritage, popular agritourism destinations for their aesthetic, sociocultural, environmental values. However, there is lack of understanding this emerging niche market, especially from outsider perspectives. To fill the gap, study analyzes Google Maps reviews seventy representative Japan based on mixed-method content analysis, aiming identify visitors’ overall experiences, seasonal perceptions, causes negative experiences. The results indicate experience includes seven themes: times seasons, visual perception, accessibility infrastructure, sense place, Genfukei Japan, food. Visitors’ perceptions toward four seasons distinctive characteristics result different satisfaction levels. main reasons experiences farmland abandonment, character, poor accessibility, bad timing. Leveraging power netnography, sheds light sustainable development heritage tourism through introduction terrace conservation initiatives exploration experience.

Language: Английский

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Establishing wildflower meadows in anthropogenic landscapes

Frontiers in Horticulture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

In anthropized sites, the establishment and management of sustainable nature-based wildflower meadow solutions exclude fertilization, weeding, watering, reduce frequency mowing. Once such inputs have been reduced, ecosystem services generated by vegetation result in an increase biodiversity terms plant animal species, improvement soil quality biota, mitigation air pollutants carbon sequestration, as well a reduction temperature. Environmental education citizen science are also some benefits this type vegetation, especially urban areas. Herbaceous meadow-like communities, which composed forbs only or combination graminoid forb usually established sowing. The seeds available for purchase from specialized seed producers single species mix, companies offer mixes garden with botanical species. Donor meadows sources genetic material template to reproduce herbaceous community at different sites through harvest, hay displacement its bank. Management techniques, preparation, determining appropriate sowing mowing time, can help establishing maintaining most desirable suspension turf allows growth natural bank, unproductive soils facilitates appearance many pollinator-friendly With pedological conditions management, thus provides beautiful rich easy maintain. This review identifies best practices qualitative selection case studies related various methods establish infrastructure main constraints lack suitable market.

Language: Английский

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