Chikungunya seroprevalence, force of infection, and prevalence of chronic disability after infection in endemic and epidemic settings: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and modelling study

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 488 - 503

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Global seroprevalence of Zika virus in asymptomatic individuals: A systematic review

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. e0011842 - e0011842

Published: April 17, 2024

Background Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread to five of the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions. Given substantial number asymptomatic infections and clinical presentations resembling those other arboviruses, estimating true burden ZIKV is both challenging essential. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review meta-analysis seroprevalence studies IgG in population estimate its global impact distribution. Methodology/Principal findings We extensive searches compiled collection articles published from Jan/01/2000, Jul/31/2023, Embase, Pubmed, SciELO, Scopus databases. The random effects model was used pool prevalences, reported with their 95% confidence interval (CI), tool assess risk study bias prevalence studies, I 2 method for heterogeneity (PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023442227). Eighty-four 49 countries/territories, diversity designs serological tests were included. 21.0% (95%CI 16.1%-26.4%). Evidence antibodies identified all WHO regions, except Europe. Seroprevalence correlated epidemics Americas (39.9%, 95%CI:30.0–49.9), some Western Pacific countries (15.6%, 95%CI:8.2–24.9), as well recent past circulation Southeast Asia (22.8%, 95%CI:16.5–29.7), particularly Thailand. Additionally, sustained low observed Africa (8.4%, 95%CI:4.8–12.9), Gabon (43.7%), Burkina Faso (22.8%). Although no autochthonous transmission Eastern Mediterranean, 16.0% recorded. Conclusions/Significance highlights high gaps distribution seroprevalence. implementation standardized protocols development specificity are essential ensuring valid comparison between studies. Equally crucial vector surveillance control methods reduce emerging re-emerging outbreaks, whether caused by Ae . aegypti or albopictus Asian African ZIKV.

Language: Английский

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Genomic Characterization of Circulating Dengue Virus, Ethiopia, 2022–2023

Emerging infectious diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(3)

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

In Ethiopia, dengue virus (DENV) infections have been reported in several regions; however, little is known about the genetic diversity of circulating viruses. We conducted clinical surveillance DENV during 2023 nationwide outbreak Ethiopia. enrolled patients at 3 sentinel hospital sites. Using reverse transcription PCR, we screened serum samples for arboviruses and then serotyped whole-genome sequenced DENV-positive samples. detected DENV-1 DENV-3 serotypes. Phylogenetic analysis identified 1 transmission cluster (genotype III major lineage A) 2 clusters B). The first was closely related to an isolate from a Italy; second isolates India. Co-circulation Ethiopia highlights potential severe dengue. Intensified coordinated public health responses are needed address threat outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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Frequent first-trimester pregnancy loss in rhesus macaques infected with African-lineage Zika virus

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. e1011282 - e1011282

Published: March 28, 2023

In the 2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) pandemic, a previously unrecognized risk of birth defects surfaced in babies whose mothers were infected with Asian-lineage ZIKV during pregnancy. Less is known about impacts gestational African-lineage infections. Given high human immunodeficiency (HIV) burdens regions where circulates, we evaluated whether pregnant rhesus macaques simian (SIV) have higher ZIKV-associated defects. Remarkably, both SIV+ and SIV- animals, infection early first trimester caused incidence (78%) spontaneous pregnancy loss within 20 days. These findings suggest significant for associated provide consistent phenotype testing medical countermeasures.

Language: Английский

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ZIKA virus infection and congenital Zika syndrome: A systematic review

Journal of Education Health and Sport, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 77, P. 57147 - 57147

Published: Jan. 3, 2025

Zika virus (ZIKV), studied since 1950s and known for occasionally causing a mild, febrile illness in humans, became public health emergency global threat to health, with its most recent major outbreak, Brazil (2015-2016), declared Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the WHO. This literature review aims provide short summary research current knowledge about ZIKV, epidemiology associated medical conditions, particular focus on fetal neonatal microcephaly.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology of Yellow Fever in Nigeria: Analysis of Climatic, Ecological, Socio-Demographic, and Clinical Factors Associated with Viral Positivity Among Suspected Cases Using National Surveillance Data, 2017–2023

Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Since its resurgence in 2017, Yellow fever (YF) outbreaks have continued to occur Nigeria despite routine immunization and the implementation of several reactive mass vaccinations. Nigeria, Africa's most populous endemic country, is considered a high-priority country for implementing End Epidemics strategy. This retrospective analysis described epidemiological profile, trends, factors associated with viral positivity Nigeria. We conducted multivariable binary logistic regression identify YF positivity. Of 16,777 suspected cases, 8532(50.9%) had laboratory confirmation an overall rate 6.9%(585). Predictors YFV were Jos Plateau, Derived/Guinea Savanah, Freshwater/Lowland rainforest compared Sahel/Sudan Savannah; dry season rainy season; hot or humid temperate, cool/humid climatic zone; 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 epidemic years 2017; first, third, fourth quarters second; male sex female; age group > = 15 < years; working outdoor indoor settings; having traveled within last two weeks; being unknown vaccination status vaccinated; vomiting. Ecological, climatic, socio-demographic characteristics are drivers public health interventions need target these halt local epidemics reduce risk international spread. Inadequate coverage alone may not account recurrent

Language: Английский

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Seroprevalence and risk factors of Chikungunya in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 11, 2025

Introduction The resurgence of the Chikungunya virus has led to public health concerns due frequent epidemics worldwide. was first detected in Ethiopia 2016, and it been identified various regions. However, current status disease remains unknown, underscoring need for updated information. Objective To provide up-to-date epidemiological data on Ethiopia. Methods A systematic review meta-analysis were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar databases accordance with PRISMA guidelines, literature search from September October 2024. terms used included ‘Chikungunya,’ ‘Chikungunya Virus,’ ‘Prevalence,’ ‘Seroprevalence,’ ‘Risk Factor,’ ‘Ethiopia.’ inclusion criteria covered online articles published between 2016 2024 English quality assessment involved independent expert evaluations, publication bias assessed Begg’s Egger’s tests. analysis performed STATA 17 software. Results total five met eligibility extraction. pooled seroprevalence 24.0%. highest reported Southern Nations, Nationalities, Peoples’ Region (SNNPR), at 43.6%, while lowest Dire Dawa, approximately 12.0%. Factors such as occupation, education, age, sex contributed variation disease. Subgroup revealed heterogeneity across types studies included. No indications or small-study effects found according test test. Conclusion relevance prevalence underscores its significance Ethiopia, necessitating proactive monitoring, active viral surveillance, robust system enforcement.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology of arboviruses in humans and livestock in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 2, 2025

Arbovirus infections are a global public health threat, accounting for approximately 73% of the total emerging and re-emerging human infections, where burden is worsened in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. However, surveillance system has been still challenged, their magnitude not well estimated due to underestimates true arbovirus burdens by passive case detections. To support targeted evidence-based decision-making, comprehensive evidence prevalence crucial. Thus, aim this study was assess arboviruses humans livestock Articles were extensively searched bibliographic databases gray literatures using entry terms or phrases. PRISMA 2020 flow diagram used data among studies meeting eligibility criteria extracted MS Excel sheet exported into STATA-17 software analysis. A random-effects model compute pooled livestock. The heterogeneity quantified I2 value. Publication bias assessed funnel plot Egger's test. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis meta-regression performed explore heterogeneity. Of 1957 identified, 39 6 eligible meta-analysis. overall sero-epidemiology anti-IgG anti-IgM 15.43% (95% CI: 12.11-18.76) 10.04% 6.46-13.62), respectively. molecular 38.42% 21.77-55.08). 15.77% 0.45, 31.08). Dengue virus, Yellow fever Zika Rift valley fever, West Nile chikungunya virus Schmallenberg reported. Ethiopia alarms need immediate multi-sectoral interventions such as strengthening laboratory diagnostic capacities, undertaking an integrated regular national surveillance, implementation one-health initiatives planetary approach.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology of yellow fever virus in humans, arthropods, and non-human primates in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. e0010610 - e0010610

Published: July 22, 2022

Yellow fever (YF) has re-emerged in the last two decades causing several outbreaks endemic countries and spreading to new receptive regions. This changing epidemiology of YF creates challenges for global public health efforts. is caused by yellow virus (YFV) that circulates between humans, mosquito vector, non-human primates (NHP). In this systematic review meta-analysis, we analyse data on case fatality rate (CFR) prevalence YFV arthropods, NHP sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We performed a comprehensive literature search PubMed, Web Science, African Journal Online, Index Medicus databases. included studies reporting CFR and/or YFV. Extracted was verified analysed using random effect meta-analysis. conducted subgroup, sensitivity analysis, publication bias analyses meta-analysis while I 2 statistic employed determine heterogeneity. registered with PROSPERO under identification CRD42021242444. The final 55 studies. overall due 31.1% (18.3–45.4) humans pooled infection 9.4% (6.9–12.2) humans. Only five West East detected species genus Aedes Anopheles funestus . NHP, antibodies were found only members Cercopithecidae family. Our analysis provides evidence ongoing circulation mosquitoes SSA. These observations highlight transmission its potential cause large As such, strategies such as those proposed WHO’s Eliminate Fever Epidemics (EYE) initiative are urgently needed control prevent

Language: Английский

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A proposed One Health approach to control yellow fever outbreaks in Uganda

One Health Outlook, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract Yellow Fever (YF) is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease. Uganda located within the Africa YF belt. Between 2019 and 2022, Ugandan Health Authorities reported at least one outbreak of annually with estimated 892 suspected cases, on average per year. The persistent recurrence this disease raises significant concerns about efficacy current response strategies prevention approaches. has been recognized as a One issue due to its interrelatedness animal environmental domains. Monkeys have virus primary reservoir. transmitted through bites infected Aedes or Haemagogus species mosquitoes between monkeys humans. Human activities, monkey health, health issues (e.g., climate change land use) impact incidence in Uganda. Additionally, control programs for other tropical diseases, such malaria, incidence. This review adopts approach highlight limitations existing segmented Uganda, including limited sector surveillance, geographically localized efforts, lack comprehensive vaccination program, collaboration communication among relevant national international agencies, inadequate vector practices. Through approach, we propose establishing elimination taskforce. taskforce would oversee coordination initiatives, implementing surveillance system, conducting mass campaigns, integrating mosquito management strategies, enhancing risk communication. It anticipated that adopting will reduce outbreaks.

Language: Английский

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