A Review of the Currently Available Antibody Therapy for the Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Antibodies, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 5 - 5

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Monoclonal antibodies are a promising treatment for COVID-19. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants raised concerns about these therapies’ efficacy and long-term viability. Studies reported several antibodies, that received authorization COVID-19 treatment, not effective against new or subvariants SARS-CoV-2, hence their distribution has to be paused. Here, authors reviewed status currently available monoclonal potential as therapeutic agent, challenges ahead. To address issues, presented general information on how work SARS-CoV-2. The then focus have been deployed current status, well evidence supporting an early intervention Lastly, discussed some leading obstacles hinder development administration

Language: Английский

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and COVID-19

Current Rheumatology Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 192 - 203

Published: July 21, 2023

To describe the current state of knowledge regarding COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We focus on (i) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination uptake, immunogenicity and safety, (ii) outcomes SLE pertinent risk factors for adverse sequelae. Notwithstanding potential concern about possible post-vaccination side-effects, safety anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines has been undisputedly confirmed numerous studies. Humoral is generally attained SLE, although affected by use background immunosuppressive drugs, especially rituximab. The latter also clearly implicated including need hospitalization, mechanical ventilation death. Although wide adoption significantly improved outcomes, continue to pose challenges during pandemic, mainly owing administered medications.

Language: Английский

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Development of the TSR-based computational method to investigate spike and monoclonal antibody interactions

Frontiers in Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 19, 2025

Introduction Monoclonal antibody (mAb) drug treatments have proven effective in reducing COVID-19-related hospitalizations or fatalities, particularly among high-risk patients. Numerous experimental studies explored the structures of spike proteins and their complexes with ACE2 mAbs. These 3D provide crucial insights into interactions between mAb, forming a basis for development diagnostic tools therapeutics. However, field computational biology has faced substantial challenges due to lack methods precise protein structural comparisons accurate prediction molecular interactions. In our previous studies, we introduced Triangular Spatial Relationship (TSR)-based algorithm, which represents protein’s structure using vector integers (keys). earlier however, were limited individual proteins. Purpose This study introduces new extensions TSR-based enhancing its ability two molecules. We apply these gain mechanistic understanding - mAb Method expanded basic TSR method three novel ways: (1) keys encompassing all atoms, (2) cross molecules, (3) intra-residual amino acids. representation offers unique advantage by simplifying search similar substructures within datasets. Results The study’s key findings include: (i) effectively quantified interpreted conformational changes steric effects newly keys. (ii) Six clusters CDRH3 CDRL3 identified all-atom (iii) constructed TSR-STRSUM (TSR-STRucture SUbstitution Matrix), matrix that pairwise similarities acid structures, providing valuable applications sequence comparison. (iv) Intra-residual revealed distinct Tyr characterized specific triangle geometries. Conclusion presents an advanced approach not only quantifies interprets backbones, entire acids, but also facilitates induced binding across some instances, direct correlation functions was successfully established.

Language: Английский

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Effectiveness of AZD7442 (Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab) for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Against COVID-19 Hospitalization in Israel During the Omicron Sub-Variant Time Period

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 433 - 445

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The effectiveness of AZD7442 (tixagevimab/cilgavimab) against COVID-19 hospitalizations was determined at 3 and 6 months among immunocompromised individuals in Israel during different variant circulations. This a retrospective cohort study using data from Clalit Health Services Israel. Immunocompromised eligible to receive 300 mg between 15 February 11 December 2022 were identified. receiving as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) propensity score (PS)-matched 1:1 unexposed "rolling cohort" approach. Calendar time Cox proportional hazards regression models performed with adjustment for post-matched unbalanced covariates estimate hazard ratios (HRs) 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Overall, 2444 AZD7442-exposed PS-matched individuals. In the matched population, up follow-up, presented an unadjusted HR (without covariates) 0.68 (95% CI 0.43–1.08) covariate-adjusted 0.64 0.40–1.03) hospitalization. Covariate-adjusted instantaneous plots showed that waned Day 90. Up 0.43 0.21–0.91) hospitalization population; there insufficient events allow analysis. Our results suggest reduced individuals; however, findings are limited by lack sufficient produce conclusive results.

Language: Английский

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Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab as Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis against COVID-19 for Multiple Myeloma Patients: A Prospective Study in the Omicron Era

Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 123 - 123

Published: Sept. 18, 2023

Background: tixagevimab/cilgavimab, distributed under the name "Evusheld", was first available pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 other than vaccination. It received an EUA from FDA after sufficient trial data showed efficacy in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infections and subsequent severe disease. Its potential benefits high-risk immunocompromised patients generated a lot of interest. Individuals with multiple myeloma fall into this category, as they are characterized by attenuated immune responses and, some cases, vaccines have limited efficacy. Methods: single-center, prospective study included consecutive myeloma. All individuals were considered due to their underlying Baseline demographic clinical characteristics, well regarding infection antibodies, collected. Patients administered two intramuscular 150 mg doses Evusheld monitored during follow-up period. Results: one hundred eleven analysis, median age 64 years (range 58-69) fifty-three females (47.7%). Fourteen (12.6%) had prior history all vaccinated either three or four mRNA-based vaccines. An increase observed neutralizing-antibody levels before tixagevimab/cilgavimab administration, 92.6% 97.3%. The high sustainable, level 95.4% at 3 months post administration. Overall, nine (8.1%) diagnosed period, 31 days. There no SARS-CoV-2- infection-related hospitalizations deaths. monoclonal antibody combination tolerated, infusion-related reactions major adverse events, pain injection site only reported 33 (30%). Conclusions: (Evusheld) seemed beneficial myeloma, who presented low incidence initial Omicron wave. No new safety concerns emerged. However, novel combinations antibodies against circulating variants deemed necessary view emergence tolerance.

Language: Английский

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Pre-exposure prophylaxis with tixagevimab/cilgavimab for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the Omicron BA.5 wave at a single institution in Japan

International Journal of Hematology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 118(6), P. 731 - 736

Published: Sept. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 infection in high-risk children following tixagevimab–cilgavimab (Evusheld) pre-exposure prophylaxis: a single-center observational study

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

From 8 December 2021 to 26 January 2023, tixagevimab-cilgavimab (T-C) was authorized for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19. During this period, we used a multidisciplinary team communicate, screen, approach, and administer T-C eligible patients. Twenty-seven patients were eligible. Of these, 24 (88.9%) received at least one dose three two doses. Majority White, non-Hispanic, women. Only had COVID-19 prior receiving T-C. Seventeen (70.8%) or more doses SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. No serious adverse events noted. Seven developed infection within 180 days (median 102 days; range 28-135), only patient severe requiring intensive mechanical ventilation in the care unit.

Language: Английский

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Prolonged Viral Shedding in Cancer Patients with Asymptomatic or Mild Omicron Infection: A Retrospective Study

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 16, P. 7735 - 7741

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for persistent viral shedding in cancer patients after Omicron infection.Patients with asymptomatic or mild infection (≥18 years) who were treated a makeshift hospital Shanghai enrolled from 9 Apr 11 May, 2022. Deidentified information of all collected retrospectively. Logistic regression model was used identify associated prolonged duration (defined as time day first positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA test two consecutive negative tests).A total 1442 Omicron-infected enrolled, including 129 and 1313 non-cancer patients. The baseline clinical characteristics balanced by propensity score matching (1:4). Compared patients, higher odds ratio ([OR] 1.84, 95% CI 1.24-2.76, P = 0.003) lasting ≥7 days found Further subgroup analyses that at without hypertension (OR 1.89), diabetes 1.80), other chronic disease 2.13), unvaccinated 1.97), 2.36). In addition, 29 active 19 inactive identified. median group longer than (10 vs 6 days, 0.002). also increased 5.33, 1.49-21.51, 0.013).Cancer is an independent factor infected especially cancer.

Language: Английский

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Comparison of humoral immunogenicity in solid organ transplant recipients after third-dose mRNA vaccine with homologous or heterologous schedules: An observational study

Journal of Clinical Virology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 159, P. 105374 - 105374

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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Efectividad de tixagevimab/cilgavimab en la reducción de la infección, ingresos hospitalarios y mortalidad por SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes inmunodeprimidos

Medicina Clínica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 163(6), P. 275 - 280

Published: June 26, 2024

Language: Английский

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