Bacteria in the brain: do they have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease?

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Purpose of review Worldwide efforts continue to unravel the complex pathological pathways that lead Alzheimer's disease. The gut–brain–microbiome axis, a communication pathway between gut, brain and microorganisms, is emerging as potential mechanism involved in disease pathogenesis. While gut microbiome's role has gained significant attention, microbiome remains relatively unexplored. This summarizes latest research on Recent findings In past 4 years, four out five studies have found bacteria, such Streptococcus pneumoniae , postmortem samples both control brains, supporting idea not sterile environment. Two report overabundance several bacterial phyla, including Proteobacteria Actinomycetes, brains versus controls. One study reported presence Borrelia burgdorferi subset cases compared Summary Limitations challenges persist studying microbiome, lack standardized assays data analysis methods, small sample sizes, inconsistent use controls for environmental microbial contamination during processing. Well designed employ reproducible rigorous methods are required elucidate whether microbes pathogenesis

Language: Английский

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Comparison of light gradient boosting and logistic regression for interactomic hub genes in Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced periodontitis with Alzheimer's disease

Frontiers in Oral Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: March 4, 2025

Introduction Porphyromonas gingivalis and Treponema species have been found to invade the central nervous system through virulence factors, causing inflammation influencing host immune response. P. interacts with astrocytes, microglia, neurons, leading neuroinflammation. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Fusobacterium nucleatum may also play a role in development of Alzheimer's disease. Interactomic hub genes, protein-protein interaction networks, are vulnerable perturbations, diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases. Machine learning can identify differentially expressed genes specific conditions or diseases, providing insights into disease mechanisms developing new therapeutic approaches. This study compares performance light gradient boosting logistic regression identifying interactomic F. -induced periodontitis those Methods Using GSE222136 dataset, we analyzed differential gene expression The GEO2R tool was used under different conditions, molecular mechanisms. Bioinformatics tools Cytoscape CytoHubba were employed create networks genes. Logistic predict outliers removed machine algorithms applied. Results data cross-validated divided training testing segments. top identified TNFRSF9, LZIC, TNFRSF8, SLC45A1, GPR157, SLC25A33, which induced by responsible for endothelial dysfunction brain cells. accuracy 67% 60%, respectively. Discussion model demonstrated superior balance compared model, indicating its potential future improvements predicting periodontal

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the Intricate Link Between Anaerobe Niche and Alzheimer Disease Pathogenesis

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 230(Supplement_2), P. S117 - S127

Published: June 13, 2024

Abstract Dysbiosis within microbiomes has been increasingly implicated in many systemic illnesses, such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, respiratory infections, and Alzheimer disease (Ad). The correlation between Ad microbial dysbiosis repeatedly shown, yet the etiologic cause of remains elusive. From a neuropathology perspective, abnormal (often age-related) changes brain, associated structures, bodily lumens tend toward an accumulation oxygen-depleted pathologic which are anaerobically selective niches. These anaerobic environments may promote progressive change community proximal to brain thus deserve further investigation. In this review, we identify explore what is known about niche near or with anaerobes that it harbors. We anaerobe stakeholders microbiome communities impacts on neurodegenerative processes Ad. Chronic oral dental pockets composition gut microbiota from fecal stool 2 largest sources bacterial transference brain. At blood-brain barrier, cerebral atherosclerotic plaques predominated by species intimately vasculature. Focal cerebritis/brain abscess corpora amylacea also establish chronic niches direct proximity parenchyma. exploring research opportunities potential

Language: Английский

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Features of the atherosclerotic plaque microbiome in patients after carotid endarterectomy

Russian Journal of Cardiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 6145 - 6145

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Aim . To study the microbiome of atherosclerotic plaque biopsies in patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Material and methods In this study, microbiota profile 76 samples obtained during CEA was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing 16S rRNA V4 region. The proportion without restenosis included 20%. median follow-up 1,9 years (range, 1,4-2,25). Results Taxonomic analysis revealed that is characterized by a wide diversity gram-negative bacteria, including bacteria are widespread environment. Bacteria most represented plaques belong to four following families: Caulobacteraceae , Rhizobiaceae Sphingobacteriaceae Weeksellaceae Linear discriminant Effect Size (LEfSe) significantly higher representation microbial marker OTU_21, belonging Sphingomonadaceae family, with ≥50% Cloacibacterium (OTU_67), >70% restenosis. Conclusion data emphasize importance studying suggest microorganisms various origins, those have not previously been considered as risk factors, can play pathogenetic role both atherogenesis

Language: Английский

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