Assessment of the magnitude, economic impact, and factors associated with expired veterinary pharmaceuticals in animal health facilities in South Wollo, Ethiopia

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

The issue of veterinary pharmaceutical expiration is a significant concern in animal health facilities globally. existence can be mainly associated with inadequate inventory control, store management, and lack effective regulatory policies guidelines. Hence, the study aimed to evaluate expired pharmaceuticals' scope, economic impact, contributing factors. A cross-sectional, explanatory sequential design involving mixed quantitative qualitative approach was employed among 13 from March 2022 December 2023 around Dessie town, South Wollo, Ethiopia. key informant interview guide used retrieve data that were analyzed through thematic content analysis. Then, collected coded using SPSS version 25. mean score determine critical factors expiration. found magnitude pharmaceuticals fourth fiscal year 7%. This wastage rate led loss approximately 69,564.54 USD. From unit pack perspectives, 403-unit packs (66%) clinics, resulting 38,229.33 USD, 209-unit (34%) private pharmacies, incurring 31,335.22 Anatomical Therapeutic Classification (ATC), antibiotics accounted for 14.8% total financial loss. Additionally, 53% liquid dosage forms expired. identifies an information system necessary software, poor strict accountability as contributors management systems adherence established guidelines managing most vital informants cited. burden exceeded permissible threshold 2%, indicating budgets aquatic environment. underlines problem necessitates policy implications. To mitigate pharmaceuticals, collaboration multidisciplinary professionals, Ethiopian Agricultural Authority, supply chain agency, researchers essential.

Language: Английский

Safety assessment of enterocin-producing Enterococcus strains isolated from sheep and goat colostrum

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

This study investigates the safety evaluation of enterocin-producing 11 E. mundtii and two faecium strains previously isolated from small livestock colostrums. Enterococcus species do not possess Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) status. Hence, it is critical to scrutinize enterococci's antibiotic resistance, virulence characteristics, biogenic amine production capabilities in order assess their before using them starter or adjunct cultures.

Language: Английский

Serovars, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance profile of non-typhoidal Salmonella in the human-dairy interface in Northwest Ethiopia: A one health approach

PLoS neglected tropical diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(11), P. e0012646 - e0012646

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) is a zoonotic pathogen that exerts huge public health and economic impacts in the world. The severity of illness mainly related to serovars involved, presence virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns. However, data are scarce on serovars, AMR among NTS identified from human-dairy interface Northwest Ethiopia. Thus, this study investigated common patterns isolates area. was conducted June 2022 August 2023 randomly selected 58 dairy farms. A total 362 samples were processed detect using standard bacteriological methods. presumptive positive colonies confirmed by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight (MALDi-ToF). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) used including invA spv C. slide agglutination test according White-Kauffmann-Le Minor scheme employed identify isolates. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method assess susceptibility Of (362), 28 (7.7%) detected. When distributed samples, proportions 11.9%, 10.5%, 10.3%, 5.2%, 4.3%, 1.7% cows’ feces, farm sewage, pooled raw milk, milk container swabs, milkers’ stool, hand swab respectively. Six detected with dominancy S . Uganda (39.3%), followed enterica subsp. diarizonae (25.0%) Typhimurium (21.4%). Among isolates, 100% 21.4% had genes C, profile showed 89.3% resistant at least one agent 46.4% three or more classes antimicrobials (multidrug-resistant). antimicrobials, highly ampicillin (57.1%), tetracycline (42.9%) chloramphenicol (35.7%). On other hand, 100%, 96.4%, 96.4% susceptible ceftriaxone, azithromycin, norfloxacin, In conclusion, we humans, cows, utensils, environment (sewage), showing potential farm-environment nexus circulation. These further highlight good point intervention control prevention infection. profiles isolate necessitate interventions prudent use antimicrobials.

Language: Английский