Understanding the release mechanisms and secretion patterns for glucagon-like peptide-1 using the isolated perfused intestine as a model
Biochemical Society Transactions,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
53(01)
Published: Jan. 31, 2025
In
the
gastrointestinal
(GI)
tract,
food
is
digested
and
absorbed
while
GI
hormones
are
secreted
from
enteroendocrine
cells
(EECs).
These
regulate
intake,
glucose
homeostasis,
digestion,
motility,
metabolism.
Although
ECCs
may
express
more
than
a
single
hormone,
usually
secrete
only
one
or
few
hormones.
The
pattern
of
EEC
secretion
varies
along
length
tract
as
different
types
scattered
in
densities
tract.
Following
bariatric
surgery,
postprandial
hypersecretion
certain
occurs
which
contributes
to
postsurgery
weight
loss.
Mimicking
this
by
targeting
endogenous
secretion,
using
specific
modulators
receptors,
ion
channels,
transporters
found
on
EECs,
induce
loss
current
research
aim.
To
achieve
this,
complete
understanding
release
mechanisms,
expression
transporters,
ECC
needed.
Using
vascularly
perfused
intestinal
model,
it
possible
obtain
detailed
knowledge
these
mechanisms
evaluating
effects
blocking
stimulating
well
nutrient
handling
absorption
each
sections
intestine.
This
mini-review
will
focus
how
isolated
intestine
has
been
used
our
group
model
investigate
nutrient-induced
with
glucagon-like
peptide-1
secreting
cells.
Language: Английский
Cholecystokinin in intestinal and extraintestinal endocrine cells
Elsevier eBooks,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 87 - 99
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Language: Английский
Molecular mechanisms of stimulus detection and secretion in enteroendocrine cells
Adam Davison,
No information about this author
Frank Reimann,
No information about this author
Fiona M. Gribble
No information about this author
et al.
Current Opinion in Neurobiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
92, P. 103045 - 103045
Published: May 15, 2025
Language: Английский
Fetal programming by the maternal microbiome of offspring behavior, and DNA methylation and gene expression within the hippocampus
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 12, 2024
The
microorganisms
colonizing
the
gastrointestinal
tract
of
animals,
collectively
referred
to
as
gut
microbiome,
affect
numerous
host
behaviors
dependent
on
central
nervous
system
(CNS).
Studies
comparing
germ-free
mice
normally
colonized
have
demonstrated
influences
microbiome
anxiety-related
behaviors,
voluntary
activity,
and
gene
expression
in
CNS.
Additionally,
there
is
epidemiologic
evidence
supporting
an
intergenerational
influence
maternal
neurodevelopment
offspring
behavior
later
life.
There
limited
experimental
however
directly
linking
long-term
neurodevelopmental
outcomes,
or
knowledge
regarding
mechanisms
responsible
for
such
effects.
Language: Английский
Single‐cell transcriptomics of human organoid‐derived enteroendocrine cell populations from the small intestine
The Journal of Physiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 5, 2024
Abstract
Gut
hormones
control
intestinal
function,
metabolism
and
appetite,
have
been
harnessed
therapeutically
to
treat
type
2
diabetes
obesity.
Our
understanding
of
the
enteroendocrine
axis
arises
largely
from
animal
studies,
but
organoid
models
make
it
possible
identify,
genetically
modify
purify
human
cells
(EECs).
This
study
aimed
map
EECs
using
single‐cell
RNA
sequencing.
Organoids
derived
duodenum
ileum
were
modified
CRISPR‐Cas9
express
fluorescent
protein
Venus
driven
by
chromogranin‐A
promoter.
Fluorescent
CHGA‐Venus
organoids
purified
flow
cytometry
analysed
10X
Cluster
analysis
separated
EEC
populations,
allowing
an
examination
differentially
expressed
hormones,
nutrient‐sensing
machinery,
transcription
factors
exocytotic
machinery.
Bile
acid
receptor
GPBAR1
was
most
highly
in
L‐cells
(producing
glucagon‐like
peptide
1
YY),
long‐chain
fatty
FFAR1
highest
I‐cells
(cholecystokinin),
K‐cells
(glucose‐dependent
insulinotropic
polypeptide)
L‐cells,
short‐chain
FFAR2
ileal
enterochromaffin
cells,
olfactory
OR51E1
notably
glucose‐sensing
sodium
glucose
cotransporter
SLC5A1
K‐
reflecting
their
known
responsiveness
ingested
glucose.
The
atlas
merged
with
published
data
intestine
organoids,
good
overlap
between
datasets.
Understanding
similarities
differences
types
will
facilitate
development
drugs
targeting
for
treatment
conditions
such
as
diabetes,
obesity
disorders.
image
Key
points
regulate
nutrient
homeostasis
form
basis
new
classes
diabetes.
As
(EECs)
comprise
only
∼1%
epithelium,
they
are
under‐represented
current
atlases.
To
compare
characterise
we
generated
labelled
duodenal
biopsies
CRISPR‐Cas9.
positive
sequencing,
revealing
predominant
cell
clusters
producing
different
gut
hormones.
Cell
exhibited
differential
expression
machinery
including
bile
receptors,
long‐
receptors
transporters.
Organoid‐derived
mapped
well
onto
native
extending
coverage
EECs.
Language: Английский
Incretin hormones and obesity
The Journal of Physiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 22, 2024
Abstract
The
incretin
hormones
glucagon‐like
peptide‐1
(GLP‐1)
and
glucose‐dependent
insulinotropic
polypeptide
(GIP)
play
critical
roles
in
co‐ordinating
postprandial
metabolism,
including
modulation
of
insulin
secretion
food
intake.
They
are
secreted
from
enteroendocrine
cells
the
intestinal
epithelium
following
ingestion,
act
at
multiple
target
sites
pancreatic
islets
brain.
With
recent
development
agonists
targeting
GLP‐1
GIP
receptors
for
treatment
type
2
diabetes
obesity,
ongoing
new
incretin‐based
drugs
with
improved
efficacy,
there
is
great
interest
understanding
physiology
pharmacology
these
hormones.
image
Language: Английский