Zooanthroponotic potential of SARS-CoV-2 and implications of reintroduction into human populations

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 160 - 164

Published: Jan. 14, 2021

Language: Английский

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Tracking SARS-CoV-2 RNA through the Wastewater Treatment Process

ACS ES&T Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(5), P. 1161 - 1167

Published: April 7, 2021

Municipal sewage carries degraded and intact viral particles RNA (ribonucleic acid) of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2), shed by COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) patients, to eventually wastewater treatment plants. Proper can prevent uncontrolled discharges the virus into environment. However, role different stages in reducing concentrations is, thus far, unknown. Here, we quantified raw during main activated sludge process from two plants Israel, on three days 2020 outbreak. To reduce detection limit, samples were concentrated prior quantification real-time polymerase chain reaction a factor 2-43 using ultrafiltration. On average, ∼1 log removal was attained each primary secondary steps; however, >100 copies RNA/mL remained effluents. Following chlorination, detected only once, likely due an insufficient chlorine dose. Our results emphasize capabilities limitations conventional concentration present preliminary evidence for importance tertiary chlorination dissemination

Language: Английский

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An outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 with high mortality in mink (Neovison vison) on multiple Utah farms

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. e1009952 - e1009952

Published: Nov. 12, 2021

The breadth of animal hosts that are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and may serve as reservoirs for continued viral transmission not known entirely. In August 2020, an outbreak SARS-CoV-2 occurred on five mink farms in Utah was associated with high mortality (35–55% adult mink) rapid between animals. premise clinical disease information, pathology, molecular characterization, tissue distribution virus within infected during the early phase provided. Infection spread rapidly independently housed animals farms, caused death. Disease indicators were most notably sudden death, anorexia, increased effort. Gross pathology examination revealed pulmonary congestion edema. Microscopically there edema moderate vasculitis, perivasculitis, fibrinous interstitial pneumonia. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tissues collected at necropsy demonstrated presence RNA multiple organs including nasal turbinates, lung, tracheobronchial lymph node, epithelial surfaces, others. Localization by situ hybridization a more localized infection, particularly upper tract. Whole genome sequencing from consistent published genomes few polymorphisms. strains fell into Clade GH, which is unique among other sequenced date. While sharing N501T mutation common mink, did share spike RBD mutations Y453F F486L found nearly all United States. Mink reported herein had levels tract symptomatic

Language: Английский

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Host Diversity and Potential Transmission Pathways of SARS-CoV-2 at the Human-Animal Interface

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 180 - 180

Published: Feb. 8, 2021

Emerging infectious diseases present great risks to public health. The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing disease 2019 (COVID-19), has become an urgent health issue of global concern. It is speculated that the virus first emerged through a zoonotic spillover. Basic research studies have suggested bats are likely ancestral reservoir host. Nonetheless, evolutionary history and host susceptibility SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear as multitude animals been proposed potential intermediate or dead-end hosts. isolated from domestic animals, both companion livestock, well in captive wildlife were close contact with human COVID-19 cases. Currently, mink only known animal susceptible natural infection, develop illness, can also transmit other minks humans. To improve foundational knowledge SARS-CoV-2, we conducting synthesis review its diversity transmission pathways. mitigate this pandemic, strongly advocate for systems-oriented scientific approach comprehensively evaluates at interface.

Language: Английский

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The contribution of veterinary public health to the management of the COVID-19 pandemic from a One Health perspective

One Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 100230 - 100230

Published: Feb. 27, 2021

The human coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents one of the greatest public health crises in recent history, which has caused unprecedented and massive disruptions social economic life globally, biggest communication challenges for information-sharing. While there is strong evidence that bats are animal source SARS-CoV-2, causative agent COVID-19, many uncertainties around epidemiology, intermediate species, potential routes SARS-Cov-2 transmission to humans. it also long been known coronaviruses circulate among different including SARS-CoV MERS-CoV, responsible pandemics severe acute respiratory syndrome Middle East endemic Eastern countries 2002–2003 2012 respectively, way this being managed tends downplay or neglect veterinary contribution, not line with One Health approach, if we consider genesis COVID-19 pandemic, likewise SARS MERS lies on a close interdependent links humans, animals environment. To overcome flaw, better operationalize several lines contributions profession might provide manage framework interventions jointly concerted medical domains, notably: experience dealing past epidemics, skills conducting wildlife surveillance targeting emerging pathogens at risky hot spots, aim predict prevent future pandemics, laboratory support diagnosis molecular characterization SARS-CoV-2 samples testing, import risk assessment define strategy international air travel. presents itself ontologically accent all related valuable knowledge can be properly integrated within centralised multidisciplinary task-forces set up national level, renewed role management monitoring structures required managing pandemic.

Language: Английский

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