Recent advances in gut microbiota and thyroid disease: pathogenesis and therapeutics in autoimmune, neoplastic, and nodular conditions DOI Creative Commons
Lihua Fang, Jie Ning

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 24, 2024

This review synthesizes key findings from the past five years of experimental literature, elucidating gut microbiome’s significant influence on pathogenesis thyroid diseases. A pronounced shift in microbiota composition has been consistently observed, with a reduction bacteria such as Bifidobacterium , Bacillaceae Megamonas and Clostridium notable increase bacteria, including Bacteroides Proteobacteria Actinobacteria Desulfobacterota Klebsiella . These alterations are implicated development progression diseases by impacting metabolic pathways bile acid cytokine production, decrease short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that crucial for immune regulation hormone homeostasis. The also highlights therapeutic implications probiotics managing conditions. Evidence suggests probiotic adjunct therapy can modulate microbiota, leading to improvements function patient outcomes. use specific strains, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v longum demonstrated potential enhancing effects traditional treatments possibly restoring balanced microbiota. Notably, fecal transplantation (FMT) emerged promising intervention Graves’ Disease (GD), demonstrating recalibrate thereby influencing neurotransmitters trace elements via gut-brain gut-thyroid axes. integration microbiome-based therapies is anticipated usher new era personalized disease management, offering more nuanced approach care. By integrating this body work, offers an innovative perspective broad impact applications probiotics.

Language: Английский

Bidirectional Association between Periodontitis and Thyroid Disease: A Scoping Review DOI Open Access
Francesco Inchingolo, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo

et al.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(7), P. 860 - 860

Published: June 30, 2024

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the tissues surrounding and supporting teeth. Due to development inflammation, periodontitis can contribute several systemic diseases, including thyroid disease. Thyroid pathology includes benign, malignant, autoimmune conditions leading hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or euthyroidism. Alterations in hormones, especially reveal significant oral manifestations, periodontitis. This scoping review aims explore probable causal relationship between disease, terms epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment. The search strategy follows PRISMA-ScR guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web Science, Cochrane were searched from January 2014 2024, entering MESH “periodontitis” “thyroid”. Of 153 initial records, 20 articles selected discussed. There high prevalence among patients with cancer. causes at basis this association are genetic factors, microbiome, proinflammatory cytokines. Periodontal treatment, specifically scaling root planning, ameliorate parameters. Although there few randomized controlled studies literature, lays foundation for bidirectional link which is, once again, inflammation.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Frequency of Thyroid Microcarcinoma in Patients Who Underwent Total Thyroidectomy with Benign Indication—A 5-Year Retrospective Review DOI Creative Commons
Vasiliki Magra, Kassiani Boulogeorgou, Eleni Paschou

et al.

Medicina, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 60(3), P. 468 - 468

Published: March 12, 2024

Background and Objectives: Incidental thyroid cancers (ITCs) are often microcarcinomas. The most frequent histologic type is a papillary microcarcinoma. Papillary microcarcinomas defined as tumours measuring less than 10 mm at their greatest diameter. They clinically occult frequently diagnosed incidentally in histopathology reports after thyroidectomy. aim of this study to evaluate the rate (PTMC) patients who were thyroidectomised with indications benign disease. Materials Methods: We retrospectively evaluated histological incidence PTMC 431 consecutive who, 5 year period, underwent thyroidectomy indications. Patients histology known or suspected malignancy excluded. Results: Histopathology from 540 total our department between 2016 2021 reviewed. A for presumed 395 had confirmed disease final histopathology, while 36 incidental malignant lesions (33 PTMC—7.67%, one multifocal PTC without microcarcinomas—0.23%, two follicular carcinoma—0.46%). Out patients, 29 female four male (7.2:1 female–male ratio). mean age was 54.2 years old. 24 out 33 lesions, 11 which co-existed macro PTC. Nine unifocal lesions. 21 these initially operated on multinodular goitre (64%), 13 Hashimoto/Lymphocytic thyroiditis (36%). Conclusions: PTMC—often multifocal—is not an uncommon, finding (7.67% series) co-exists other (8.35% series). possibility underlying microcarcinoma should be taken into account management benign—especially nodular—thyroid disease, considered.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Advances in the study of artemisinin and its derivatives for the treatment of rheumatic skeletal disorders, autoimmune inflammatory diseases, and autoimmune disorders: a comprehensive review DOI Creative Commons
Zhiyong Long, Xiang Wang, Wei Xiao

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 25, 2024

Artemisinin and its derivatives are widely recognized as first-line treatments for malaria worldwide. Recent studies have demonstrated that artemisinin-based antimalarial drugs, such artesunate, dihydroartemisinin, artemether, not only possess excellent properties but also exhibit antitumor, antifungal, immunomodulatory effects. Researchers globally synthesized artemisinin like SM735, SM905, SM934, which offer advantages low toxicity, high bioavailability, potential immunosuppressive properties. These compounds induce immunosuppression by inhibiting the activation of pathogenic T cells, suppressing B cell antibody production, enhancing differentiation regulatory cells. This review summarized mechanisms analogs modulate excessive inflammation immune responses in rheumatic skeletal diseases, autoimmune inflammatory disorders, through pathways including TNF, Toll-like receptors, IL-6, RANKL, MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK/STAT, NRF2/GPX4. Notably, context NF-κB pathway, inhibits expression disrupting upstream cascades and/or directly binding to downregulates multiple downstream genes controlled NF-κB, chemokines their receptors. targets regulate various functions, apoptosis, proliferation, signal transduction, antioxidant responses, ultimately intervening systemic diseases organs kidneys, nervous system, skin, liver, biliary system modulating dysregulation responses. Ongoing multicenter randomized clinical trials investigating effects these on rheumatic, inflammatory, with aim translating promising preclinical data into applications.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Germline polymorphisms of the NOD2 pathway may predict the effectiveness of radioiodine in differentiated thyroid cancer treatment DOI Creative Commons
Martyna Borowczyk, Marta Kaczmarek-Ryś, Szymon Hryhorowicz

et al.

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 47(12), P. 2969 - 2980

Published: May 16, 2024

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) presents a complex clinical challenge, especially in patients with distant metastases and resistance to standard treatments. This study aimed investigate the influence of specific genes their germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked both inflammatory processes other neoplasms on pathological characteristics DTC, particularly potential impact radioiodine (RAI) treatment efficacy.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Unveiling Hidden Carcinomas: nonenhanced CT-Based Radiomics Model Enhances PTC Detection in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Running title: CT radiomics identifies carcinoma in HT DOI
Yun Peng,

Kaiyao Huang,

Zijian Gong

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Abstract Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common benign thyroid disease that often coexists with papillary carcinoma (PTC). Owing to the diffuse changes in caused by HT, PTCs can be challenging detect using conventional imaging modalities such as ultrasound and CT. The aim of this study develop radiomics model uses nonenhancedCT (NECT) predict presence PTC patients thereby improving early diagnostic accuracy. Materials Methods: This retrospective included pathologically confirmed HT or without who underwent NECT scans within 30 days before surgery from January 2017 April 2023 at Second Affiliated Hospital Nanchang University (Hospital I) Ganzhou People's II). Radiomic features were extracted PyRadiomics. Interclass correlation coefficient, Pearson LASSO analyses conducted reduce dimensionality radiomicfeatures. Five machine learning algorithms, including logistic regression, naive Bayes, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifiers, employed validate prediction models based on remaining features. Results: A total 130 patients, 89 I 41 II, included. Six nonzero coefficients retained algorithm for inclusion models. MLP performed best external validation cohort, an area under curve 0.783, sensitivity 64.29%, specificity 92.31%. Conclusion: A identify has potential enhance diagnosis intervention these patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Recent advances in gut microbiota and thyroid disease: pathogenesis and therapeutics in autoimmune, neoplastic, and nodular conditions DOI Creative Commons
Lihua Fang, Jie Ning

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Dec. 24, 2024

This review synthesizes key findings from the past five years of experimental literature, elucidating gut microbiome’s significant influence on pathogenesis thyroid diseases. A pronounced shift in microbiota composition has been consistently observed, with a reduction bacteria such as Bifidobacterium , Bacillaceae Megamonas and Clostridium notable increase bacteria, including Bacteroides Proteobacteria Actinobacteria Desulfobacterota Klebsiella . These alterations are implicated development progression diseases by impacting metabolic pathways bile acid cytokine production, decrease short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that crucial for immune regulation hormone homeostasis. The also highlights therapeutic implications probiotics managing conditions. Evidence suggests probiotic adjunct therapy can modulate microbiota, leading to improvements function patient outcomes. use specific strains, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v longum demonstrated potential enhancing effects traditional treatments possibly restoring balanced microbiota. Notably, fecal transplantation (FMT) emerged promising intervention Graves’ Disease (GD), demonstrating recalibrate thereby influencing neurotransmitters trace elements via gut-brain gut-thyroid axes. integration microbiome-based therapies is anticipated usher new era personalized disease management, offering more nuanced approach care. By integrating this body work, offers an innovative perspective broad impact applications probiotics.

Language: Английский

Citations

0