A meta-analysis: Parkinson's disease and dual-task walking

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 62, P. 28 - 35

Published: Dec. 12, 2018

Language: Английский

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Sensorimotor anatomy of gait, balance, and falls

Handbook of clinical neurology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 3 - 26

Published: Jan. 1, 2018

Language: Английский

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Freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease: pathophysiology, risk factors and treatments

Translational Neurodegeneration, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: April 15, 2020

Abstract Background Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common, disabling symptom Parkinson’s disease (PD), but the mechanisms and treatments FOG remain great challenges for clinicians researchers. The main focus this review to summarize possible underlying FOG, risk factors screening predicting onset clinical trials involving various therapeutic strategies. In addition, limitations recommendations future research design are also discussed. Main body mechanism section, we briefly introduced physiological process control hypotheses about FOG. factor disorders, PIGD phenotype, lower striatal DAT uptake were found be independent with consistent evidence. treatment summarized pharmacological non-pharmacological treatments. Despite limited effectiveness current medications especially levodopa resistant there some drugs that showed promise such as istradefylline rasagiline. Non-pharmacological encompass invasive brain spinal cord stimulation, noninvasive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or direct (tDCS) vagus nerve (VNS), physiotherapeutic approaches including cues other training Several novel strategies seem effective, rTMS over supplementary motor area (SMA), dual-site DBS, (SCS) VNS. Of physiotherapy, wearable cueing devices generally effective promising. Conclusion model helpful better understanding characterizing they provide clues further exploration. have been identified, need combinatorial optimization more precisely. Although firm conclusions cannot drawn on efficacy, literature suggested promise.

Language: Английский

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Towards real-world generalizability of a circuit for action-stopping

Nature reviews. Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 538 - 552

Published: July 29, 2021

Language: Английский

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The Biology and Pathobiology of Glutamatergic, Cholinergic, and Dopaminergic Signaling in the Aging Brain

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 13, 2021

The elderly population is growing worldwide, with important health and socioeconomic implications. Clinical experimental studies on aging have uncovered numerous changes in the brain, such as decreased neurogenesis, increased synaptic defects, greater metabolic stress, enhanced inflammation. These are associated cognitive decline neurobehavioral deficits. Although not a disease, it significant risk factor for functional worsening, affective impairment, disease exaggeration, dementia, general susceptibility. Conversely, life events related to mental stress trauma can also lead accelerated age-associated disorders dementia. Here, we review human mice rats, those modeling neurodegenerative diseases, that helped elucidate (1) dynamics mechanisms underlying biological pathological of main projecting systems brain (glutamatergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic) (2) effect defective glutamatergic, dopaminergic projection disabilities disorders, Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s diseases. Detailed knowledge age-related diseases be an element development effective ways treatment. In this context, briefly analyze which adverse glutaminergic could targeted by therapeutic strategies developed result our better understanding these damaging mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Measuring gait speed to better identify prodromal dementia

Experimental Gerontology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 110625 - 110625

Published: June 4, 2019

Slow gait speed has been shown to predict incident dementia and cognitive decline in older individuals. We aimed summarize the evidence concerning association of slow with dementia, discuss possible shared pathways leading motor impairments, under unifying hypothesis that body mind are intimately connected. This is a scoping review supported by systematic search literature, performed on PubMed Web Science. Longitudinal studies providing information role prediction cognitively intact people those initial impairment were eligible. Of 39 selected, including overall 57,456 participants, 33 reported significant between outcomes, dementia. Neurodegenerative pathology cerebrovascular burden may damage cerebral areas involved both functions control. At same time, systemic conditions, characterized higher cardiorespiratory, metabolic inflammatory burden, can affect number organs systems functions, brain, having ultimately an impact cognition. The interplay seems relevant during development measurement improve detection prodromal individuals without deficits. potential applicability such measure clinical research settings points at importance expanding our knowledge about common underlying mechanisms decline.

Language: Английский

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Spatial and Temporal Locomotor Learning in Mouse Cerebellum

Neuron, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 102(1), P. 217 - 231.e4

Published: Feb. 19, 2019

Language: Английский

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Diabetic Neuropathy and Gait: A Review

Diabetes Therapy, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 8(6), P. 1253 - 1264

Published: Sept. 1, 2017

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a major sequela of diabetes mellitus and may have detrimental effect on the gait people with this complication. DPN causes disruption in body's sensorimotor system believed to affect up 50% patients mellitus, dependent duration diabetes. It has morbidity mortality. The nervous controls complex series events through somatic autonomic functions, careful balancing eccentric concentric muscle contractions reliance sensory information received from plantar surface. In literature review focussing kinetics, kinematics posture during patients, we identified an intimate link between abnormalities demonstrated increased risk falls for older As such, need further research role development diabetic foot ulceration subsequent amputations.

Language: Английский

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Freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease reflects a sudden derangement of locomotor network dynamics

Brain, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 142(7), P. 2037 - 2050

Published: May 27, 2019

Freezing of gait is a disabling symptom Parkinson's disease that causes paroxysmal inability to generate effective stepping. The underlying pathophysiology has recently migrated towards dysfunctional supraspinal locomotor network, but the actual network derangements during ongoing freezing are unknown. We investigated communication between cortex and subthalamic nucleus, two main nodes in seven freely-moving subjects with novel deep brain stimulation device, which allows on-demand recording neural activity from chronically-implanted electrodes months after surgical procedure. Multisite neurophysiological recordings (effective) walking were combined kinematic measurements individual molecular imaging studies. Patients walked supervised environment closely resembling everyday life challenges. found walking, nucleus synchronized low frequency band (4-13 Hz). In contrast, was characterized every patient by cortical-subthalamic decoupling hemisphere less striatal dopaminergic innervation. Of relevance, this already evident at transition normal into freezing, maintained episode, resolved recovery pattern. This first evidence for decoding networked processing locomotion suggests 'circuitopathy' related cortical-subcortical communication. A successful therapeutic approach should aim directly targeting dynamics.

Language: Английский

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Cortical dynamics during preparation and execution of reactive balance responses with distinct postural demands

NeuroImage, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 188, P. 557 - 571

Published: Dec. 24, 2018

The contributions of the cerebral cortex to human balance control are clearly demonstrated by profound impact cortical lesions on ability maintain standing balance. is thought regulate subcortical postural centers upright and posture under varying environmental conditions task demands. However, mechanisms that support remain elusive. Here, we present an EEG-based analysis oscillatory dynamics during preparation execution responses with distinct In our experiment, participants responded backward movements surface either one forward step or keeping their feet in place. To challenge system, applied participant-specific high accelerations such demand was low for stepping feet-in-place responses. We expected modulated power intrinsic oscillations. Independent component time-frequency domain statistics revealed stronger suppression alpha (9-13 Hz) low-gamma (31-34 rhythms supplementary motor area (SMA) when preparing (i.e., demand). Irrespective response condition, support-surface elicited broadband (3-17 increase SMA enhancement theta (3-7 rhythm anterior prefrontal (PFC), cingulate (ACC), bilateral sensorimotor cortices (M1/S1). Although reactive resulted largely similar dynamics, comparison between M1/S1 showed corresponded beta (13-17 contralateral leg. Comparison PFC. Our results provide novel insights into SMA, PFC,

Language: Английский

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