microRNAs as molecular tools for brain health: Neuroprotective potential in neurodegenerative disorders

Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Neuronally Derived Extracellular Vesicles’ Oligomeric and p129-α-Synuclein Levels for Differentiation of Parkinson’s Disease from Essential Tremor

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3819 - 3819

Published: April 17, 2025

Clinical differentiation between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) may be challenging, highlighting the need for easily assessable diagnostic biomarkers. Neuronally derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) have been proposed as a peripheral matrix that can well recapitulate cellular composition of neurons. We investigated clinical usefulness NDEV oligomeric p129-α-synuclein levels in discriminating patients with PD those ET. species were assessed using an ELISA 43 PD, 21 ET, 45 healthy controls (HCs). α-synuclein significantly higher comparison ET HCs, while values lower HCs compared to other groups. By receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis, oligomeric-α-synuclein achieved excellent classification performance distinguishing from both (AUC: 0.976 0.997, respectively), was obtained differentiating 0.85). On hand, accurately discriminated 0.997 0.952, respectively) but had very low 0.47). Our study suggests is accurate blood-derived biomarker differentiate useful HCs.

Language: Английский

---

New insights in preanalytical quality

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 23, 2025

Abstract The negative impact of preanalytical errors on the quality laboratory testing is now universally recognized. Nonetheless, recent technological advancements and organizational transformations in healthcare – catalyzed by still ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic) have introduced new challenges promising opportunities for improvement. integration value-based scoring systems clinical laboratories growing evidence linking to patient outcomes costs underscore critical importance this phase. Emerging topics phase include pursuit a “greener” more sustainable environment, innovations self-sampling automated blood collection, strategies minimize loss. Additionally, efforts reduce enhance sustainability through management gained momentum. Digitalization artificial intelligence (AI) offer transformative potential, with applications sample labeling, recording collection events, monitoring conditions during transportation. AI-driven tools can also streamline workflow mitigate errors. Specific managing hemolysis developing its impact, addressing issues related urine designing robust protocols stability studies. rise decentralized presents unique hurdles, while emerging areas such as liquid biopsy anti-doping introduce novel complexities. Altogether, these highlight dynamic evolution need continuous innovation standardization. This collective opinion paper, which summarizes abstracts lectures delivered at two-day European Federation Laboratory Medicine (EFLM) Preanalytical Conference entitled “New Insight Quality” (Padova, Italy; December 12–13, 2025), provides comprehensive overview errors, offers some important insights into less obvious sources vulnerability proposes efficient

Language: Английский

---

Neuronally‐Derived Extracellular Vesicles Transforming Growth Factor Beta‐1 Levels in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Movement Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 2, 2025

Abstract Background Differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from other parkinsonian disorders may be challenging. Objectives To investigate the role of transforming growth factor beta‐1 (TGFβ1) in PSP. Methods A total 33 PSP, 39 Parkinson's disease (PD), 8 multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients, and 50 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. TGFβ1 levels, including both active inactive forms (latency‐associated peptide [LAP]‐TGFβ1), measured serum, extracellular vesicles (EVs), neuronally‐derived EVs (NDEVs) using microfluidic assays ELISA. Results PSP patients exhibited a marked increase LAP‐TGFβ1 levels NDEVs, while no differences observed across groups serum or EVs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated outstanding performance differentiating non‐PSP (TGFβ1, area under curve [AUC]: 0.97; LAP‐TGFβ1, AUC: 1.00), HC, 1.00). Conclusions This study highlights NDEVs as promising blood‐based non‐invasive biomarkers for diagnosis, paving way further research on these proteins © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC behalf International Parkinson Disorder Society.

Language: Английский

---

Emerging Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers for Human Cytomegalovirus Infection During Pregnancy: Unmet Needs and Future Perspectives

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 705 - 705

Published: May 14, 2025

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection during pregnancy is a leading cause of congenital infections worldwide, posing significant risks to fetal health. Despite advances in prenatal care, managing HCMV remains challenging. Early detection, accurate risk assessment, and timely intervention are critical mitigating the adverse outcomes associated with (cHCMV), such as neurodevelopmental delays hearing loss. However, current landscape biomarkers for marked by several unmet needs. These gaps biomarker development application limit our ability predict transmission, assess damage, prognosticate long-term outcomes. Addressing these challenges through identification validation novel could revolutionize management pregnancy, improved both mothers their children. This review examines needs regarding emphasizing priority areas further research innovation.

Language: Английский

---

Communicator Extraordinaire: Extracellular Vesicles in the Tumor Microenvironment Are Essential Local and Long-Distance Mediators of Cancer Metastasis

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(9), P. 2534 - 2534

Published: Sept. 14, 2023

Human tumors are increasingly being described as a complex “ecosystem”, that includes many different cell types, secreted growth factors, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and microvessels, altogether create the tumor microenvironment (TME). Within TME, epithelial cancer cells control function of surrounding stromal non-cellular ECM components in an intricate orchestra signaling networks specifically designed for to exploit their own benefit. Tumor-derived vesicles (EVs) released into essential mediators reprogramming cells, which include cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), endothelial (TECs), responsible promotion neo-angiogenesis, immune evasion, invasion progression. Perhaps most importantly, tumor-derived EVs play critical roles metastatic dissemination through two-fold role initiating establishment pre-metastatic niche, both vital migration, homing, colonization at secondary sites. This review discusses vesicle trafficking within niche formation, focusing on orchestrating cancer-to-stromal communication order promote cells.

Language: Английский

---

Assessment of technical and clinical utility of a bead-based flow cytometry platform for multiparametric phenotyping of CNS-derived extracellular vesicles

Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Oct. 6, 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) originating from the central nervous system (CNS) can enter blood stream and carry molecules characteristic of disease states. Therefore, circulating CNS-derived EVs have potential to serve as liquid-biopsy markers for early diagnosis follow-up neurodegenerative diseases brain tumors. Monitoring profiling using multiparametric analysis would be a major advance biomarker well basic research. Here, we explored performance multiplex bead-based flow-cytometry assay (EV Neuro) semi-quantitative detection in body fluids.EVs were separated culture glioblastoma cell lines (LN18, LN229, NCH82) primary human astrocytes measured at different input amounts MACSPlex EV Kit Neuro, human. In addition, samples small cohorts (GB), multiple sclerosis (MS) Alzheimer's patients healthy controls (HC) subjected Neuro assay. To determine statistically significant differences between relative marker signal intensities, an unpaired t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test computed. Data tSNE, heatmap clustering, correlation further explore relationships state data.Glioblastoma showed distinct profiles. Signal intensities increasing with higher input. normalization improved identification that deviate common profile. Overall, patient blood-derived profiles constant, but individual populations significantly increased compared controls, e.g. CD36+EVs GALC+EVs sclerosis. tSNE clustering GB HC, not MS HC. Correlation revealed association CD107a+EVs neurofilament levels HC.The demonstrated its utility complex samples. However, reliable statistical results studies require large sample high effect sizes. Nonetheless, this exploratory trial confirmed feasibility discovering EV-associated biomarkers monitoring CNS Video Abstract.Extracellular are tiny particles released by cells, carrying unique biomolecules specific their origin. reach blood, where they could diagnosing like disorders This study evaluated flow cytometry platform (here termed assay), which detect simultaneously, assess identifying disease-specific including blood. The materials methods isolating EVs. We found derived astrocytes, more present. Analyzing serum plasma individuals, observed varying individuals. Importantly, data markers, such sclerosis, controls. Advanced techniques effectively distinguished Furthermore, was discovered. proved useful studies, larger sizes necessary. initial disease-associated diseases.

Language: Английский

---

Exosome nanovesicles: biomarkers and new strategies for treatment of human diseases

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(8)

Published: July 15, 2024

Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles of cellular origin. One the main characteristics exosomes is their ability to carry a wide range biomolecules from parental cells, which important mediators intercellular communication and play an role in physiological pathological processes. have advantages biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, biodistribution. As researchers' understanding has increased, various strategies been proposed for use diagnosing treating diseases. Here, we provide overview biogenesis composition exosomes, describe relationship between disease progression, focus on as biomarkers early screening, monitoring, guiding therapy refractory diseases such tumors neurodegenerative We also summarize current applications especially engineered efficient drug delivery, targeted therapies, gene immune vaccines. Finally, challenges potential research directions clinical application discussed. In conclusion, emerging molecule that can be used diagnosis treatment diseases, combined with multidisciplinary innovative solutions, will applications.

Language: Английский

---

Systematic Assessment of Small RNA Profiling in Human Extracellular Vesicles

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(13), P. 3446 - 3446

Published: June 30, 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced and released by most cells now recognized to play a role in intercellular communication through the delivery of molecular cargo, including proteins, lipids, RNA. Small RNA sequencing (small RNA-seq) has been widely used characterize small content EVs. However, there is lack systematic assessment quality, technical biases, composition, biotypes enrichment for profiling EVs across cell types, biofluids, conditions.We collected reanalyzed RNA-seq datasets 2756 samples from 83 studies involving 55 with only 28 both matched donor cells. We assessed their quality total number reads after adapter trimming, overall alignment rate host non-host genomes, proportional abundance specific biotypes, such as miRNA, tRNA, rRNA, Y RNA.We found that EV extraction methods varied reproducibility isolating RNAs, effects on composition. Comparing abundances between cells, we discovered rRNA tRNA fragments were relatively enriched, but miRNAs snoRNA depleted Except export eight being context-independent, selective release into was study-specific.This work guides control selection isolation enhances interpretation contents preferential loading

Language: Английский

---

Evolution of in-hospital patient characteristics and predictors of death in the COVID-19 pandemic across four waves: are they moving targets with implications for patient care?

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Objectives The aim of this work was to study characteristics, outcomes and predictors all-cause death in inpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection across the pandemic waves one large teaching hospital Italy optimize disease management. Methods All patients admitted our center from March 2020 June 2022 were included retrospective observational cohort study. Both descriptive regression tree analyses applied identify factors influencing mortality. Results 527 (65.3% moderate 34.7% severe COVID-19). Significant evolutions patient characteristics found, mortality increased last wave respect third notwithstanding vaccination. Regression analysis showed that in-patients COVID-19 had greatest all waves, especially older adults, while prognosis depended on COVID-19: during first wave, dyspnea main predictor, chronic kidney emerged as determinant factor afterwards. Conclusion Patients COVID-19, adults well those concomitant most recent require more attention for monitoring care. Therefore, drives towards importance co-morbidities their clinical impact hospital, indicating healthcare system should adapt evolving features epidemic.

Language: Английский

---