The law of thaw: understanding subnational land use policies for permafrost-agroecosystems

Polar Record, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract As the Arctic warms and growing seasons start to lengthen, governments producers are speculating about northern “climate-driven agricultural frontiers” as a potential solution food insecurity. One of central ecological factors in spaces, however, is permafrost (perennial frozen ground), which can drive cascading environmental changes upon thaw. Considering land requirements for expanded agriculture unique challenges farming, national subnational grappling with facilitating this speculative boom different ways. Analysing use policy instruments from US State Alaska Republic Sakha (Yakutia) Russia, paper investigates if how into their legal frameworks what impacts has on development, conservation, security. were chosen reasons including both having at least 100 years history soils, containing extensive amounts within landmasses that ice-rich. Comparing texts indicative state capacities strategies govern, finds two regions diverge they understand regulate permafrost, suggests these approaches could benefit one another. Bringing together geoclimatic sociocultural concerns problematise static divisions, gestures path forward wherein balance needs food, environmental, cultural security North.

Language: Английский

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Lactase deficiency in Russia: multiethnic genetic study

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 77(8), P. 803 - 810

Published: June 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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Multifarious Trajectories in Plant-Based Ethnoveterinary Knowledge in Northern and Southern Eastern Europe

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: Oct. 14, 2021

Over the last century in European context, animal production has been transformed by dynamics of centralization and decentralization due to political economic factors. These processes have influenced knowledge related healing ensuring welfare domestic animals. Therefore, our study aimed document compare current past ethnoveterinary practices, identify trajectories regions from both northern southern Eastern Europe. In summers 2018 2019, we conducted 476 interviews, recording use 94 plant taxa, 67 which were wild 24 cultivated. We documented 452 reports, improvement quality or quantity meat milk, while other 428 involved practices for treating 10 taxa. Cattle most mentioned target treatments across all areas, representing about 70% reports. Only four species reported five more countries (Artemisia absinthium, Hypericum spp., Linum usitatissimum, Quercus robur). The located Northern Southern Europe did not present similar trajectories. Bukovinian mountain areas appeared hold a living reservoir knowledge, unlike regions. Setomaa (especially Estonian Setomaa) Dzukija showed an erosion with many uses but no longer use. richness Bukovina could developed maintained through its peculiar geographical location Carpathian Mountains fostered intrinsic relationship between mountains local pastoralists unbroken continuity management even during Soviet era. Finally, results show some patterns common several veterinary medicine promoted time Union. However, Union centralized breeding system, resulted decline as highly specialized doctors worked almost every village. Future research should examine complex networks sources where farmers derive their knowledge.

Language: Английский

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Estimation of Carbon Stocks and Carbon Sequestration Rates in Abandoned Agricultural Soils of Northwest Russia

Atmosphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1370 - 1370

Published: Aug. 30, 2023

The fallow agricultural soils of Northwest Russia represent an evolutionary model the development ecosystem components in time and space with multidirectional dynamics agrogenic impact during long history land development. There has been both large-scale uncontrolled conversion arable lands to a state along their removal recent times. All this led formation chrono-series different-age varying degrees exposure factors. This paper presents current review humus Russia, examines main factors (self-restoration, transformation, acidification) influencing transformation soil cover under process post-agrogenesis. Effective farming techniques aimed at fixing carbon as part increasing sequestration potential mitigate climate change are considered. ongoing transition into could lead organic losses changes physical chemical parameters, which negatively affects self-restoration lands. We offer some recommendations for effective rewetting purpose cover.

Language: Английский

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Morphological features, productivity and pollution state of abandoned agricultural soils in the Russian Arctic (Yamal Region)

One Ecosystem, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Aug. 9, 2021

Recently, questions about the return of concept Arctic agriculture in order to promote sustainable development northern regions and ensure food security have been raised more often. The re-involvement previously-used abandoned soils into agricultural usage can provide an essential contribution for regions. We conducted a comprehensive research with different levels abandonment central part Yamal Region (Russia) compared their morphological features, chemical physical properties, fertile qualities level contamination heavy trace metals background region. It has noted that there are no evident features cryoturbation processes profiles agricultucal regular changes redox regime, as consequence presence reductimorphic spots soil profiles, recorded. Soil organic matter (SOM) stock topsoil is estimated medium similar stocks total circumpolar region (Norway, Sweden, Finland). Statistically significant differences content nutrients between were recorded which indicates stability nutritional state during states. Particularly notable available forms phosphorus. results study revealed various periods Region. Abandoned be used ground greenhouse agriculture, these having high fertility not limited use by metals. According character metal contamination, evaluated uncontaminated on base Z c I geo indices values. Reuse previously undoubtedly become basis increasing production ensuring

Language: Английский

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Severe decline in abundance of Cyathostoma lari, a parasite of the nasal and orbital sinuses of gulls, at their central European nesting grounds

Journal of Helminthology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 98

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Cyathostoma lari is a parasite of the nasal and orbital sinuses gulls other hosts in Europe Canada. Here, we provide an overview previously published data on prevalence infection intensity C. gulls. Furthermore, based our data, analyze spatiotemporal trends by Chroicocephalus ridibundus Czechia (central Europe; from 1964 to 2014) compare them with those obtained five species Karelia (Northwest Russia; 2012–2020). Based preliminary observations, hypothesized that subject decline certain regions, but this not necessarily applicable throughout its distribution range. We found population crashed specific parts The reasons are unknown, observed changes correspond diet switch their core host Czechia, ridibundus. Czech earthworms (intermediate ) types food. This affected both young adult birds. Nevertheless, it may affect populations where they depend less collected agrocenoses agrochemicals trampling. Correspondingly, these were limited only regions feed (or fed) arable fields. In Karelia, fields scarce, likely continue still display high rates lari. Therefore, , gulls, nearly disappeared central European nesting grounds present better-preserved

Language: Английский

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Global Warming and Russia: Challenges and Opportunities

Diplomasi ve Strateji Dergisi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Global warming presents both profound challenges and strategic opportunities for the Russian Federation, particularly in its vast Arctic permafrost regions. This article explores multifaceted impacts of thawing, examining environmental, economic, geopolitical dimensions. On one hand, thawing accelerates greenhouse gas emissions, destabilizes infrastructure, disrupts ecosystems traditional livelihoods. other it unlocks access to untapped natural resources, expands arable land, facilitates development Northern Sea Route (NSR) as a alternative maritime routes. analysis highlights how these dynamics are reshaping Russia’s strategy, influencing global energy markets, contributing potential shift agricultural landscapes. The also evaluates government’s policies, juxtaposing short-term adaptive measures with long-term ambitions, discusses broader implications international relations climate governance.

Language: Английский

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On Some Issues of Alienation of the Right to Lease Land

Lecture notes in networks and systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 452 - 461

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Subsidies and Employment: Exploring the Experience of Corporate and Family Farms in Russia

Eastern European Economics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 27

Published: Nov. 19, 2023

The paper investigates whether agricultural enterprises and the family farm sector in Russia respond differently to subsidies with respect employment. Results show that investment work a conventional capital-labor substitution framework, reducing employment which they are applied but indirectly increasing alternative sector. Production increase characterized by low labor elasticity, reduce it more elastic remaining covariates have opposing signs two models, indicating qualitative difference between

Language: Английский

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