CB2 Cannabinoid Receptor as a Potential Target in Myocardial Infarction: Exploration of Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(3), P. 1683 - 1683

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

The lipid endocannabinoid system has recently emerged as a novel therapeutic target for several inflammatory and tissue-damaging diseases, including those affecting the cardiovascular system. primary targets of cannabinoids are cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) 2 (CB2) receptors. CB2 receptor is expressed in cardiomyocytes. While pathological changes myocardium upregulate receptor, genetic deletion aggravates changes. plays crucial role attenuating advancement myocardial infarction (MI)-associated myocardium. Activation receptors exerts cardioprotection MI via numerous molecular pathways. For instance, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol attenuated progression modulation receptor-dependent anti-inflammatory mechanisms, suppression pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β. Through similar natural synthetic ligands repair tissue damage. This review aims to offer an in-depth discussion on ameliorative potential injuries induced by variety pathogenic mechanisms. Further, autophagy, TGF-β/Smad3 signaling, MPTP opening, ROS production discussed. correlation with cardiac injury markers, such troponin I, LDH1, CK-MB, explored. Special attention been paid insights into implications activation MI.

Language: Английский

Structural and Functional Dysregulation of the Brain Endothelium in HIV Infection and Substance Abuse

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(17), P. 1415 - 1415

Published: Aug. 24, 2024

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury and dysfunction following infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) enables viral entry into brain, of resident brain cells, neuronal subsequent neurodegeneration leading to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). Although combination antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced incidence prevalence acquired syndrome increased life expectancy people living HIV, HAND remains high. With aging HIV associated comorbidities, HIV-related central nervous system (CNS) complications is expected remain Considering principal role endothelium in CNS HAND, purpose this manuscript review current literature on pathobiology structural functional dysregulation infection, including presence HIV-1 proteins (gp120, Tat, Nef, Vpr). We summarize evidence from animal studies, vitro mechanisms. further synergy or lack thereof between commonly abused substances (cocaine, methamphetamine, alcohol, tobacco, opioids, cannabinoids) HIV- protein-induced BBB dysfunction.

Language: Английский

Chronic PPARα/γ and CB2R agonist treatments attenuated visceral adipose tissue (VAT)-derived extracellular vesicle-related VAT and intestinal abnormalities in NASH mice

American Journal Of Pathology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский