Alpha‐Band Brain Activity Shapes Online Perceptual Learning of Concurrent Speech Differentially in Musicians vs. Nonmusicians

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(9)

Published: April 28, 2025

ABSTRACT Plasticity from auditory experience shapes the brain's encoding and perception of sound. Though stronger neural entrainment (i.e., brain‐to‐acoustic synchronization) aids speech perception, underlying oscillatory activity may uniquely interact with long‐term experiences music training) short‐term plasticity during concurrent perception. Here, we explored rapid perceptual learning sounds in normal‐hearing young adults who differed their amount self‐reported training (defined as “musicians” “nonmusicians”). Participants learned to identify double‐vowel mixtures ~45 min sessions high‐density EEG recordings. We analyzed alpha‐band power (7–12 Hz) following a rhythmic speech‐stimulus train (~9 preceding behavioral identification determine whether increased (brain‐to‐speech entrainment) or decreased alpha (alpha‐band suppression) corresponded task success. Source directed functional connectivity analyses data probed behavior was driven by group differences auditory‐motor coupling. Both groups improved training. Listeners' prior target predicted performance; surprisingly, oscillations were observed incorrect compared correct trial responses. also found stark hemispheric biases coupling, greater right left hemisphere for musicians (R > L) but not nonmusicians = L). Stronger responses supports notion that (~10 suppression is an important modulator trial‐by‐trial success processing. Our findings suggest impact

Language: Английский

---

Development of Higher-Level Vision: A Network Perspective

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(40), P. e1291242024 - e1291242024

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Most studies on the development of visual system have focused mechanisms shaping early stages up to level primary cortex (V1). Much less is known about after V1 that handle higher functions fundamental everyday life. The standard model for maturation these areas it occurs sequentially, according positions in adult hierarchy. Yet, existing literature reviewed here paints a different picture, one which configuration emerges through sequence unique network configurations are not mere partial versions In addition studying per se fill major gaps knowledge, will be crucial adopt network-level perspective future investigations unravel normal developmental mechanisms, identify vulnerabilities disorders, and eventually devise treatments disorders.

Language: Английский

---

Amyloid-β causes NMDA receptor dysfunction and dendritic spine loss through mGluR1 and AKAP150-anchored calcineurin signaling

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(37), P. e0675242024 - e0675242024

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Neuronal excitatory synapses are primarily located on small dendritic protrusions called spines. During synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory, Ca 2+ influx through postsynaptic NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) initiates signaling pathways that coordinate changes in spine structure function. long-term potentiation (LTP), high levels of NMDAR promote increases both strength size activation -dependent protein kinases. In contrast, during depression (LTD), low decreased shrinkage elimination the phosphatase calcineurin (CaN), which is anchored at via scaffold A-kinase anchoring (AKAP)150. Alzheimer's disease (AD), pathological agent amyloid-β (Aβ) may impair memory biasing toward LTD elimination. By employing AKAP150 knock-in mice sexes with a mutation disrupts CaN to AKAP150, we revealed local, AKAP–CaN–LTD was required for Aβ-mediated impairment influx, inhibition LTP, loss. Additionally, found Aβ acutely engages AKAP–CaN G-protein-coupled metabotropic receptor 1 (mGluR1) leading dephosphorylation GluN2B subunits, decreases favor over cofilin, promotes F-actin severing destabilize These findings reveal novel interplay between mGluR1 converges AKAP-anchored substrates linked multiple aspects dysfunction.

Language: Английский

---

Auditory-motor entrainment and listening experience shape the perceptual learning of concurrent speech

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 19, 2024

ABSTRACT Background Plasticity from auditory experience shapes the brain’s encoding and perception of sound. Though prior research demonstrates that neural entrainment (i.e., brain-to-acoustic synchronization) aids speech perception, how long- short-term plasticity influence to concurrent has not been investigated. Here, we explored mechanisms interplay between short- long-term neuroplasticity for rapid perceptual learning sounds in young, normal-hearing musicians nonmusicians. Method Participants learned identify double-vowel mixtures during ∼45 min training sessions with high-density EEG recordings. We examined degree which brain responses entrained speech-stimulus train (∼9 Hz) investigate whether behavioral decision predicted task performance. Source directed functional connectivity analyses probed behavior was driven by group differences auditory-motor coupling. Results Both nonmusicians showed accuracy training. Interestingly, listeners’ strength target identification performance; stronger synchronization observed preceding incorrect compared correct trial responses. also found stark hemispheric biases coupling entrainment, greater right left hemisphere (R>L) but (R=L). Conclusions Our findings confirm neuroacoustic processing musicians. Stronger stimulus trains supports notion alpha-band (∼10 arousal/suppression activity is an important modulator trial-by-trial success processing.

Language: Английский

---

“Superiority of Rhythmic Auditory Signals over Electrical Stimulation to Entrain Behavior”

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 12, 2024

Abstract Neural tracking (entrainment) of auditory rhythms enhances perception. We previously demonstrated that transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can enhance or suppress entrainment to rhythmic stimuli, depending on the timing between electrical and signals, although tACS effects are primarily modulatory. This study further investigated when signals were presented together (Experiment 1, N = 34) independently 2, 24; Experiment 3, 12). hypothesized would be more pronounced rhythm was made less perceptually salient reduce competition with rhythm. Participants detected silent gaps in modulated unmodulated noise stimuli. In stimuli predominated entraining behavior. While behavioral sound affected by modulation depth stimulus, not. no information from sound, 16 24 participants showed significant tACS, most effective frequency varied across participants. An oscillator model a free parameter for individual resonance produced profiles similar those we observed behaviorally. both neural sounds stimulus frequency, but again Our findings suggest depend individual’s preferred there is sensory emphasizing importance targeting frequencies experiments. When compete, prevail, indicating superiority modulating

Language: Английский

---

Adult visual deprivation engages associative, presynaptic plasticity of thalamic input to cortex

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 6, 2024

Associative plasticity at thalamocortical synapses is thought to be constrained by age in the mammalian cortex. However, here we show for first time that prolonged visual deprivation induces robust and reversible between order thalamus cortical layer 4 pyramidal neurons. The associative expressed changes presynaptic function, thereby amplifying relaying change efferent drive

Language: Английский

---

Cross-linguistic and acoustic-driven effects on multiscale neural synchrony to stress rhythms

Brain and Language, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 256, P. 105463 - 105463

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

---