Perineuronal Nets in the CNS: Architects of Memory and Potential Therapeutic Target in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3412 - 3412

Published: March 18, 2024

The extracellular matrix (ECM) within the brain possesses a distinctive composition and functionality, influencing spectrum of physiological pathological states. Among its constituents, perineuronal nets (PNNs) are unique ECM structures that wrap around cell body many neurons extend along their dendrites central nervous system (CNS). PNNs pivotal regulators plasticity in CNS, both during development adulthood stages. Characterized by condensed glycosaminoglycan-rich heterogeneous molecular composition, not only offer neuroprotection but also participate signal transduction, orchestrating neuronal activity plasticity. Interfering with adult animals induces reactivation critical period plasticity, permitting modifications connections promoting recovery neuroplasticity following spinal cord damage. Interestingly, brain, PNN expression is dynamic, potentially modulating plasticity-associated Given multifaceted roles, have emerged as domains learning, memory, addiction behaviors, other neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we aimed to address how contribute memory processes conditions.

Language: Английский

Perineuronal Net Microscopy: From Brain Pathology to Artificial Intelligence

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 4227 - 4227

Published: April 11, 2024

Perineuronal nets (PNN) are a special highly structured type of extracellular matrix encapsulating synapses on large populations CNS neurons. PNN undergo structural changes in schizophrenia, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, post-traumatic conditions, and some other brain disorders. The functional role the microstructure pathologies has remained largely unstudied until recently. Here, we review recent research implicating microstructural schizophrenia We further concentrate high-resolution studies mesh units surrounding synaptic boutons to elucidate fine details behind mutual regulation between ECM terminal. also updates regarding as potential pharmacological target. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods now arriving new tool that may have grasp brain's complexity through wide range organization levels-from molecular events scale tissue rearrangements whole-brain connectome function. This scope matches exactly complex physiology pathology processes, first AI-assisted microscopy been reported. To end, report here machine learning-assisted for contour tracing.

Language: Английский

Response of Parvalbumin interneurons and perineuronal nets in rat medial prefrontal cortex and lateral amygdala to stressor controllability

Brain Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 149351 - 149351

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский