Three Small-Receptive-Field Ganglion Cells in the Mouse Retina Are Distinctly Tuned to Size, Speed, and Object Motion DOI Creative Commons
Jason Jacoby, Gregory W. Schwartz

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 37(3), P. 610 - 625

Published: Dec. 5, 2016

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are frequently divided into functional types by their ability to extract and relay specific features from a visual scene, such as the capacity discern local or global motion, direction of stimulus orientation, contrast uniformity, presence large small objects. Here we introduce three previously uncharacterized, nondirection-selective ON–OFF RGC that represent distinct set feature detectors in mouse retina. The high-definition (HD) RGCs possess receptive-field centers strong surround suppression. They respond selectively objects sizes, speeds, motion. We present comprehensive morphological characterization HD physiological recordings light responses, size structure, synaptic mechanisms also explore similarities differences between well characterized with comparably receptive field, edge detector, response moving textures. model populations each type study how they differ performance tracking object. These results, besides introducing new together constitute substantial fraction RGCs, provide insights role different circuits shaping fields establish foundation for continued suppression neural basis motion detection. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT output retina, retinal (RGCs), diverse group ∼40 neuron often assigned “feature detection” profiles based on aspects scene which respond. describe, first time, substantially augmenting our understanding selectivity. Experiments modeling show while these “high-definition” share certain properties, have tuning size, speed, enabling them occupy niches space.

Language: Английский

Mapping nonlinear receptive field structure in primate retina at single cone resolution DOI Creative Commons
Jeremy Freeman, Greg D. Field, Peter H. Li

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Oct. 28, 2015

The function of a neural circuit is shaped by the computations performed its interneurons, which in many cases are not easily accessible to experimental investigation. Here, we elucidate transformation visual signals flowing from input output primate retina, using combination large-scale multi-electrode recordings an identified ganglion cell type, stimulation targeted at individual cone photoreceptors, and hierarchical computational model. results reveal nonlinear subunits circuity OFF midget cells, subserve high-resolution vision. model explains light responses variety stimuli more accurately than linear model, including cones within across subunits. recovered components consistent with known anatomical organization bipolar interneurons. These spatial structure encoding, resolution single cells scale complete circuits.

Language: Английский

Citations

100
Electronic approaches to restoration of sight DOI
Georges Goetz, Daniel Palanker

Reports on Progress in Physics, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 79(9), P. 096701 - 096701

Published: Aug. 9, 2016

Retinal prostheses are a promising means for restoring sight to patients blinded by the gradual atrophy of photoreceptors due retinal degeneration. They designed reintroduce information into visual system electrically stimulating surviving neurons in retina. This review outlines concepts and technologies behind two major approaches prosthetics: epiretinal subretinal. We describe how responds electrical stimulation. highlight differences between direct encoding output with stimulation, network-mediated response subretinal summarize results pre-clinical evaluation prosthetic functions in- ex vivo, as well outcomes current clinical trials various implants. also briefly alternative, non-electronic, restoration blind, conclude suggesting some perspectives future advancement field.

Language: Английский

Citations

100
An excitatory amacrine cell detects object motion and provides feature-selective input to ganglion cells in the mouse retina DOI Creative Commons
Tahnbee Kim, Florentina Soto, Daniel Kerschensteiner

et al.

eLife, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: May 19, 2015

Retinal circuits detect salient features of the visual world and report them to brain through spike trains retinal ganglion cells. The most abundant cell type in mice, so-called W3 cell, selectively responds movements small objects. Where how object motion sensitivity arises retina is incompletely understood. In this study, we use 2-photon-guided patch-clamp recordings characterize responses vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGluT3)-expressing amacrine cells (ACs) a broad set stimuli. We find that these ACs are sensitive analyze synaptic mechanisms underlying computation. Anatomical circuit reconstructions suggest VGluT3-expressing form glutamatergic synapses with cells, targeted show tuning cells' excitatory input matches ACs' responses. Synaptic excitation diminished, suppressed mice lacking VGluT3. Object motion, thus, first detected by ACs, which provide feature-selective

Language: Английский

Citations

99
Contactin-4 Mediates Axon-Target Specificity and Functional Development of the Accessory Optic System DOI Creative Commons

Jessica A. Osterhout,

Benjamin K. Stafford,

Phong L. Nguyen

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 86(4), P. 985 - 999

Published: May 1, 2015

Language: Английский

Citations

94
Three Small-Receptive-Field Ganglion Cells in the Mouse Retina Are Distinctly Tuned to Size, Speed, and Object Motion DOI Creative Commons
Jason Jacoby, Gregory W. Schwartz

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 37(3), P. 610 - 625

Published: Dec. 5, 2016

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are frequently divided into functional types by their ability to extract and relay specific features from a visual scene, such as the capacity discern local or global motion, direction of stimulus orientation, contrast uniformity, presence large small objects. Here we introduce three previously uncharacterized, nondirection-selective ON–OFF RGC that represent distinct set feature detectors in mouse retina. The high-definition (HD) RGCs possess receptive-field centers strong surround suppression. They respond selectively objects sizes, speeds, motion. We present comprehensive morphological characterization HD physiological recordings light responses, size structure, synaptic mechanisms also explore similarities differences between well characterized with comparably receptive field, edge detector, response moving textures. model populations each type study how they differ performance tracking object. These results, besides introducing new together constitute substantial fraction RGCs, provide insights role different circuits shaping fields establish foundation for continued suppression neural basis motion detection. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT output retina, retinal (RGCs), diverse group ∼40 neuron often assigned “feature detection” profiles based on aspects scene which respond. describe, first time, substantially augmenting our understanding selectivity. Experiments modeling show while these “high-definition” share certain properties, have tuning size, speed, enabling them occupy niches space.

Language: Английский

Citations

88