Spontaneous alpha-band lateralization extends persistence of visual information in iconic memory by modulating cortical excitability. DOI Creative Commons
Peter J. Smith, Niko A. Busch

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract Pre-stimulus alpha oscillations in the visual cortex modulate neuronal excitability, influencing sensory processing and decision-making. While this relationship has been demonstrated mostly detection tasks with low-visibility stimuli, interpretations of such effects can be ambiguous due to biases, making it difficult clearly distinguish between perception-related decision-related effects. In study, we investigated how spontaneous fluctuations pre-stimulus power affect iconic memory, a high-capacity, ultra-short memory store. Data from 49 healthy adults (34 female 15 male) was analyzed. We employed partial report task, where brief display six stimuli followed by cue indicating target stimulus. paradigm, accuracy at short stimulus-cue onset asynchronies (SOAs) is typically high, reflecting initial availability information, but rapidly declines intermediate SOAs decay trace, stabilizing low asymptote long SOAs, representing limited capacity short-term memory. Crucially, performance task constrained temporal persistence not visibility or response bias. found that strong enhanced amplifying stimulus without affecting speed decay. This effect driven predominantly stronger hemisphere ipsilateral to-be-reported target, likely suppressing excitability neurons coding irrelevant stimuli. Our findings underscore role modulating perception, independent decision-making strategies implicated prior studies.

Language: Английский

Spontaneous slow cortical potentials and brain oscillations independently influence conscious visual perception DOI Creative Commons

Lua Koenig,

Biyu J. He

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. e3002964 - e3002964

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Perceptual awareness results from an intricate interaction between external sensory input and the brain’s spontaneous activity. Pre-stimulus ongoing activity influencing conscious perception includes both brain oscillations in alpha (7 to 14 Hz) beta (14 30 frequency ranges aperiodic slow cortical potential (SCP, <5 range. However, whether SCPs independently influence or do so through shared mechanisms remains unknown. Here, we addressed this question 2 independent magnetoencephalography (MEG) data sets involving near-threshold visual tasks humans using low-level (Gabor patches) high-level (objects, faces, houses, animals) stimuli, respectively. We found that oscillatory power large-scale SCP not have variance. In addition, mediation analysis, show pre-stimulus different relations pupil size—an index of arousal—in their influences on perception. Together, these findings suggest contribute perceptual awareness, with distinct pupil-linked arousal.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
The Interplay of Spontaneous Pupil‐Size Fluctuations and EEG Power in Near‐Threshold Detection DOI Creative Commons
Veera Ruuskanen,

C. Nico Boehler,

Sebastiaan Mathôt

et al.

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 62(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Detection of near‐threshold stimuli depends on the properties stimulus and state observer. In visual detection tasks, improved accuracy is associated with larger prestimulus pupil size. However, it still unclear whether this association due to optical effects (more light entering eye), correlations arousal, cortical excitability (as reflected in alpha power), or a mix these. To better understand this, we investigated relative contributions size power alpha, beta, theta frequency bands detection. We found that more stimulus‐present responses, these were not mediated by spectral EEG. Pupil was also positively correlated beta bands. Taken together, our results show an independent effect performance driven but may be effects, physiological both.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Selective Effects of Ongoing Alpha‐Band Activity on Magno‐ and Parvo‐Mediated Detection DOI Creative Commons
April Pilipenko, Jason Samaha

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 62(5)

Published: May 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Spontaneous fluctuations in cortical excitability, as reflected variation occipital alpha‐band activity (8–12 Hz), have been shown to explain trial‐to‐trial variability perception. Specifically, observers typically report seeing a stimulus more often during states of weak alpha power, likely due shift detection criterion. However, prior work has paid little attention the specific properties mediating detection. In early vision, different are preferentially processed along magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways, which vary their preference for spatial temporal frequency content chromatic information. The goal this study was understand how spontaneous power affects stimuli by either MC or PC pathway. To achieve this, we used “Steady/Pulsed Paradigm” presented brief, near‐threshold two conditions intended bias processing one other Our results showed an interaction effect pre‐stimulus on between conditions. While predictive steady condition (MC‐biased), no significant found pulsed (PC‐biased). This driven selective alpha‐related criterion condition, with sensitivity (d') condition. imply that oscillations may differentially regulate excitability pathways.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The interplay of spontaneous pupil-size fluctuations and EEG power in near-threshold detection DOI Creative Commons
Veera Ruuskanen, C. Nico Boehler, Sebastiaan Mathôt

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Detection of near-threshold stimuli depends on the properties stimulus and state observer. In visual detection tasks, improved sensitivity is associated with larger pre-stimulus pupil size. However, it still unclear whether this association due to optical effects (more light entering eye), correlations arousal, cortical excitability (as reflected in alpha power), or a mix these. To better understand this, we investigated relative contributions size power alpha, beta, theta frequency bands detection. We found that more liberal criterion (the likelihood reporting was detected). Importantly, relationship between not mediated by any measured neural variables; however beta band (12-30 Hz). Pupil positively correlated bands. Additionally, show suppression (4 - 8 Hz) criterion. Taken together, our results an independent effect driven excitability, but may be effects, both.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Strength of low-frequency EEG phase entrainment to external stimuli is associated with fluctuations in the brain’s internal state DOI Creative Commons
Verónica Mäki-Marttunen,

Alexandra Velinov,

Sander Nieuwenhuis

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 23, 2024

Abstract The brain attends to environmental rhythms by aligning the phase of internal oscillations. However, factors underlying fluctuations in strength this entrainment remain largely unknown. In present study we examined whether low-frequency EEG rhythmic stimulus sequences varied with pupil size and posterior alpha-band power, thought reflect arousal level excitability cortical areas, respectively. We recorded scalp while participants carried out an intermodal selective attention task, which they were instructed attend a sequence visual or auditory stimuli ignore other perceptual modality. As expected, intertrial coherence (ITC), measure strength, was larger for task-relevant than task-irrelevant Across experiment, alpha power strongly linked each other. Interestingly, ITC tracked both variables: associated increase sequence, whereas decrease sequences. Exploratory analyses showed that temporal relation between emerged time periods around maxima minima. These results indicate endogenous sources contribute distinctly entrainment. Significance statement Fluctuations state powerfully shape perception external stimuli. Understanding physiological signatures is crucial understand how selectively switches content. Here studied two attentional state, pupil-linked band, activity Our reveal common dissociable influences these at slow scales. Furthermore, measuring including as covariates statistical models can help studies focusing on provides new evidence direct influence

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Selective Effects of Ongoing Alpha-Band Activity on Magno- and Parvo-Mediated Detection DOI Creative Commons
April Pilipenko, Jason Samaha

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 29, 2024

Abstract Spontaneous fluctuations in cortical excitability, as reflected variation occipital alpha-band activity (8-12 Hz), have been shown to explain trial-to-trial variability perception. Specifically, observers typically report seeing a stimulus more often during states of weak alpha power, likely due shift detection criterion. However, prior work has paid little attention the specific properties mediating detection. In early vision, different are preferentially processed along magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) pathways, which vary their preference for spatial temporal frequency content chromatic information. The goal this study was understand how spontaneous power affects stimuli by either MC or PC pathway. To achieve this, we used “Steady/Pulsed Paradigm’’ presented brief, near-threshold two conditions intended bias processing one other Our results showed an interaction effect pre-stimulus on between conditions. While predictive steady condition (MC-biased), no significant found pulsed (PC-biased). This driven selective alpha-related criterion condition, with sensitivity (d’) condition. imply that oscillations may differentially regulate excitability pathways.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Spontaneous alpha-band lateralization extends persistence of visual information in iconic memory by modulating cortical excitability. DOI Creative Commons
Peter J. Smith, Niko A. Busch

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 23, 2024

Abstract Pre-stimulus alpha oscillations in the visual cortex modulate neuronal excitability, influencing sensory processing and decision-making. While this relationship has been demonstrated mostly detection tasks with low-visibility stimuli, interpretations of such effects can be ambiguous due to biases, making it difficult clearly distinguish between perception-related decision-related effects. In study, we investigated how spontaneous fluctuations pre-stimulus power affect iconic memory, a high-capacity, ultra-short memory store. Data from 49 healthy adults (34 female 15 male) was analyzed. We employed partial report task, where brief display six stimuli followed by cue indicating target stimulus. paradigm, accuracy at short stimulus-cue onset asynchronies (SOAs) is typically high, reflecting initial availability information, but rapidly declines intermediate SOAs decay trace, stabilizing low asymptote long SOAs, representing limited capacity short-term memory. Crucially, performance task constrained temporal persistence not visibility or response bias. found that strong enhanced amplifying stimulus without affecting speed decay. This effect driven predominantly stronger hemisphere ipsilateral to-be-reported target, likely suppressing excitability neurons coding irrelevant stimuli. Our findings underscore role modulating perception, independent decision-making strategies implicated prior studies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0