BioEssays,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Nov. 26, 2024
ABSTRACT
Due
to
various
intracellular
and
external
cues,
cellular
organelles
are
frequently
stressed
in
both
physiological
pathological
conditions.
Sensing
these
stresses
initiates
signaling
pathways
which
may
lead
adaptation
of
the
cells
or
trigger
its
their
death.
At
unicellular
level,
this
stress
involves
a
crosstalk
between
different
organelles.
multicellular
such
can
contribute
indicate
presence
cell
neighboring
cells.
Here,
we
highlight
crucial
diverse
roles
played
by
Ubiquitin
Ubiquitin‐like
modification
organelle
signaling.
Antioxidants,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 1075 - 1075
Published: May 10, 2023
Mitochondria
play
a
major
role
in
ROS
production
and
defense
during
their
life
cycle.
The
transcriptional
activator
PGC-1α
is
key
player
the
homeostasis
of
energy
metabolism
therefore
closely
linked
to
mitochondrial
function.
responds
environmental
intracellular
conditions
regulated
by
SIRT1/3,
TFAM,
AMPK,
which
are
also
important
regulators
biogenesis
In
this
review,
we
highlight
functions
regulatory
mechanisms
within
framework,
with
focus
on
its
involvement
lifecycle
metabolism.
As
an
example,
show
scavenging
under
inflammatory
conditions.
Interestingly,
stress
response
factor
NF-κB,
regulates
immune
response,
reciprocally
regulated.
During
inflammation,
NF-κB
reduces
expression
activity.
Low
activity
leads
downregulation
antioxidant
target
genes
resulting
oxidative
stress.
Additionally,
low
levels
concomitant
promote
activity,
exacerbates
response.
The EMBO Journal,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
43(6), P. 904 - 930
Published: Feb. 9, 2024
Abstract
Mitochondrial
outer
membrane
permeabilisation
(MOMP)
is
often
essential
for
apoptosis,
by
enabling
cytochrome
c
release
that
leads
to
caspase
activation
and
rapid
cell
death.
Recently,
MOMP
has
been
shown
be
inherently
pro-inflammatory
with
emerging
cellular
roles,
including
its
ability
elicit
anti-tumour
immunity.
Nonetheless,
how
triggers
inflammation
the
regulates
this
remains
poorly
defined.
We
find
upon
MOMP,
many
proteins
localised
either
inner
or
mitochondrial
membranes
are
ubiquitylated
in
a
promiscuous
manner.
This
extensive
ubiquitylation
serves
recruit
adaptor
molecule
NEMO,
leading
of
NF-κB
signalling.
show
disruption
integrity
through
different
means
engagement
similar
signalling
platform.
Therefore,
directly
controls
inflammation,
such
permeabilised
mitochondria
initiate
Molecular Cell,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
83(17), P. 3188 - 3204.e7
Published: Sept. 1, 2023
Failure
to
clear
damaged
mitochondria
via
mitophagy
disrupts
physiological
function
and
may
initiate
damage
signaling
inflammatory
cascades,
although
how
these
pathways
intersect
remains
unclear.
We
discovered
that
nuclear
factor
kappa
B
(NF-κB)
essential
regulator
NF-κB
effector
molecule
(NEMO)
is
recruited
in
a
Parkin-dependent
manner
time
course
similar
recruitment
of
the
structurally
related
adaptor,
optineurin
(OPTN).
Upon
recruitment,
NEMO
partitions
into
phase-separated
condensates
distinct
from
OPTN
but
colocalizing
with
p62/SQSTM1.
turn,
recruits
active
catalytic
inhibitor
kinase
(IKK)
component
phospho-IKKβ,
initiating
upregulation
cytokines.
Consistent
potential
neuroinflammatory
role,
primary
astrocytes
upon
oxidative
stress.
These
findings
suggest
damaged,
ubiquitinated
serve
as
an
intracellular
platform
innate
immune
signaling,
promoting
formation
activated
IKK
complexes
sufficient
activate
signaling.
propose
are
initiated
parallel
response
mitochondrial
Life Science Alliance,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
6(4), P. e202201607 - e202201607
Published: Jan. 31, 2023
The
NF-κB
essential
modulator
NEMO
is
the
core
regulatory
component
of
inhibitor
κB
kinase
complex,
which
a
critical
checkpoint
in
canonical
signaling
downstream
innate
and
adaptive
immune
receptors.
In
response
to
various
stimuli,
such
as
TNF
or
IL-1β,
binds
linear
M1-linked
ubiquitin
chains
generated
by
LUBAC,
promoting
its
oligomerization
subsequent
activation
associated
kinases.
Here
we
show
that
M1-ubiquitin
induce
phase
separation
formation
assemblies
cells
after
exposure
IL-1β.
Phase
promoted
both
binding
covalent
linkage
but
not
sufficient
for
separation.
Supporting
functional
relevance
signaling,
pathogenic
mutant,
impaired
chains,
does
undergo
defective
mediating
IL-1β-induced
activation.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Dec. 19, 2023
Abstract
NEMO
is
a
ubiquitin-binding
protein
which
regulates
canonical
NF-κB
pathway
activation
in
innate
immune
signaling,
cell
death
regulation
and
host-pathogen
interactions.
Here
we
identify
an
NF-κB-independent
function
of
proteostasis
by
promoting
autophagosomal
clearance
aggregates.
NEMO-deficient
cells
accumulate
misfolded
proteins
upon
proteotoxic
stress
are
vulnerable
to
challenges.
Moreover,
patient
with
mutation
the
NEMO-encoding
IKBKG
gene
resulting
defective
binding
linear
ubiquitin
chains,
developed
widespread
mixed
brain
proteinopathy,
including
α-synuclein,
tau
TDP-43
pathology.
amplifies
ubiquitylation
at
α-synuclein
aggregates
promotes
local
concentration
p62
into
foci.
In
vitro,
lowers
threshold
concentrations
required
for
ubiquitin-dependent
phase
transition
p62.
summary,
reshapes
aggregate
surface
efficient
providing
mobile
interphase
favoring
co-condensation
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(9), P. 1237 - 1237
Published: April 25, 2023
Although
previously
restricted
to
a
limited
number
of
medical
conditions,
there
is
growing
appreciation
that
'autoimmune'
(or
immune-mediated)
processes
are
important
aspects
wide
array
diverse
including
cancers,
neurodegenerative
diseases
and
psychiatric
disorders.
All
these
classes
conditions
associated
with
alterations
in
mitochondrial
function
across
an
cell
types.
Accumulating
data
indicate
the
presence
melatonergic
pathway
possibly
all
body
cells,
consequences
for
pathways
crucial
driving
CD8+
T
B-cell
'autoimmune'-linked
processes.
Melatonin
suppression
coupled
upregulation
oxidative
stress
suppress
PTEN-induced
kinase
1
(PINK1)/parkin-driven
mitophagy,
raising
levels
major
histocompatibility
complex
(MHC)-1,
which
underpins
chemoattraction
cells
activation
antibody-producing
B-cells.
Many
factors
closely
autoimmunity,
gut
microbiome/permeability,
circadian
rhythms,
aging,
aryl
hydrocarbon
receptor,
brain-derived
neurotrophic
factor
(BDNF)
its
receptor
tyrosine
B
(TrkB)
interact
pathway.
A
future
research
directions
novel
treatment
implications
indicated
this
collection
poorly
conceptualized
treated
presentations.
It
proposed
etiology
many
'autoimmune'/'immune-mediated'
disorders
should
be
as
significantly
determined
by
dysregulation,
being
aspect
pathoetiologies.