Multisystemic alterations in humans induced by bisphenol A and phthalates: Experimental, epidemiological and clinical studies reveal the need to change health policies

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 271, P. 116380 - 116380

Published: Dec. 24, 2020

A vast amount of evidence indicates that bisphenol (BPA) and phthalates are widely distributed in the environment since these compounds mass-produced for manufacture plastics plasticizers. These belong to a large group substances termed endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC). It is well known humans living organisms unavoidably unintentionally exposed BPA from food packaging materials many other everyday products. exert their effect by interfering with hormone synthesis, bioavailability, action, thereby altering cellular proliferation differentiation, tissue development, regulation several physiological processes. In fact, EDC can alter fetal programming at an epigenetic level, which be transgenerational transmitted may involved development various chronic pathologies later adulthood, including metabolic, reproductive degenerative diseases, certain types cancer. this review, we describe most recent proposed mechanisms action offer compelling selection experimental, epidemiological clinical studies, show how exposure pollutants affects our health during association wide range reproductive, metabolic neurological as hormone-related cancers. We stress importance concern general population urgent need medical care system closely monitor levels due unavoidable involuntary impact on human health.

Language: Английский

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Establishment of cumulative assessment groups of pesticides for their effects on the thyroid

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2019

Cumulative assessment groups of pesticides have been established for two specific effects on the thyroid: firstly hypothyroidism, and secondly parafollicular cell (C-cell) hypertrophy, hyperplasia neoplasia. Sources uncertainties resulting from methodological approach limitations in available data scientific knowledge identified considered. This report supports publication a cumulative risk to affecting thyroid, which all either exposure or establishment are incorporated into consolidated characterisation.

Language: Английский

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Regulation of Thyroid-disrupting Chemicals to Protect the Developing Brain

Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 161(10)

Published: July 2, 2020

Abstract Synthetic chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties are pervasive in the environment and present bodies of humans wildlife. As thyroid hormones (THs) control normal brain development, maternal hypothyroxinemia is associated neurological impairments children, that interfere TH signaling considerable concern for children’s health. However, identifying thyroid-disrupting (TDCs) vivo largely based on measuring serum tetraiodothyronine rats, which may be inadequate to assess TDCs disparate mechanisms action insufficient evaluate potential neurotoxicity TDCs. In this review 2 neurodevelopmental processes dependent highlighted, neuronal migration maturation gamma amino butyric acid-ergic interneurons. We discuss how interruption these by contribute abnormal circuitry following developmental insufficiency. Finally, we identify issues evaluating strengths limitations current approaches designed regulate them. It clear an enhanced understanding THs affect development will lead refined toxicity testing, reducing uncertainty improving our ability protect

Language: Английский

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Association of urinary bisphenols during pregnancy with maternal, cord blood and childhood thyroid function

Environment International, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 106160 - 106160

Published: Oct. 14, 2020

Most pregnant women are exposed to bisphenols, a group of chemicals that can interfere with various components the thyroid system. To investigate association maternal urinary bisphenol concentrations during pregnancy maternal, newborn and early childhood function. This study was embedded in Generation R, prospective, population-based birth cohort (Rotterdam, Netherlands). Maternal urine samples were analyzed for eight bisphenols at (<18), mid (18–25) late (>25 weeks) pregnancy. serum stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4) total (TT4) measured child TSH FT4 cord blood childhood. The final population comprised 1,267 mothers, 853 newborns 882 children. Of measured, only A (BPA) detected >50% all three time-points S (BPS) first time-point. There no BPA or molar sum Higher BPS associated higher TT4 (β [95% CI] per 1 (natural-log) unit increase: 0.97 [0.03 1.91]) but there FT4. Furthermore, an attenuation between (Pinteraction = 0.001). mid-pregnancy exposure female 0.06) males 0.08). Our findings show may system potential developmental toxicity could affect offspring sex-specific manner.

Language: Английский

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Exposure to Boscalid Induces Reproductive Toxicity of Zebrafish by Gender-Specific Alterations in Steroidogenesis

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 54(22), P. 14275 - 14287

Published: Nov. 3, 2020

Boscalid is a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide and frequently detected in surface water. Due to the frequent detection of boscalid, we evaluated its impact on reproduction adult zebrafish following 21 d exposure 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0 mg/L. Following fertility female fertilization rate spawning eggs were reduced concentration-dependent manner up respective 87% 20% highest concentration. A significant 16% reduction percentage late vitellogenic oocytes was noted ovaries, 74% spermatids testis also observed after treatment with 17β-Estradiol (E2) concentrations decreased significantly females (34% decrease) but increased males (15% increase) mg/L boscalid treatment. The expression genes (such as era, er2b, cyp19a, cyp19b) related hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad-liver (HPGL) axis altered positively correlated E2 male (p < 0.05). Molecular docking results revealed that binding modes between target proteins (ER CYP19) similar reference compounds proteins. energies indicate may have weak estrogen-like effect or CYP19 inhibition, potentially altering HPGL axis, thereby reducing fecundity females. In contrast, caused induction steroidogenesis subsequent feminization gonads males, indicating gender-specific adverse outcome pathways.

Language: Английский

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